Windshield kusarudzwa

Varidzi vemotokari vazhinji, vakatarisana nedambudziko rakadai sekutsiva mahwindo emotokari, vanozvibvunza mubvunzo: "Ndeipi girazi rekutenga, rekutanga kana risiri rekutanga?"

Chii chinofanira kuva auto girazi: chepakutanga kana kwete

Kune rumwe rutivi, munhu wose angada kuva nezvikamu zvepakutanga chete mumotokari yavo, asi kune rumwe rutivi, zvikamu zvepakutanga zvinodhura kaviri kana katatu kupfuura zvisiri zvepakutanga. Saka ungatenga sei yakanaka auto girazi, chengetedza zvishoma uye usarasikirwe nemhando? Usati wapindura mubvunzo uyu, unofanira kunzwisisa zvakawanda.

Zvikamu zvepakutanga zvakaiswa pafekitari yakagadzira ichi kana icho motokari. Hapana mafekitari anogadzira magirazi emotokari, anotengwa kubva kumakontrakta. Iro zita rekuti "yekutanga" girazi rinongori reimwe mhando yemota, kune mamwe mabhureki haichazoonekwa seyepakutanga. Kubva pane izvi, zvinogona kunzwisiswa kuti izwi rekuti "yekutanga" rinovanza kuzara kweimwe girazi mugadziri.

Vagadziri vegirazi vemotokari vemakambani akasiyana vanosiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune mumwe. Vagadziri veEurope vanopfavisa mahwindo emotokari, iyo yakashata iyo inowedzera kukakavara. Kune vagadziri veChinese, ivo vakasimba nekuti vane makemikari akasiyana zvachose pane girazi.

Hupenyu hwesevhisi yegirazi yemota yevaviri vanogadzira zvinoenderana nezvakawanda zvinhu, chimwe chazvo chiri kushanda mamiriro. Kuchengeta uye kugadzirisa zvakanyatsofanana kune vese vanogadzira.

Musiyano mukuru pakati peEuropean neChinese auto girazi ndiwo mutengo. MaChinese mapfupi pane ekutanga. Uye izvi hazvirevi kuti unhu hwayo hwakaipa. Dzimwe nguva kunyange zvikamu zveChinese zvinopihwa kune akati wandei mafekitori, kusanganisira eEuropean, uye mutengo wavo uchiri wakadzikira. Chinhu chacho ndechekuti muChina, mutengo wekugadzira wakaderera uye zvinhu zvacho zvakachipa.

Mhando dzemahwindi emhepo uye matekinoroji ekugadzirwa kwavo

Vagadziri vegirazi remotokari vanoshandisa matekinoroji akasiyana. Kune mota dzakagadzirwa:

• Stalinist. Nyaya yacho inopisa kusvika kune yakakwirira uye inotonhora zvishoma nezvishoma. Stalinite inogara kwenguva refu, pakukanganisa inoputsika kuita zvidimbu zvidiki, zvisina kupinza.
• Triple. Kugadzirwa kweTriplex kunobva pakushandiswa kwegirazi re organic, firimu uye glue. Nyaya yacho yakafukidzwa nefirimu kumativi ose uye yakanamatira. Zvinhu zvinodhura zvinotora zvinonzwika zvakanaka, zvinogara uye hazvidi kugadziriswa kwakaoma.
• Multilayer. Iyo yakanyanya kudhura uye yakasimba sarudzo. Mapepa akati wandei anonamirwa pamwechete. Laminated girazi inoiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari dzemhando yepamusoro uye dzinounganidzwa mota dzehondo.

Triplex ingave sarudzo inogamuchirwa.

Mhando dzegirazi remota

Kupisa kwegirazi re stalinite panguva yekudziya kusvika ku650-6800 C uye kunotevera kutonhora nekukurumidza nemhepo inotonhora inogadzira masara emasimba pamusoro payo ane chinangwa chekumanikidza uye kuwedzera simba repamusoro uye kugadzikana kwekupisa. Kana yatyoka, girazi rinodziya pasi pesimba remasimba epasi rinotsemuka kuita zvidimbu zvidiki zvakawanda zvisina mipendero yakapinza uye zvakachengeteka kumutyairi nemutyairi.

Stalinite yakachengeteka asi ine brittle.

Stalinite girazi rinoshandiswa muindasitiri yemotokari yekumashure neyegonhi girazi, pamwe nedenga rezuva. Inogona kuzivikanwa nemhando ine tsamba "T" kana chinyorwa Templado, zvinoreva kuti "Hasha". ChiRussian tempered glass yemotokari yakanyorwa netsamba "Z".

Triplex yakanyanya kugadzikana uye yakavimbika

Triplex: girazi, iro mapepa maviri akabatanidzwa ne polyvinyl butyl film. Iyo organic elastic layer inogadzira kupikisa kwegirazi kune ekunze mechanic pesvedzero. Kana girazi raputswa, zvimedu zvaro hazvidonhe, asi zvinonamatira kune yepurasitiki layer, saka hazviiti kutyisidzira kune mutyairi uye mutakuri agere pamberi. Impact-resistant triplex girazi inoshandiswa muindasitiri yemotokari semahwindi emhepo.

Kazhinji kazhinji inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemhepo. Pamusoro pekuramba kubvarura, triplex girazi ine mamwe maitiro ekuita ayo anobatsira pakugovera kwayo. Izvi zvinosanganisira kukwanisa kutora ruzha, kuderedzwa kwekushisa conductivity uye kupisa kupisa, mukana wekusvibisa.

Laminated mota girazi, iro rine mashizha akati wandei uye rine anopfuura rimwechete anonamira organic layer, haawanzo shandiswa mumhando dzemotokari dzemhando yepamusoro. Ivo vanogadzira kupisa kwakanaka uye kuvharirwa kwemukati kwemotokari, uye zvakare inogona kushandiswa mumotokari dzakashongedzwa dzemari-mu-kutakura.

Armored laminated girazi Audi A8 L Chengetedzo. Girazi uremu - 300 kg, yakadzikama inomira kurova kubva kune otomatiki zvombo

Zvinokwanisika kuisa neunyanzvi uye zvinobudirira girazi remotokari pamutumbi wemotokari chete nerubatsiro rwemichina yakakosha uye zvinhu zvinowanikwa mumashopu uye zvitoro zvekugadzirisa. Muhupo hwekukuvadza kuduku nenzira ye microcracks uye chips, zvinogona kubviswa nekupukuta pasina kubvisa girazi. Zvinokurudzirwa kutsiva girazi kana paine mikuru mikuru yenguva refu yakatsemuka inotyisidzira kuparadzwa kwayo. Girazi remotokari rinogona kuiswa neglue kana rubber seals.

Nzira yekutanga, inofambira mberi inopa muviri kuwedzera kuoma. Iine yakanyanya kusimba uye kusimba kwekubatana. Yechipiri nzira, kushandisa zvisimbiso zverubha, ndeyeye classical nzira, asi zvishoma nezvishoma inonyangarika kubva pakushandiswa kunoshanda.

Girazi remotokari rinoratidzwa nenzira yakabatana, inogamuchirwa pakati pevagadziri vegirazi, uye yakanyorwa pane imwe yemakona. Kumaka kwegirazi kune rumwe ruzivo nezve rudzi uye mugadziri wayo.

International terminology code

MuchiChirungu cheBritish (UK, Australia, New Zealand), izwi rekuti "windshield" rinoshandiswa kureva girazi remhepo. Mukuwedzera, vintage sports car windshields iyo isingasviki 20 cm (8 inches kuti ive chaiyo) dzimwe nguva inonzi "aeroscreens".

Muchirungu cheAmerica, izwi rekuti "windshield" rinoshandiswa, uye "windshield" rinowanzoreva kupararira kana polyurethane maikorofoni coating iyo inoderedza ruzha rwekumashure. MuChirungu cheBritish, zvinopesana ndezvechokwadi.

MuchiJapanese Chirungu, zvakaenzana ne windshield i "hwindo rekumberi".

MuchiGerman, "windshield" yaizova "Windschutzscheibe", uye muchiFrench "pare-brise". ChiItalian nechiSpanish vanoshandisa mazwi akafanana uye ane hukama nemitauro "parabrezza" uye "windshield", zvichiteerana.

Ita-iwe-iwe wega windshield kutsiva matanho

Bvisa windshield yekare

Twine kana banga rakakosha rinoiswa pakati pegirazi uye groove uye chisimbiso chekare chinogurwa. Ngwarira zvakanyanya paunenge uchifamba-famba munzvimbo yakatenderedza dash kudzivirira kukuvadza epurasitiki.

Kugadzirira nzvimbo yekunamatira windshield

Nebanga rekuvaka, takacheka zvakasara zvechisimbiso chekare. Kuumbwa munyaya iyi, sekutonga, kunokundikana, asi hatikanganwi kutenga imwe itsva, saka hatinetseke zvakanyanya. Kuedza girazi idzva renzvimbo yako yeramangwana.

Nyora manotsi nechiratidzo kana zvichidikanwa. Pane mamwe mamodhi emota pane akakosha anomira ayo asingazobvumiri kuisirwa kuisirwa uye kutsiviwa kwewindishield. Kana iwe usina chigadziko chegirazi, gadzirira nzvimbo pane hood nekuifukidza nechimwe chinhu chakapfava zvisati zvaitika kuitira kuti usakuvadza mhepo itsva.

Degreasing glass grooves

Pamwe degreaser kubva kukiti kana anti-silicone degreaser.

Kuzadza

Hazvikurudzirwi kushandisa primer pane zvakasara zvechisimbiso chekare. Iyo primer inoshandiswa mune imwe nhanho nebrashi kana swab kubva pakiti. Iyo primer inoshandiswa panzvimbo yekunamatira pamuviri, uye pagirazi panzvimbo inotarisirwa kusangana ne groove.

Activator

Ivo vanogadzira izvo zvisina kubviswa zvakasara zvechisimbiso chekare.

Kuita uye Usaite zveWindshield Replacement

1. Dzivisa kurovera kwemasuo zvine ruzha. Mota zhinji dzine system yakavharwa, saka edza kusarovera magonhi mushure mekuisa girazi idzva. Kurovera gonhi kunogadzira kudzvanywa kwemhepo pamhepo, izvo zvinogona kutyora chisimbiso chitsva nyore nyore. Izvi, zvakare, zvinogadzira kuvuza uye kufambisa girazi kubva panzvimbo yayo yekutanga.

2. Haisati yasvika nguva yekugeza mota yako! Mushure mekutsiva girazi remota yako, usageze kwemaawa makumi mana nemasere anotevera. Panguva imwecheteyo, tinoda kuona kuti kana kugeza maoko panguva ino hakuna otomatiki kana kugeza maoko. Chengeta zano iri rakakosha mupfungwa uye dzivirira chero mvura isingakodzeri kana kumanikidza kwemhepo mumotokari yako kweanenge maawa makumi mana nemasere kana zvakadaro.

Kana iwe ukaregeredza zano iri, unogona kungokuvadza girazi nyowani chisimbiso, icho chisati chaiswa zvakanaka. Zvichakadaro, windshield inomesa, mavhiri emotokari anogona kushambidzwa iwe pachako, hongu, nemaoko ako pachako.

3. Mirira nenzendo. Kana uchangobva kuisa windshield pamotokari yako, edza kusaityaira kweinenge awa kana maviri. Sezvaungave waona, kutsiva girazi, iwe uchada glue uye girazi pacharo. Mushure memaitiro ese, vanoda nguva yekuwana kuenzana nehunyoro uye tembiricha yakadzika.

4. Tsiva wipers. Windshield wipers zvigadziriso zvemuchina zvinogara zvakanangana nemhepo yemota, saka pane mukana wekuti vanokuvadza girazi kana kusiya zvikwambo pairi. Nokudaro, girazi richatanga kupera uye naizvozvo rinoda kuchinjwa mwedzi mishomanana yega yega. Naizvozvo, tora chiito nekukurumidza, shandura wipers nekukurumidza.

5. Tepi yegirazi. Sezvo mutemo, mukugadzirisa kutsiva windshield nemaoko ako pachako, tape yakakosha inoshandiswa kuigadzirisa. Iva nechokwadi chokuti tepi imwe chete inogara pahwindo remhepo kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana. Iwe unogona kukwira ne tepi iyi, haipindiri maonero zvachose, asi kana iwe ukabvisa tepi iyi, tsigiro iyo windshield ikozvino inoda icharasika.

Aerodynamic zvinhu

Sezvo kuedza kwemuongorori weAmerica V.E. Leia pamamodheru ari mugero remhepo, iyo geometry uye chinzvimbo chegirazi remhepo zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya aerodynamics yemotokari.

Izvo zvishoma kukosha kweiyo aerodynamic coefficient Cx (kureva, iyo yakaderera aerodynamic drag), ceteris paribus, inowanikwa pakona yekurerekera kwemhepo yemhepo ye45 ... kwete kutungamirira kukuvandudza kwakakosha mukugadzirisa.

Musiyano uripo pakati pezvakanakisa uye zvakanyanya kukosha (ine yakatwasuka mhepo) yaive 8...13%.

Izvo zviedzo zvakafanana zvinoratidza kuti kusiyana kweaerodynamic coefficients yemotokari ine mhepo yakadzikama uye windshield yeaerodynamically inobatsira chimiro (semicircular chikamu, chisingawaniki mumotokari chaiyo) pasi pemamiriro akaenzana ndeye 7 ... 12%.

Mukuwedzera, zvinyorwa zvinoratidza kuti kugadzirwa kwekushandura kubva pamhepo kusvika padenga, mativi emuviri uye hood inoita basa rinokosha pakuumba mufananidzo weaerodynamic wemuviri wemotokari, iyo inofanira kunge yakanyatsonaka sezvinobvira. Nhasi, muparadzi anocheka nenzira ye "kumashure" kwemashure ekudzivirira kwehood inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, iyo inoshandura kubuda kwemhepo kubva kumucheto wehood uye windshield, kuitira kuti wipers ari mu "mumvuri" weaerodynamic. Gutters haifanirwe kunge iri pakuchinja kubva pamhepo kuenda kumativi emuviri uye padenga, sezvo shanduko idzi dzichiwedzera kukurumidza kwekuyerera kwemhepo.

Kukosha kwekushandisa girazi remazuva ano rakanamirwa, iro risingangodzikisi zvakanyanya kudhonza kweaerodynamic, asiwo kunowedzera kusimba kwechimiro chemuviri wese, chakasimbiswa.