Rear kuturika kwemotokari: chii ichocho, chinoshanda sei
Zviri mukati
Iyo torsion bar inosunga zvakasimba mavhiri ekumashure pamwe chete, izvo zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kugadzikana uye kudzoreka kwemotokari pamateki "akaipa". Mushanduro dzevatyairi-uye-kutakura, zvitubu zvinowanzotsiviwa nezvitubu uye zvinonyungudutsa. Multi-link dhizaini pamberi-gumbo motokari dzinotyaira dzinoshandiswa chete mumhando yepamusoro.
Zvisizvo mumugwagwa wepamusoro zvinogadzira kuzununguka, kunonzwika mumotokari. Ipapo rwendo rwunova rusina kugadzikana kune vafambi. Iyo mota yekumberi nekumashure yakamiswa inobata kuvhunduka kunobva mumugwagwa uye nekunyorovesa vibrations. Funga nezvechinangwa, musimboti wekushanda uye zvimiro zvezvikamu zveaxle yekumashure yemushini.
Chii chinonzi rear suspension
Kuturika seti yezvigadziriso dhizaini inobatanidza muviri wemotokari nemavhiri.
Chii ichochi
Chikamu chakakosha chechasisi - iyo yekumashure kumiswa - mazinga kunze kwemigwagwa, inogadzira kukwira kwakatsetseka, kuwedzera kunyaradza kumutyairi nevafambi kana vachifamba.
Iyo dhizaini inoshandisa akati wandei mamwe mabasa:
- muviri unobatanidza vhiri (unsprung mass) kune furemu kana muviri (sprung mass);
- inopikisa skidding uye rollover yemotokari mumakona;
- anowedzerawo kuita mabhureki.
Kuita mabasa akanyorwa, kumiswa kwemashure kunobatsira kune zvirinani kuyambuka-nyika kugona kwemota.
Suspension mudziyo
Nechimiro chechiito, zvikamu zvese uye nzira dzekumisa kumashure dzakakamurwa kuita mapoka matatu makuru:
- Elastic midziyo (torsion bars, zvitubu, zvisiri-metallic parts) - kuendesa vertical forces ichiita kubva munzira kuenda kumuviri, nekudaro kuderedza mitoro ine simba.
- Nhungamiro zvinhu (levers) - kuona longitudinal uye lateral masimba.
- Damping node - kudzikisira kudengenyeka kwemotokari yemagetsi.
Rear suspension fasteners ndeye rubber-metal bushings uye bhora mabhengi.
kumberi vhiri kutyaira motokari
Iyo axle yekumashure yemota dzemberi-mavhiri inosangana nekushushikana kushoma mukufamba, saka zvinhu zvekumisa zvinogara kwenguva refu. Mota dzemazuva ano dzekune dzimwe nyika uye mota dzemumba dzinowanzo kuve dzakashongedzerwa zvisingadhure, zviri nyore-kuchengeta zvakamira zvakamira zvine danda rekurovera. Iyi sarudzo inoderedza mari yemugadziri uye mutengo wekupedzisira wemotokari.
Maitiro ekuchengetedza mota yako kuturika
Iyo torsion bar inosunga zvakasimba mavhiri ekumashure pamwe chete, izvo zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kugadzikana uye kudzoreka kwemotokari pamateki "akaipa". Mushanduro dzevatyairi-uye-kutakura, zvitubu zvinowanzotsiviwa nezvitubu uye zvinonyungudutsa. Multi-link dhizaini pamberi-gumbo motokari dzinotyaira dzinoshandiswa chete mumhando yepamusoro.
mota yekumashure
Kutyaira kumberi kweaxle yemotokari dzinotakura kunoisa zvimwe zvinovimbika zvinodiwa pakumiswa, saka, mukugadzirwa kwemota dzakadai, yakawanda-link inowanzoshandiswa. Muchiitiko ichi, hubs dzemateru dzakagadziriswa nerengitudinal uye transverse levers muhuwandu hwezvikamu zvina.
Rear vhiri drive suspensions inopa isingaenzaniswi kutasva nyaradzo uye yakaderera ruzha mwero.
Rear suspension elements
Kuchengetedzwa kwekufamba kunoenderana nehutano hwekusimiswa kwemashure, saka zvakakosha kuziva zvikamu zvegungano.
Iyo system inosanganisira:
- Longitudinal pendulum levers. Usabvumira mavhiri kutenderera mundege yakachinjika.
- Cross levers (mbiri kune imwe neimwe slope). Vanochengetedza kurongeka kwevhiri uye vanochengeta iyo yekupedzisira mune yakanyatso perpendicular chinzvimbo maererano nemugwagwa;
- Anti-roll bar. Inoderedza lateral rolls panguva yekufambisa.
- Stabilizer's pole. Vanoshanda pakugadzikana kwemashure kwemotokari.
- shock absorber.
Nokuda kwekumiswa kwemashure, kuoma kwezvidziviriro zvekuvhunduka uye zvigadziro, kureba kwemakumbo kunokosha. Pamwe chete nedhigirii rekunyorovesa kwemaitiro ekuvhunduka-absorbing.
Aina
Kusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kwekumiswa kwemashure kunogona, zvisinei, kukamurwa kuva marudzi matatu makuru:
- inotsamira chimiro. Mavhiri maviri ekumashure akabatana zvakasimba neaxle, danda, kana kupatsanurwa kana kuenderera mberi zambuko. Kazhinji pane kusanganiswa kwekumiswa kunopa kuiswa kwebhiriji nechitubu (chinotsamira, chitubu), chitubu (chinotsamira, chitubu) uye pneumatic zvinhu (pneumatic, inotsamira). Apo mavhiri acho akabatanidzwa nedanda rakaoma, mutoro unotamiswa zvakananga kubva kune rumwe rutivi kuenda kune rumwe: ipapo kutasva hakuna kusiyana mukunyorova.
- Semi-yakazvimirira kumira. Iro danda rimwechete rinoshandiswa pano, asi nehunhu hwe torsion bar. Kana iyo yekupedzisira inovakwa mudanda. Ichi chimiro chekugadzira chinowedzera kukwira kwakatsetseka, sezvo iyo torsion bar inopfavisa kushushikana kunopfuudzwa kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe.
- yakazvimirira mhando. Mavhiri akabatanidzwa neakisi anorarama nemitoro ari ega. Kuzvimiririra kumiswa ndeye pneumatic uye torsion bar.
Shanduro yechitatu yemagadzirirwo ndiyo inonyanya kufambira mberi, asi yakaoma uye inodhura.
Ainoita
Kumiswa kwemotokari kunoshanda seizvi:
- Apo motokari inorova chipingamupinyi, vhiri rinokwira pamusoro penzira yakatwasuka, ichichinja nzvimbo yetsvimbo, marevheti, swivel units.
- Apa ndipo panopinda chibatiso chekuvhundutsa. Panguva imwecheteyo, chitubu, icho chaimbove chakasununguka, chinomanikidzwa pasi pesimba rekinetic simba rekusundira kwevhiri munzira kubva pasi pasi - kumusoro.
- Iyo elastic compression yekuvhundutsa inopinza ine chitubu inobvisa tsvimbo: rubber-metal bushings inotora zvishoma kuvhunduka uye vibration inotumirwa kumuviri wemotokari.
- Mushure maizvozvi, maitiro ekudzokera shure anoitika. Chitubu chichangobva kudzvinyirirwa chinogara chichitsvaga kutwasanudza uye kudzorera chinobatisa chinovhundutsa, uye nacho vhiri, panzvimbo yaro yepakutanga.
Kutenderera kunodzokororwa nemavhiri ese.
