Hondo yealgorithms

Kana zvasvika pakushandiswa kwehungwaru hwekugadzira muchiuto, kutyisa kwesainzi ngano inomuka pakarepo, inopandukira uye inouraya AI inomukira vanhu kuti iparadze. Nehurombo, kutya kwemauto nevatungamiriri kuti "muvengi achatibata" kwakangosimba mukuvandudza kwehondo algorithms.

Algorithmic Warfareiyo, maererano nevakawanda, inogona kuchinja chaizvo mamiriro enhandare yehondo sezvatinoiziva, zvikurukuru nemhaka yokuti hondo yaizova inokurumidza, iri mberi zvikuru kupfuura kukwanisa kwevanhu kuita zvisarudzo. Mukuru weAmerica Jack Shanahan (1), mukuru weUS Joint Center for Artificial Intelligence, anosimbisa, zvisinei, kuti tisati taunza hungwaru hwekugadzira muzvombo zvezvombo, tinofanira kuona kuti masisitimu aya achiri pasi pehutongi hwevanhu uye haazotangi ega hondo.

"Kana muvengi aine michina uye algorithms, isu tinorasikirwa nekukonana uku"

Kugona kutyaira algorithmic warfare yakavakirwa pakushandiswa kwekufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi hwekombuta munzvimbo nhatu huru. Wokutanga makumi emakore ekukura kukuru musimba rekombutaizvi zvakavandudza zvikuru mashandiro emuchina kudzidza. Chepiri kukurumidza kukura kwezvinhu "Data hombe", ndiko kuti, hombe, inowanzoita otomatiki, inotungamirwa uye inoenderera mberi kugadzira data seti yakakodzera kudzidza muchina. Chechitatu chinotinetsa kukurumidza kukura kwe cloud computing technologies, kuburikidza nemakomputa anogona kuwana nyore zviwanikwa zve data uye kuzvigadzirisa kugadzirisa matambudziko.

Hondo Algorithmsezvinotsanangurwa nenyanzvi, inofanira kutanga yaratidzwa nayo kombiyuta kodhi. Chechipiri, inofanirwa kunge iri mhedzisiro yepuratifomu inokwanisa kuunganidza ruzivo uye kuita sarudzo, kuita sarudzo izvo, zvirinani mudzidziso, hazvidi. kupindira kwevanhu. Chechitatu, izvo zvinoita sezviri pachena, asi kwete hazvo zvakadaro, nekuti zviri mukuita chete izvo zvinobuda pachena kana nzira inoitirwa chimwe chinhu inogona kubatsira muhondo uye neimwe nzira, inofanirwa kukwanisa kushanda mumamiriro ezvinhu. kurwisana nezvombo.

Ongororo yemirairo iri pamusoro uye kudyidzana kwayo kunoratidza izvozvo algorithmic warfare haisi tekinoroji yakasiyana yakadai, semuenzaniso. simba chombo kana hypersonic zvombo. Migumisiro yaro yakakura-siyana uye zvishoma nezvishoma iri kupararira mukurwisana. Kekutanga motokari dzehondo vanova vakangwara, zvichiita kuti mauto edziviriro anoashandisa ave akanyatsoshanda uye anoshanda. Michina yakangwara yakadaro ine ganhuriro dzakajeka dzinoda kunyatsonzwisiswa.

"" Shanahan akadaro kupera kwekupedzisira mubvunzurudzo neaimbova CEO weGoogle Eric Schmidt uye mutevedzeri wemutungamiri weGoogle wezvekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika Kent Walker. "".

The US National Security Council's draft report paAI inoreva China kanopfuura ka50, ichiratidza chinangwa cheChina chepamutemo chekuve mutungamiri wepasi rose muAI panosvika 2030.onawo: ).

Aya mazwi akataurwa muWashington pamusangano unokosha wakaitika mushure mekunge Shanakhan Center yambotaurwa yapa chirevo chayo chekutanga kuCongress, yakagadzirirwa pamwe nenyanzvi dzine mukurumbira mundima yehungwaru hwekugadzira, kusanganisira Microsoft Research Director Eric Horwitz, AWS CEO Andy Jassa uye. Google Cloud Principal Researcher Andrew Moore. Chirevo chekupedzisira chichaburitswa muna Gumiguru 2020.

Vashandi veGoogle vachiratidzira

Makore mashoma apfuura, Pentagon yakabatanidzwa. algorithmic warfare uye akati wandei mapurojekiti ane chekuita neAI pasi pechirongwa cheMaven, chakavakirwa pakubatana nemakambani ehunyanzvi, anosanganisira Google nekutanga seClarifai. Yakanga iri kunyanya kushanda artificial intelligencekufambisa kuzivikanwa kwezvinhu zviri pa.

Pazvakazivikanwa nezve kutora chikamu kweGoogle muchirongwa ichi muchirimo che2018, zviuru zvevashandi veMountain View hofori vakasaina tsamba yakavhurika vachipokana nekutora chikamu kwekambani mukurwa. Pashure pemwedzi yokusagadzikana kwebasa Google yatora yayo seti yemitemo yeAIiyo inosanganisira kurambidzwa kubatanidzwa muzviitiko.

Google yakazvipira zvakare kupedzisa chibvumirano cheProjekti Maven panopera 2019. Kubuda kweGoogle hakuna kupedza Project Maven. Yakatengwa naPeter Thiel's Palantir. Mauto eMhepo neUS Marine Corps vanoronga kushandisa dzimotokari dzemuchadenga dzisina munhu, dzakaita seGlobal Hawk, sechikamu chepurojekiti yeMaven, imwe neimwe inofanirwa kutarisa kusvika ku100 square kilometers.

Pachiitiko chezviri kuitika kunharaunda yeProjekti Maven, zvakava pachena kuti mauto eUS anoda nekukurumidza gore rayo. Izvi ndizvo zvakataurwa naShanahan pamusangano uyu. Izvi zvakaonekwa apo vhidhiyo yemavhidhiyo uye zvigadziriso zvehurongwa zvaifanira kutakurwa kuenda kunzvimbo dzemauto dzakapararira mumunda. Mukuvaka yakabatana cloud computing, iyo ichabatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko emhando iyi, sechikamu chekubatana kweIT infrastructure project yeJedi uto, Microsoft, Amazon, Oracle uye IBM. Google haisi nekuda kwemitemo yavo yetsika.

Zvakajeka kubva mukutaura kwaShanahan kuti shanduko huru yeAI mumauto ichangotanga. Uye basa repakati payo muUS mauto mauto ari kukura. Izvi zvinoonekwa zvakajeka mubhajeti inofungidzirwa yeJAIC. Muna 2019, yakasvika pasi pemadhora makumi mapfumbamwe emamiriyoni. Muna 90, inofanirwa kunge yatove $2020 miriyoni, kana ingangoita gumi muzana yePentagon's $414 bhiriyoni AI bhajeti.

Muchina unoziva musoja azvipira

Mauto eUS akatoshongedzerwa masisitimu akadai sePhalanx (2), inova rudzi rwechombo chinozvimiririra chinoshandiswa pangarava dzeUS Navy kurwisa zvombo zvinokandwa. Kana chombo chikaonekwa, chinobatika choga chobva chaparadza zvese zviri munzira. Sekureva kwaFord, anogona kurwisa nemakomba mana kana mashanu muhafu yesekondi pasina kupfuura nekutarisa pane imwe neimwe chinangwa.

Mumwe muenzaniso ndeye semi-autonomous Harpy (3), inoshambadzira isina munhu system. Iyo harpy inoshandiswa kuparadza radar vavengi. Semuenzaniso, muna 2003, apo US yakatanga kurova kuIraq iyo yaive nendege radar yekubira masisitimu, ma drones akagadzirwa neIsrael akabatsira kuwana nekuaparadza kuitira kuti maAmerican vakwanise kubhururuka vachipinda muIraq airspace.

3. Kutangwa kweiyo drone yeIAI Harpy system

Mumwe muenzaniso unozivikanwa wezvombo zvinozvimiririra ndewe Korean Samsung SGR-1 system, iri munzvimbo isina mauto pakati peNorth neSouth Korea, yakagadzirirwa kuziva uye kupisa vapambi vari chinhambwe chinosvika makiromita mana. Maererano netsanangudzo, hurongwa "hunogona kusiyanisa pakati pemunhu akakanda mapfumo pasi uye munhu asina kukanda mapfumo pasi" zvichienderana nekumira kwemaoko avo kana kuziva nzvimbo yechombo mumaoko avo.

4. Kuratidzira kwekuonekwa kwemurwi akakanda mapfumo pasi neSamsung SGR-1 system

Vanhu vekuAmerica vanotya kusiiwa

Parizvino, dzinenge nyika makumi matatu kutenderera pasirese dzinoshandisa otomatiki zvombo zvine mazinga akasiyana ekusimudzira uye kushandiswa kweAI. China, Russia neUnited States dzinoona hungwaru hwekugadzira sechinhu chakakosha mukuvaka chinzvimbo chavo cheramangwana munyika. "Ani nani anokunda mujaho weAI achatonga nyika," Mutungamiri weRussia Vladimir Putin akaudza vadzidzi muna Nyamavhuvhu 30. Mutungamiri wePeople's Republic of China, Xi Jinping, haasati ataura mashoko epamusoro-soro munhau, asi ndiye mutyairi mukuru wemirairo inodaidzira kuti China ive simba guru mumunda weAI panosvika 2017.

Kune kushushikana kuri kukura muUnited States nezve "satellite effect", iyo yakaratidza kuti United States haina kunyatsoshongedzerwa kusangana nematambudziko matsva anokonzerwa nehungwaru hwekugadzira. Uye izvi zvinogona kuva nengozi kune rugare, kana chete nekuti nyika inotyisidzirwa nehutongi ingada kubvisa mukana wehurongwa hwemuvengi neimwe nzira, ndiko kuti, nehondo.

Kunyangwe chinangwa chekutanga chepurojekiti yeMaven yaive yekubatsira kutsvaga varwi veIslam ISIS, kukosha kwayo kune imwezve kuvandudzwa kwemauto ehungwaru ehurongwa hwakakura. Hondo yemagetsi yakavakirwa pamarekodha, mamonitor uye masensa (kusanganisira nhare, kubhururuka) yakabatana nehuwandu hukuru hwehterogeneous data inoyerera, iyo inogona chete kushandiswa zvinobudirira nerubatsiro rweAI algorithms.

Hondo yakasanganiswa yave vhezheni yehondo yeIoT, yakapfuma muruzivo rwakakosha rwekuongorora hunyanzvi uye hunyanzvi hwekutyisidzira nemikana. Kukwanisa kubata iyi data munguva chaiyo kune mabhenefiti makuru, asi kutadza kudzidza kubva kune iyi ruzivo kunogona kuve nenjodzi. Kugona kukurumidza kugadzirisa kuyerera kweruzivo kubva kumapuratifomu akasiyana anoshanda munzvimbo dzinoverengeka kunopa maviri makuru mabhenefiti ehondo: havukavu i kusvika. Artificial intelligence inokutendera kuti uongorore masimba enzvimbo yehondo munguva chaiyo uye kurova nekukurumidza uye nemazvo, uku uchideredza njodzi kumauto ako.

Iyi nhandare yehondo itsva zvakare iri pose pose uye. AI iri pamwoyo wezvinonzi drone swarms, izvo zvakagamuchira zvakanyanya kutariswa mumakore achangopfuura. Nekubatsirwa kwemasensa anowanikwa kwose kwose, kwete chete inobvumira drones kufamba munzvimbo ine utsinye, asi inogona kupedzisira yabvumira kuumbwa kwemaitiro akaoma emhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemotokari dzemhepo dzisina kuvharwa dzinoshanda munzvimbo dzakawanda, dzine zvimwe zvombo zvinobvumira maitiro ehondo ehondo, pakarepo kuchinja kune muvengi. maneuvers kutora mukana wenhandare yehondo uye kushuma kuchinja kwemamiriro.

Kufambira mberi muAI-yakabatsirwa chinangwa chekududzwa uye kufamba kuri kuvandudza tarisiro yekubudirira mune dzakasiyana siyana dzehungwaru uye hurongwa hwekudzivirira masisitimu, kunyanya missile dziviriro, nekuvandudza nzira dzekuona, kutevera uye kuona zvinangwa.

inogara ichiwedzera simba rekuenzanisa uye zvishandiso zvemitambo zvinoshandiswa kutsvagisa zvombo zvenyukireya uye zvakajairika. Misa modhi uye simulation ichave yakakosha kugadzira yakazara yakawanda-domain sisitimu yezvinotangwa masisitimu ekurwisa kudzora uye yakaoma mishoni. AI zvakare inopfumisa kudyidzana kwemapato akawanda (5). AI inobvumira vatambi kuti vawedzere uye vagadzirise zvinosiyana-siyana zvemitambo kuti vaongorore maitiro ane simba (zvombo, kubatanidzwa kwemubatanidzwa, mamwe mauto, nezvimwewo) zvinogona kukanganisa kuita uye kuita sarudzo.

Kune vemauto, chiziviso chechinhu inzvimbo yakasikwa yeAI. Chekutanga, kuongororwa kwakadzama uye nekukurumidza kwenhamba iri kukura yemifananidzo uye ruzivo rwakaunganidzwa kubva kumasetellite uye drones inodiwa kuti uwane zvinhu zvakakosha zvechiuto, senge makomba, kufamba kwemauto uye mamwe data ane chekuita nehungwaru. Nhasi, nhandare yehondo inobatanidza nzvimbo dzose—gungwa, nyika, mhepo, muchadenga, uye Indaneti—pasi pose.

Cyberspaceseyakasikwa dhijitari domain, yakanyatsokodzera kune AI application. Kudivi rinogumbura, AI inogona kubatsira kutsvaga uye kunanga yega network node kana maakaundi ega ega kuunganidza, kukanganisa, kana kusaziva. Kurwiswa kweCyber ​​pane zvemukati zvivakwa uye ma network network zvinogona kuve nenjodzi. Kana zviri zvekudzivirira, AI inogona kubatsira kuona kupindira kwakadaro uye kuwana zvinoparadza zvinokanganisa mumagariro echiuto neanoshanda.

Zvinotarisirwa uye zvine njodzi kumhanya

Nekudaro, kuita sarudzo nekukurumidza uye nekukasira kuita zvinogona kusakubatsira iwe zvakanaka. kuitira kugadzirisa dambudziko rinoshanda. Zvakanakira zvehungwaru hwekugadzira uye kuzvitonga masisitimu panhandare yehondo zvinogona kusatendera nguva yediplomacy, iyo, sezvatinoziva kubva munhoroondo, yakagara ichibudirira senzira yekudzivirira kana kugadzirisa dambudziko. Mukuita, kunonoka, kumbomira, uye nguva yokukurukura kunogona kuva kiyi yokukunda, kana kuti kunzvenga ngwavaira, zvikurukuru apo zvombo zvenyukireya zvinenge zviri mungozi.

Sarudzo nezvehondo nerunyararo hazvigone kusiiwa kune inofanotaura analytics. Pane misiyano yakakosha mumashandisirwo e data resainzi, zvehupfumi, zvekugadzirisa uye zvekufungidzira zvinangwa. maitiro evanhu.

Vamwe vanogona kuona AI sesimba rinonetesa mutual strategic sensitivity uye nekudaro inowedzera njodzi yehondo. Netsaona kana nemaune data yakashatiswa inogona kutungamirira AI masisitimu kuita zviito zvisingatarisirwe, sekusaziva uye kunanga zvisizvo zvinangwa. Iko kumhanya kwechiito kunomisikidzwa munyaya yekuvandudzwa kwehondo algorithms inogona kureva nguva isati yakwana kana kunyange kukwira kusingakoshi kunotadzisa hutungamiri hune musoro hwedambudziko. Kune rimwe divi, algorithms haizomiriri uye kutsanangura, nekuti ivo vanotarisirwa kukurumidza.

Disturbing aspect kushanda kweartificial intelligence algorithms yakaratidzwawo nesu nguva pfupi yadarika muMT. Kunyangwe nyanzvi hadzizive chaizvo kuti AI inotungamira sei kune zvatinoona mukubuda.

Panyaya yealgorithms yehondo, isu hatigone kusaziva kwakadai nezvezvisikwa uye kuti "vanofunga" sei ivo. Hatidi kumuka pakati pehusiku tichitsvaga mazhenje enyukireya nekuti "yedu" kana "yavo" hungwaru hwekugadzira yafunga kuti yave nguva yekupedzisira kugadzirisa mutambo.