Diesel injini mafuta viscosity. Makirasi nemirairo
Zviri mukati
Sei zvinodikanwa zveinjini dzedhiziri zvakakwirira pane izvo zveinjini dzepeturu?
Diesel injini dzinoshanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma kupfuura injini dzepeturu. Mukamuri yekupisa yeinjini yedhiziri, iyo compression reshiyo uye, saizvozvo, iyo mechanic mutoro pa crankshafts, liner, tsvimbo dzekubatanidza uye pistons yakakwirira kupfuura muinjini yepeturu. Naizvozvo, ma automaker anoisa zvakakosha zvinodikanwa pakuita ma paramita emafuta edhiziri emukati emoto injini.
Chekutanga, oiri yeinjini yeinjini yedhiziri inofanirwa kupa chengetedzo yakavimbika yemagetsi, mhete dzepiston uye madziro ecylinder kubva pakupfeka kwemagetsi. Iko ndiko kuti, kuwanda kwefirimu yemafuta uye simba rayo rinofanira kunge rakakwana kutsungirira mitoro yemagetsi yakawedzerwa pasina kurasikirwa kwemafuta uye ekudzivirira zvinhu.
Zvakare, mafuta edhiziri emota dzemazuvano, nekuda kwekuunzwa kukuru kwemafirita mafirita mumasisitimu emhepo, anofanirwa kunge aine mashoma sulfate ash yemukati. Zvikasadaro, iyo particulate sefa ichakurumidza kuvharwa neyakaomarara zvigadzirwa kubva kumafuta emadota. Mafuta akadaro anotopatsanurwa maererano neAPI (CI-4 uye CJ-4) uye ACEA (Cx uye Ex).
Nzira yekuverenga sei dizeli mafuta viscosity zvakarurama?
Iyo yakawanda yemafuta emazuva ano einjini dzedhiziri ndeyese-mamiriro ekunze uye pasi rose. Ndiko kuti, ivo vakanyatsokodzera kushanda mupeturu ICEs, zvisinei nenguva yegore. Nekudaro, makambani mazhinji emafuta negasi achiri kugadzira oiri akaparadzana akagadzirirwa injini dzedhiziri.
SAE mafuta viscosity, zvinopesana nezvakajairwa zvisiri izvo, inoratidza viscosity chete pasi pemamwe mamiriro. Uye kutonhora kwekushandiswa kwayo kunogumira nekirasi ye viscosity yemafuta chete zvisina kunanga. Semuenzaniso, mafuta edhiziri ane SAE 5W-40 kirasi ine zvinotevera kuita paramita:
- kinematic viscosity pa100 ° C - kubva 12,5 kusvika 16,3 cSt;
- oiri inovimbiswa kupombwa kuburikidza nehurongwa nepombi patembiricha yakadzika se -35 °C;
- iyo lubricant inovimbiswa kuti isaomese pakati pema liner ne crankshaft journals patembiricha inosvika -30 ° C.
Panyaya yemafuta viscosity, iyo SAE yekumaka uye yakamisikidzwa chirevo, hapana misiyano pakati pedizili nepeturu injini.
Diesel mafuta ane viscosity ye5W-40 ichakubvumidza kuti utange zvakachengeteka injini munguva yechando pane tembiricha inodzika kusvika -35 ° C. Muzhizha, ambient tembiricha inokanganisa kushanda tembiricha yemota. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kusimba kwekubvisa kupisa kunodzikira nekuwedzera ambient tembiricha. Nokudaro, izvi zvinokanganisawo viscosity yemafuta. Naizvozvo, chikamu chezhizha che index chinoratidza zvisina kunanga iyo inobvumirwa injini yemafuta tembiricha. Pachikamu 5W-40, tembiricha yepakati haifanire kudarika +40 °C.
Chii chinokanganisa mafuta viscosity?
Iyo viscosity yemafuta edhiziri inokanganisa kugona kwemafuta ekugadzira firimu rinodzivirira pakukwesha zvikamu uye mumapundu ari pakati pavo. Iko kukora kwemafuta, iyo yakawedzera uye yakavimbika iyo firimu iri, asi zvakanyanya kuoma kuti ipinde mukati memipata yakatetepa pakati penzvimbo dzekubatana.
Iyo yakanakisa sarudzo pakusarudza mafuta viscosity yeinjini yedhiziri ndeyekutevera mirairo yemotokari yekushanda. Mugadziri wemota, senge pasina mumwe munhu, anoziva zvese zvakaomarara zvekugadzira mota uye anonzwisisa kuti viscosity inoda lubricant.
Kune tsika yakadaro: pedyo ne200-300 zviuru zvemakiromita, dururira mamwe mafuta e-viscous kupfuura zvinokurudzirwa nemugadziri. Izvi zvine musoro. Nekukwirisa mileage, zvikamu zveinjini zvinopera, uye mikaha pakati payo inowedzera. Mafuta einjini yakakora anozobatsira kugadzira kukora kwemufirimu uye kushanda zvirinani mumapundu akawedzerwa nekupfeka.
