Tora ... chitima chehydrogen

Pfungwa yekuvaka chitima pahaidhirojeni haisi itsva sezvinofunga vamwe. Zvisinei, mumakore achangopfuura, pfungwa iyi inoratidzika kuva yakanyatsokudziridzwa. Tinogona kunge tichishamisika kuti munguva pfupi tinogona kuona maPolish hydrogen locomotives zvakare. Asi pamwe zviri nani kusarasa.

Pakupera kwa2019, ruzivo rwakaonekwa Bydgoska PESA panosvika pakati pa2020, anoda kugadzirira hurongwa hwematanho ekusimudzira tekinoroji yekufambisa yakavakirwa pahydrogen mafuta maseru mumotokari dzenjanji. Mugore, dzinofanirwa kutanga kushandiswa mukubatana pamwe PKN ORLEN yekutanga kushanda bvunzo dzemotokari. Pakupedzisira, mhinduro dzakagadziridzwa dzinofanirwa kushandiswa mumitoro yekutakura zvinhu uye mumotokari dzenjanji dzakagadzirirwa kutakura vanhu.

Kushushikana kwemafuta ekuPoland kwakazivisa kuvakwa kwechirimwa chekuchenesa hydrogen paORLEN Południe chirimwa muTrzebin. Kugadzirwa kwemafuta ehydrogen akachena, ayo achashandiswa kupaza mota, kusanganisira akarongwa ePESA locomotives, anofanira kutanga muna 2021.

Poland, kusanganisira. nekuda kwePKN ORLEN, ndeimwe yevagadziri vakuru vehydrogen pasi rose. Maererano nehutungamiri hwekambani, mukugadzira, inotogadzira matani makumi mana neshanu paawa. Inotengesa iyi mbishi zvinhu zvemotokari dzinotakura vanhu pazviteshi zviviri muGermany. Nenguva isipi, vatyairi vemotokari muCzech Republic vachakwanisawo kuwedzera mafuta nehydrogen, sezvo UNIPETROL yeboka reORLEN ichatanga kuvaka zviteshi zvitatu zvehydrogen ikoko gore rinouya.

Mamwe makambani emafuta echiPolish anobatanidzwawo mumapurojekiti anonakidza ehydrogen. LOTUS inotanga kushanda nayo Toyotapahwaro hwaro hwakarongwa kuvaka zviteshi zvekuwedzera mafuta nemafuta ezvipenyu. Hofori yedu yegasi yakatungamirawo nhaurirano dzekutanga neToyota, PGNiGuyo anoda kuve mumwe wevatungamiriri mukuvandudza tekinoroji yehydrogen muPoland.

Nzvimbo dzekufunda dzinosanganisira kugadzira, kuchengetedza, kufambiswa kwemotokari uye kugovera network kune vatengi. Toyota ingangove ichifunga nezve kugona kweiyo Mirai hydrogen modhi, iyo inotevera vhezheni iyo inofanirwa kusvika pamusika muna 2020.

Muna Gumiguru, kambani yePoland PKP Energy Mukubatana neDeutsche Bahn, sero remafuta rakaunzwa seimwe nzira kune injini yedhiziri sesimba rekukurumidzira. Iyo kambani inodawo kutora chikamu mukuvandudza tekinoroji yehydrogen. Imwe yemafungiro ari kutaurwa nevezvenhau ndeyekuchinja kuenda kuhydrogen. Reda-Hel njanji, panzvimbo pekuiswa kwayo magetsi kwakarongwa.

Mhinduro yakaratidzwa paTRAKO njanji kuratidzwa ndiyo inonzi. Iyo kit ine photovoltaic panel inopindirana nemethanol fuel cell, iyo inopa magetsi akazvimirira pane echinyakare magetsi grid. Kana kugadzirwa kwesimba rezuva kuchinge kusina kukwana, fuel cell inotanga otomatiki. Zvakakosha, sero rinogonawo kumhanya pahuni yehydrogen.

Hydrail kana hydrogen njanji

Zvinogona kunyorera njanji yehydrogen njanji zvinosanganisira ese marudzi ezvitima zvekutakura - mufambi, mutyairi, kutakura zvinhu, njanji yakareruka, kutaura, njanji dzemugodhi, masisitimu enjanji maindasitiri, uye yakakosha kuyambuka mumapaki nemamuseum.

Kusarudzwa "Hydrogen Railway" () yakatanga kushandiswa muna Nyamavhuvhu 22, 2003 panguva yemharidzo paVolpe Transportation Systems Center yeUS Department of Transportation muCambridge. Stan Thompson weAT&T akabva apa mharidzo paMooresville Hydrail Initiative. Kubva 2005, International Conference on Hydraulic Actuators yakaitwa gore negore neAppalachian State University neSouth Iredell Chamber of Commerce muMooresville mukubatana nemayunivhesiti nemamwe masangano.

Izvo zvakagadzirirwa kuunza pamwechete masayendisiti, mainjiniya, mamaneja ezvidyarwa, nyanzvi dzeindasitiri nevashandisi vanoshanda kana kushandisa tekinoroji iyi pasirese kugovana ruzivo uye nhaurirano dzinotungamira kukukurumidza kugamuchirwa kwehydrogen mhinduro - maererano nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kuchengetedzwa kwemamiriro ekunze, kuchengetedzwa kwesimba. . uye kukura kwehupfumi hwose.

Pakutanga, tekinoroji yehydrogen fuel cell yaizivikanwa zvakanyanya uye yaishandiswa zvakanyanya muJapan neCalifornia. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, zvakadaro, iyo inonyanya kutaurwa nezvekudyara ine chekuita neizvi iri muGermany.

Alstom-Coradia iLint zvitima (1) - yakashongedzerwa nemafuta maseru anoshandura hydrogen neokisijeni kuita magetsi, nekudaro kubvisa zvinokuvadza zvinobuda zvine chekuita nemafuta ekupisa, yakarova njanji muLower Saxony, Germany, kutanga kwaGunyana 2018. 100 km - yakamhanya neCuxhaven, Bremerhaven, Bremerwerde neBuxtehude, ichitsiva ngarava yaivepo yezvitima zvedhiziri ipapo.

Zvitima zveGerman zvinowedzerwa mafuta nenharembozha yekuzadza hydrogen. Gasi reHydrogen richapombwa muzvitima kubva mumudziyo wesimbi unodarika mamita gumi nemaviri kumusoro uri padyo nenjanji pachiteshi cheBremerwerde.

Pane imwe chiteshi chepeturu, zvitima zvinogona kufamba pamanetiweki muswere wose wezuva, zvichifukidza 1 km. Zvinoenderana nehurongwa, chiteshi chekuzadza chiteshi munzvimbo inoshandirwa neEVB njanji kambani ichavhurwa muna 2021, apo Alstom ichaunza gumi nemana mamwe zvitima zveCoradia iLint mu. LNG mushandisi.

Muna Chivabvu apfuura, zvakataurwa kuti Alstom yaizogadzira mamwe 27 zvitima zvehydrogen RMV mushandisiiyo ichaenda kunharaunda yeRhine-Main. Hydrogen yeRMV depot ipurojekiti yenguva refu yezvivakwa ichatanga muna 2022.

Chibvumirano chekupa uye kuchengetedza zvitima zvemasero ndeye 500 miriyoni euros kwenguva yemakore makumi maviri nemashanu. Iyo kambani ichave nebasa rekupihwa kwehydrogen Infraserv GmbH & Co Hoechst KG. Iri paHöchst pedyo neFrankfurt am Main ndipo panogadzwa hydrogen refueling plant. Tsigiro ichapihwa nehurumende yemubatanidzwa yeGermany - ichapa mari yekuvakwa kwechiteshi uye kutenga hydrogen ne40%.

2. Hybrid hydrogen locomotive yakaedzwa muLos Angeles

MuUK Alstom nemutakuri wepano Eversholt Rail inoronga kushandura Kirasi 321 zvitima kuita zvitima zvehydrogen zvine huwandu hunosvika 1 km. km, inofamba pamwero wepamusoro we140 km / h. Batch rekutanga remichina yemazuva ano yerudzi urwu inofanirwa kugadzirwa uye yakagadzirira kushanda kutanga kwa2021. Mugadziri weBritish akaburitsawo chirongwa chayo chechitima chemafuta gore rapfuura. Vivarail.

MuFrance, kambani yehurumende yechitima SNCF yakazvimisira chinangwa chekubvisa zvitima zvedhiziri panosvika gore ra2035. Sechikamu chebasa iri, SNCF inoronga kutanga kuyedza hydrogen mafuta cell rail mota muna 2021 uye inotarisira kuti dzichange dzashanda zvizere panosvika 2022.

Tsvagiridzo yezvitima zvehydrogen yave ichienderera kwemakore akawanda muUS neCanada. Semuenzaniso, kushandiswa kwerudzi urwu rwechitima chekufambisa munzvimbo dzengarava kwaifungidzirwa. Muna 2009-2010 akavaedza yemuno mutakuri BNSF muLos Angeles (2). Kambani nguva pfupi yadarika yakagamuchira kondirakiti yekuvaka chitima chekutanga chekutakurisa hydrogen-fuelled muUnited States (3). nhandare.

Chibvumirano chinopa mukana wekugadzira mimwe michina mina. Inofambiswa nehydrogen Flirt H2 yakarongerwa kutanga muna 2024 sechikamu chepurojekiti yezvitima Redlands, mutsara we14,5 km pakati peRedlands neMetrolink muSan Bernardino, California.

3. Material adversing the first hydrogen passenger train train in the US.

Pasi pechibvumirano, Stadler ichagadzira chitima chehydrogen chichave nemota mbiri kudivi ripi neripi remagetsi rine maseru emafuta nematangi ehydrogen. Chitima ichi chinotarisirwa kutakura vanhu vanosvika zana nesere, paine imwe nzvimbo yekumira uye nekumhanya kwepamusoro kunosvika 108 km/h.

MuSouth Korea Hyundai Motor Boka parizvino iri kugadzira chitima chepeturu ine yekutanga prototype inotarisirwa kuburitswa muna 2020. 

Zvirongwa zvinofungidzira kuti achakwanisa kufamba makiromita 200 pakati pekuwedzera, nekumhanya kusvika ku70 km / h. Uyezve, muJapan East Japan Railway Company. yakazivisa chirongwa chekuyedza zvitima zvitsva zvehydrogen kubva muna 2021. Iyo sisitimu ichapa kukurumidza kumhanya kwe100 km / h. uye inotarisirwa kufamba makiromita angangosvika zana nemakumi mana pane rimwe tangi rehydrogen.

Kana njanji yehydrogen ikava yakakurumbira, inoda mafuta uye zvese zvivakwa zvekutsigira njanji. Haisi njanji chete.

Yekutanga yakatangwa muJapan nguva pfupi yadarika. liquefied hydrogen carrierSuiso Frontier. Iine zviuru zvisere zvematani ekugona. Yakagadzirirwa kutakura kwegungwa kure-kure kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwehydrogen, yakanyoroveswa kusvika -8 ° C, ine vhoriyamu yakaderedzwa muchiyero che 253/1 kana ichienzaniswa neyakagadzika gasi vhoriyamu.

Ngarava inofanira kunge yagadzirira pakupera kwa2020. Idzi ndidzo ngarava dzinogona kushandiswa neORLEN kutengesa hydrogen yadzinoburitsa kunze kwenyika. Inguva yemberi iri kure here?

4. Suiso Frontier pamvura

Onawo: