Westland Lynx uye Wildcat
Boka reRoyal Navy reBlack Cats parizvino rine zvikopokopo zviviri zveHMA.2 Wildcat uye riri kuratidza muridzi werudzi urwu rwechikopokopo mukuratidzira.
Yakagadzirwa neWestland uye yakagadzirwa naLeonardo, mhuri yeLynx yeherikoputa parizvino inoshandiswa nemauto enyika 9: Great Britain, Algeria, Brazil, Philippines, Germany, Malaysia, Oman, Republic of Korea neThailand. Kupfuura hafu yezana remakore, anopfuura makopi e500 akavakwa, akashandiswa seherikoputa kurwisa ngarava dzepasi pemvura, ngarava dzepamusoro uye matangi, kuita mishoni, kutakura uye kuponesa. Iyo yazvino rotorcraft kubva kumhuri iyi, iyo AW159 Wildcat, inoshandiswa nePhilippine neRepublic of Korea Naval Aviation, pamwe neBritish Army Aviation uye Royal Navy.
Pakati pe60s, Westland yakaronga kuvaka vatsivi kune inorema Belvedere helikopta (mapatya-rotor WG.1 chirongwa, takeoff uremu 16 matani) uye Wessex zvepakati helicopters (WG.4, uremu 7700 makirogiramu) nokuda British uto. . Zvakare, WG.3 yaifanira kuva helicopter yekutakura yeuto re 3,5 t kirasi, uye WG.12 - chikopokopo chekucherechedza chiedza (1,2 t). Yakagadzirwa kubva paWG.3, mutsivi weChamupupuri neWasp, iyo yakazove Lynx, yakasarudzwa WG.13. Zvinodiwa nemauto muna 1964 zvaidaidza chikopokopo chakasimba uye chakavimbika chinokwanisa kutakura masoja manomwe kana matani 7 emutoro, ane zvombo zvaizotsigira mauto pasi. Iyo yakanyanya kumhanya yaifanira kuva 1,5 km / h, uye huwandu - 275 km.
Pakutanga, rotorcraft yaifambiswa nembiri 6 hp Pratt & Whitney PT750A turboshaft injini. chimwe nechimwe, asi mugadziri wazvo haana kuvimbisa kuti musiyano une simba zvikuru waizogadzirwa nekufamba kwenguva. Pakupedzisira, zvakasarudzwa kushandisa 360 hp Bristol Siddeley BS.900, gare gare Rolls-Royce Gem, iyo yakatangwa pa de Havilland (saka zita rekare G).
Kubatana kwakanaka kweAnglo-French muindasitiri yezvendege uye zvakafanana zvinodiwa zvakaiswa nemauto enyika mbiri idzi zvakakonzera kubatanidzwa kwemhando nhatu dzerotorcraft, dzakasiyana muhukuru uye mabasa: yepakati kutakura (SA330 Puma), nyanzvi dzendege uye anti- tangi (ramangwana Lynx) uye chiedza-chinangwa muchina (SA340 Gazelle). Mhando dzose dzaifanira kutengwa nemauto enyika dzose dziri mbiri. Sud Aviation (yakazotevera Aerospatiale) yakapinda zviri pamutemo chirongwa cheLynx muna 1967 uye yaizopihwa mhosva yezvikamu makumi matatu kubva muzana. kugadzirwa kwendege dzerudzi urwu. Mumakore akatevera, kushandira pamwe kwakaguma nekutengwa kweSA30 Puma neSA330 Mhara neBritish mauto ehondo (maFrench aive vatungamiriri vechirongwa uye kuvaka), uye ndege yeFrance yengarava yakagamuchira Lynxes yeWestland. Pakutanga, maFrench aidawo kutenga maLynxes ane zvombo sekurwisa uye kuona zvikopokopo zvemauto epasi, asi pakupera kwa342 mauto eFrance akafunga kubuda muchirongwa ichi.
Yekutanga prototype yeWestland Lynx oblatan 50 lat temu, 21 mark, akaberekwa muna 1971.
Sezvineiwo, nekuda kwekushandira pamwe neFrench, WG.13 yakava ndege yekutanga yeBritish yakagadzirwa mune metric system. Iyo helikopta modhi, yakasarudzwa pakutanga Westland-Sud WG.13, yakatanga kuratidzwa paParis Air Show mu1970.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kutora chikamu mukuvandudzwa kweLynx nemumwe wevainjiniya vePoland Tadeusz Leopold Ciastula (1909-1979). Akapedza kudzidza kuWarsaw University of Technology, akashanda hondo isati yatanga, kusanganisira. somutyairi wendege muITL, muna 1939 akatamisirwa kuRomania, ipapo kuFrance, uye muna 1940 kuGreat Britain. Kubva 1941 akashanda mudhipatimendi reaerodynamics reRoyal Aircraft Establishment uye zvakare akabhururuka varwi ne302 Squadron. Skeeter helikopta, yakazogadzirwa naSaunders-Roe. Mushure mekunge kambani yatorwa neWestland, aive mumwe wevakagadzira helikopta yeP.1947, yakagadzirwa seWasp uye Scout. Basa reinjiniya Ciastła raisanganisirawo kutarisa kugadziridzwa kwesimba remagetsi reWessex uye Sea King helicopters, pamwe nekuvandudzwa kweprojekti yeWG.531. Mumakore akazotevera, akashandawo pakuvaka hovercraft.
Kubhururuka kweiyo prototype Westland Lynx kwakaitika makore makumi mashanu apfuura munaKurume 50, 21 muYeovil. Iyo giredhi yependi yeyero yakaedzwa naRon Gellatly naRoy Moxum, vakaita ndege mbiri dzemaminitsi gumi nemakumi maviri zuva iroro. Vashandi vacho vaitungamirirwa naiye injiniya Dave Gibbins. Kubhururuka uye kuyedzwa kwakanonoka mwedzi yakati wandei kubva kuhurongwa hwavo hwepakutanga nekuda kwematambudziko aRoll-Royce kugadzirisa magetsi. Injini dzekutanga dzeBS.1971 dzakanga dzisina simba rakaziviswa, izvo zvakakanganisa maitiro uye zvinhu zveprototypes. Nekuda kwechido chekugadzirisa helikopta yekufambisa mundege yeC-10 Hercules uye kuti igadzirire kushanda mukati meawa maviri mushure mekuburutsa, vagadziri vaifanira kushandisa zvakaringana "compact" chikamu chechikamu uye iyo huru rotor ine. zvinhu zvakaumbwa kubva pachikamu chimwe chetitanium. Mhinduro dzakadzama dzekupedzisira dzakagadzirwa nemainjiniya eFrance kubva kuAerospatiale.
Maprototypes mashanu akavakwa kuti aedze fekitori, imwe neimwe yakapenda ruvara rwakasiyana rwekusiyanisa. Yekutanga prototype yakanyorwa XW5 yaive yero, XW835 grey, XW836 tsvuku, XW837 yebhuruu uye yekupedzisira XW838 orenji. Sezvo iyo grey kopi yakapasa bvunzo dzepasi resonance, iyo tsvuku Lynx yakasimuka yechipiri (Gunyana 839, 28), uye zvikopokopo zvebhuruu negrey zvakasimuka zvakatevera munaKurume 1971. Kuwedzera kune prototypes, 1972 pre-kugadzirwa airframes akashandiswa kuyedza nekugadzirisa dhizaini, akagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa nevaizogamuchira mune ramangwana - Hondo yeBritish (ine skid yekumhara giya), Navy uye French Aeronavale Naval Aviation ( zvese zvine vhiri rekumhara). Pakutanga, paifanirwa kunge paine vanomwe vavo, asi panguva yekuedzwa imwe yemotokari yakadonha (iyo tail boom yekupeta michina yakakundikana) uye imwe yakavakwa.
