Botswana Defence Force Air Force

Mukutanga kwa1979, ndege mbiri dzakareruka dzekutakura Short SC7 Skyvan 3M-400 dzakawedzerwa kumidziyo yeBDF. Mufananidzo uyu unoratidza ndege iyi ine mamakisi emufekitori kunyange isati yapihwa kumuAfrica aigamuchira. Photo Internet

Iri kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica, Botswana yakakura nekaviri kukura kwePoland, asi ine mamiriyoni maviri chete evagari vemo. Zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nyika dziri kumaodzanyemba kweSahara muAfrica, nyika ino yakadzikama munzira inoenda kuzvitonga kuzere - yakanzvenga mhirizhonga uye kurwisana kuzere ropa kunozivikanwa nechikamu chino chenyika.

Kusvika 1885, nyika idzi dzaigarwa nezvizvarwa zvemo - maBushmen, uyezve neveTswana. Muchikamu chechipiri chezana ramakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe, nyika yakatsemurwa nekunetsana kwemadzinza, nharaunda yeko yaifanirawo kubata nevachena vaibva kumaodzanyemba, kubva kuTransvaal, maBuroms. MaAfrikaner vakarwirawo simba nemakoloni kubva kuGreat Britain. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Bechuanaland, sekudaidzwa kwaiitwa nyika panguva iyoyo, yakaverengerwa muBritish kudzivirira muna 50. Mumakore ekuma1966, masangano erusununguko enyika akawedzera padunhu rayo, izvo zvakaita kuti pave neBotswana yakazvimirira muna XNUMX.

Nyika ichangobva kusikwa yaive imwe yevashoma vaifarira kuzvitonga kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica panguva iyoyo. Pasinei nenzvimbo yaro munzvimbo "yakapisa" panguva iyoyo, pakati peSouth Africa, Zambia, Rhodesia (nhasi Zimbabwe) neSouth West Africa (yava kunzi Namibia), Botswana yakanga isina mauto. Mabasa ehurumende akaitwa nemapoka maduku emapurisa. Muna 1967, kwaingova nevakuru vakuru 300 vaiva mubasa. Kunyangwe nhamba iyi yakawedzera kakawanda kusvika pakati pemaXNUMXs, yakanga isati yakwana kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwemuganhu.

Kuwedzera kwekushanda kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica mumakore ekumaXNUMX, kwakabatana nekukura kwenhamba ye "nyika yekusununguka" kufamba munharaunda, kwakaita kuti hurumende yeGaborone iumbe uto remauto rinokwanisa kunyatsopa muganhu wedziviriro. Kunyange zvazvo Botswana yakaedza kuramba isina kwayakarerekera mukurwisana kwakaitika kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica mumakore ekumaXNUMX, XNUMX nemaXNUMX, yainzwira tsitsi chido chevatema chekuda kuzvitonga. Kwaive nemapazi emasangano airwisa hutongi hwevachena munyika dzakavakidzana, kusanganisira. African National Congress (ANC) kana Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA).

Hazvishamise kuti mauto eRhodesia, kozoti South African Defence Forces, nguva nenguva vaimborwisa zvinhu zviri munyika. Mikoto yaifambiswa nemauto echigandanga kubva kuZambia kuenda kuSouth West Africa (Namibia yanhasi) yaipfuurawo nemuBotswana. MaXNUMX ekutanga akaonawo kurwisana pakati peBotswana nemauto eZimbabwe.

Nekuda kwezviito zvakatorwa pahwaro hwechisungo chakaitwa neParamende muna Kubvumbi 13, 1977, musimboti wemauto emuchadenga akagadzirwa - Botswana Defence Air Force (iyi ndiyo nguva yekuumbwa kwendege inoonekwa pamawebhusaiti ehurumende) . , rimwe zita rinozivikanwa iAir Wing yeBotswana Defence Force). Mauniti endege akagadzirwa pahwaro hwezvivakwa zve mobile police unit (PMU). Muna 1977, sarudzo yakaitwa yekutenga ndege yekutanga yeBritten Norman Defender, yakagadzirirwa kutenderera kumuganhu. Mugore rimwe chetero, vashandi vakadzidziswa muUK. Pakutanga, zvikwata izvi zvaifanira kushanda kubva kumuzinda wehurumende yeGaborone, pamwe nekubva kuFrancistown nenzvimbo diki dzekumhara.

Nhoroondo yechikamu chendege cheBotswana Defence Forces haina kutanga zvakanaka. Paaifamba nendege yechipiri yeBN2A-1 Defender kubva kuUK, akamanikidzwa kuita zvekukurumidzira kumhara muMaiduguri, Nigeria, kwaakavharirwa ndokuzoendeswa kuLagos; kopi iyi yakaputswa muna Chivabvu 1978. Musi wa31 Gumiguru 1978, mumwe Mudziviriri akasvika muBotswana, sezvineiwo nguva ino; yakagamuchira zita rakafanana nerakatangira (OA2). Kwapera gore, musi wa9 Nyamavhuvhu, 1979, pedyo neFrancistown, iyi BN2A yakapfurwa nekanoni ye20-mm neherikoputa yeAlouette III (K Car) ye7th Rhodesian Air Force Squadron. Ndege iyi yakabva yapindawo mukurwisa boka reRhodesia, richibva kuhondo yeZIPRA - bapiro reZimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU). Vatyairi vendege vakapona pakurohwa, asi Defender yakasvikomhara paFrancistown Airport. Aka kaive kekutanga kuti chikopokopo cheRhodesian Air Force chibudirire kuparadza ndege, uye mumwe wevashoma anohwina nerotorcraft pakurwisa imbwa.

Vasina rombo rakanaka vaive vashandi veimwe BN2A, iyo yakadonha musi waMbudzi 20, 1979 ichangosimuka kubva kunhandare yendege yeKwando. Tsaona iyi yakauraya vanhu vatatu (kusanganisira mukoma waPresident weBotswana). Panguva yebasa ravo neBotswana Defence Force (BDF), ndege dzeBritish high-wing dzakashandiswa pakuongorora muganhu, kubuda kwezvokurapa uye kutakura vanhu vakakuvadzwa. Imwe ndege yaive negonhi repadivi rinotsvedza rekufambisa kurodha (OA12). Pakazara, ndege yakagamuchira Defenders gumi nematatu, yakanyorwa OA1 kune OA6 (BN2A-21 Defender) uye OA7 kune OA12 (BN2B-20 Defender); sezvatotaurwa, zita reOA2 rakashandiswa kaviri.