Kupinda kweJapan muThailand: Zvita 8, 1941

Muparadzi weThai Phra Ruang, akatorwa mifananidzo muna 1955. Aive Type R ngarava yakashanda muHondo Yenyika I neRoyal Navy isati yatengeswa kuRoyal Thai Navy muna 1920.

Kuseri kwezviitiko zveCombined Fleet kurwisa paPearl Harbor uye nhevedzano yeamphibious oparesheni muSoutheast Asia, chimwe chezviito zvakakosha zvechikamu chekutanga chePacific War chakaitika. Kupinda kweJapan kuThailand, kunyangwe kurwa kwakawanda mukati kwacho kwakangotora maawa mashoma, kwakapera nekusaina chibvumirano chehondo uye gare gare chibvumirano chemubatanidzwa. Kubva pakutanga, chinangwa cheJapan chaive chisiri kutora mauto eThailand, asi kuwana mvumo yekufambisa mauto achiyambuka miganhu yeBurmese neMalay uye kuvamanikidza kuti vapinde mumubatanidzwa vachipokana nemasimba eEuropean colonial neUnited States.

Humambo hweJapan neHumambo hweThailand (kubvira June 24, 1939; yaimbozivikanwa seHumambo hweSiam), nyika dzinoratidzika kunge dzakasiyana zvachose dzeFar East, dzine chimiro chimwe chete munhoroondo yadzo refu uye yakaoma. Mukati mekuwedzera kukuru kwoumambo hwaidzora muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX, havana kurasikirwa nouchangamire hwavo ndokuvamba ukama hwoumiriri namasimba enyika mugadziriro yezvinonzi zvibvumirano zvisina kuenzana.

Murwi mukuru weThai wa1941 murwi weCurtiss Hawk III akatengwa kubva kuUSA.

Muna Nyamavhuvhu 1887, Declaration of Friendship and Trade yakasainwa pakati peJapan neThailand, izvo zvakaita kuti Emperor Meiji naMambo Chulalongkorn vave zviratidzo zvevanhu vaviri vemazuva ano veEast Asia. Mukati menguva refu yekudyidzana kwekumadokero, Japan yave iri pamberi, ichitotumira gumi nevaviri venyanzvi dzayo kuBangkok nechinangwa chekutsigira shanduko yemitemo, dzidzo, uye sericulture. Munguva yehondo, chokwadi ichi chaizivikanwa zvikuru muJapan neThailand, nekuda kwekuti vanhu vose vairemekedzana, kunyange zvazvo 1 isati yasvika pakanga pasina hukama hukuru hwezvematongerwo enyika nehupfumi pakati pavo.

Kumukira kweSiamese kwa1932 kwakapidigura humambo hwaimbova mhedziso ndokumisa humambo hwebumbiro nebumbiro renyika rekutanga neparamende yebicameral. Pamusoro pezvakaita zvakanaka, shanduko iyi yakakonzerawo kutanga kwemakwikwi ehurumende nemauto ekupesvedzera mukanzuru yeThai. Mhirizhonga iri muhurumende yedemokrasi zvishoma nezvishoma yakatorwa mukana naColonel Phraya Phahol Pholfayuhasen, uyo muna Chikumi 20, 1933 akaita coup d'état uye akaunza hudzvanyiriri hwemauto achinyepedzera humambo hwebumbiro.

Japan yakapa tsigiro yezvemari yekumukira muThailand ndokuva nyika yekutanga kuziva hurumende itsva pasi rose. Hukama padanho repamutemo hwakanyatsodziya, izvo zvakatungamira, kunyanya, kune chokwadi chekuti Thai officer academies akatumira macadet kuJapan kunodzidziswa, uye chikamu chekutengeserana kunze kwenyika nehumambo chaive chechipiri chekuchinjana neGreat Britain. Mumushumo wemukuru weBritish diplomacy muThailand, Sir Josiah Crosby, maitiro evanhu veThai kune maJapan akaonekwa seasinganzwisisike - kune rimwe divi, kucherechedzwa kwehupfumi nemauto eJapan, uye kune rimwe divi, kusavimba nezvirongwa zvoumambo.

Chokwadi, Thailand yaifanira kuita basa rakakosha muJapan kuronga kuronga kweSoutheast Asia panguva yeHondo yePacific. MaJapan, aine chokwadi chechokwadi chebasa ravo renhoroondo, akafunga nezvekugona kupikisa kwevanhu veThai, asi vaida kuvaputsa nechisimba uye kutungamirira kuhutano hwehukama kuburikidza nekupindira kwemauto.

Midzi yekupinda nechisimba kweJapan muThailand inogona kuwanikwa mudzidziso yaChigaku Tanaka ye "kuunganidza makona masere enyika pasi pedenga rimwe" ( jap. hakko ichiu ). Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, yakava injini yekusimudzira nyika uye pfungwa yePan-Asia, sekureva kweiyo nhoroondo yehumambo hweJapan yaive kutonga vamwe vese veEast Asia vanhu. Kutorwa kweKorea neManchuria, pamwe nekunetsana neChina, kwakamanikidza hurumende yeJapan kugadzira zvinangwa zvitsva.

MunaNovember 1938, dare remakurukota eMuchinda Fumimaro Konoe rakazivisa kudiwa kweNew Order muGreater East Asia (chiJapan: Daitoa Shin-chitsujo), iyo, kunyangwe yaifanirwa kutarisa hukama hwepedyo pakati peHumambo hweJapan, Humambo hwe. Manchuria neRepublic of China, zvakakanganisawo Thailand zvisina kunanga. Kunyangwe zviziviso zvechishuwo chekuchengetedza hukama hwakanaka nevadyidzani vekuMadokero nedzimwe nyika mudunhu, vagadziri vemitemo vekuJapan havana kufungidzira kuvepo kwenzvimbo yechipiri yakazvimirira yakakwana yekuita sarudzo muEast Asia. Maonero aya akasimbiswa nepfungwa yakaziviswa pachena yeGreater East Asia Prosperity Zone (yeJapan: Daitōa Kyōeiken) yakaziviswa muna Kubvumbi 1940.

Zvisina kunanga, asi kuburikidza nehurongwa hwezvematongerwo enyika uye hwehupfumi, maJapan akasimbisa kuti dunhu reSoutheast Asia, kusanganisira Thailand, mune ramangwana rinofanira kunge riri renzvimbo yavo yakasarudzika.

Padanho rehungwaru, kufarira kudyidzana kwepedyo neThailand kwakabatana nehurongwa hwemauto eJapan kutora makoroni eBritish muSoutheast Asia, inova Malay Peninsula, Singapore neBurma. Pari padanho rekugadzirira, maJapan akasvika pakugumisa kuti kurwisa maBritish kunoda kushandiswa kwete chete Indo-China, asiwo Thai zviteshi, nhandare dzendege uye network network. Muchiitiko chekupokana kweThailand pachena nekupihwa kwekuisa mauto uye kuramba kubvuma kudzorwa kwemauto kuenda kumuganhu weBurmese, varongi veJapan vakafunga kukosha kwekutsaurira mamwe mauto kuti asimbise chibvumirano chaidiwa. Nekudaro, hondo yenguva dzose neThailand yakanga isiri yemubvunzo, sezvo yaizoda zviwanikwa zvakawandisa, uye kurwisa kweJapan makoroni eBritish kwaizorasikirwa nekushamisika.

Zvirongwa zveJapan zvekukunda Thailand, zvisinei nematanho akatenderwa, ainyanya kufarirwa neThird Reich, iyo yaive nemamishinari ayo muBangkok neTokyo. Vezvematongerwo enyika veGerman vakaona kufadza kweThailand semukana wekubvisa chikamu chemauto eBritish kubva kuNorth Africa neMiddle East uye kubatanidza kuedza kwemauto eGermany neJapan kurwisa Humambo hweBritain.

Muna 1938, Folphayuhasen akatsiviwa semutungamiri wehurumende naGeneral Plaek Phibunsongkhram (aiwanzozivikanwa saPhibun), akagadza hudzvanyiriri hwemauto muThailand achitevedza mitsetse yeItaly fascism. Hurongwa hwake hwezvematongerwo enyika hwaitarisira shanduko yetsika kuburikidza nekukasira kusimudzira nzanga, kusikwa kwenyika yemazuva ano yeThai, mutauro mumwechete wechiThai, kusimudzira indasitiri yayo, kuvandudzwa kwemauto uye kuvakwa kwehurumende yedunhu yakasununguka kubva kune Masimba eEuropean colonial. Munguva yekutonga kwaPhibun, vazhinji uye vapfumi vashoma vechiChinese vakava muvengi wemukati, uyo akafananidzwa ne "vaJudha vekuFar East." Musi waChikumi 24, 1939, maererano nemutemo wakagamuchirwa wekuita nyika, zita repamutemo renyika rakashandurwa kubva kuHumambo hweSiam kuenda kuHumambo hweThailand, iyo, kunze kwekuteya nheyo dzenyika yemazuva ano, yaifanira kusimbisa. kodzero isingabvisiki yeminda inogarwa nevanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni makumi matanhatu emadzinza echiThai anogarawo muBurma, Laos, Cambodia neSouth China.