Kuchinja mafuta mumotokari yemotokari - mutungamiri
Paunenge uchisarudza mafuta emota yako, iwe unofanirwa kutanga watungamirwa nekurudziro yemugadziri wemota. Mumotokari dzinenge makore gumi, iyo semi-synthetic mafuta, inonyatso kutaurwa mubhuku rekushandisa, inogona kutsiviwa neyemazuva ano "synthetic".
Oiri yeinjini ndeimwe yemvura yakakosha mumotokari. Iyo ine basa rekuzora iyo drive unit, inoderedza kukweshera kwezvikamu zveinjini panguva yekushanda, inoichengeta yakachena, uye zvakare inoita sechinhu chinotonhorera.
Ndicho chikonzero nei zvakakosha kushandisa mafuta anokurudzirwa nemugadziri wemotokari - zvakakosha zvikuru kuchengetedza injini mumamiriro akanaka.
Pamasherufu ezvitoro, tinogona kuwana synthetic, semi-synthetic uye mineral oiri.
Sezvo Pavel Mastalerek, Castrol's technical maneja, anotsanangura kwatiri, ivo vanosiyana mumafuta epasi uye ehupfumi mapakeji.
Chakaita zvokugadzirwa mafuta
Mafuta ekugadzira pari zvino ndiwo anonyanya kutsvagirwa uye anowanzo kugadzirwa oiri, saka anozadzisa zvirinani zvinodikanwa zvevagadziri veinjini, uye mota idzi dzinogara kwenguva refu uye dzinomhanya zvakanyanya.
Synthetics yakakwirira kune mineral uye semi-synthetic oiri mune zvese. Vanogona kushanda patembiricha yakakwira uye kudzvanywa kwepamusoro panzvimbo dzakazodzwa pane zvicherwa kana semi-synthetic. Nekuda kwekupikisa kwavo kutonhora kwakanyanya, havaunganidzi muchimiro chekuisa pazvikamu zvemukati zveinjini, izvo zvinowedzera hupenyu hwayo hwebasa.
Onawo: Mafuta, mafuta, mafirita emhepo - riini uye sei kuchinja? Guide
Panguva imwecheteyo, dzinenge dziine mvura patembiricha yakaderera - dzinoramba dziri mvura kunyange pasi kusvika paminus 60 degrees Celsius. Nokudaro, vanoita kuti zvive nyore kutanga injini munguva yechando, iyo yakaoma kana uchishandisa mafuta emaminerari akakora muchando chakanyanya.
Ivo zvakare vanoderedza frictional resistance uye kushandiswa kwemafuta. Ivo zviri nani kuchengeta injini yakachena nokuderedza dhipoziti mairi. Nguva dzekutsiva dzakareba nekuti dzinokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Nokudaro, vanogona kushanda mune iyo inonzi hupenyu hurefu, i.e. yakawedzera mileage pakati pekuchinja kwemafuta mumotokari, kunyange kunyanya mumotokari dzine turbocharger, zvakachengeteka kuchinja mafuta ose 10-15 zviuru. km kana kamwe pagore. Mota zhinji nyowani dzinoshandisa masynthetics.
Semi-chakaita zvokugadzirwa mafuta
Semi-synthetics yakafanana mune zvakawanda zvivakwa kune synthetics, inopa zvirinani kuchengetedzwa kweinjini pane emamineral oiri. Iko hakuna mutemo kuti riini uye papi mileage yaunofanirwa kushandura kubva kune synthetic kuenda kune semi-synthetic oiri. Kunyangwe kana mota yakatyaira mazana ezviuru zvemakiromita, asi dhiraivha haina zviratidzo zvekupfeka uye kubvaruka uye inoshanda zvizere, hazvikurudzirwe kuramba synthetics.
Semi-synthetic inogona kuva mhinduro kana tichida kuchengetedza mari. Oiri yakadaro inochipa kupfuura yekugadzira uye inopa yakakwirira-yepamusoro injini kudzivirira. Litre yemafuta ekugadzira kazhinji inodhura kupfuura PLN 30, mitengo inogona kutosvika PLN 120. Tichabhadhara nezve PLN 25-30 ye semi-synthetics uye PLN 18-20 yemvura yemaminerari.
Mineral mafuta
Mineral oiri ndiyo yakaipisisa yemarudzi ese. Zvinokurudzirwa kuzvishandisa mumajini ekare ane mileage yakakwira, pamwe chete nemamiriro ekupisa kwemafuta, i.e. apo motokari inoshandisa mafuta akawanda.
Onawo: Nguva - kutsiva, bhandi uye cheni drive. Guide
Kana isu tichitenga mota yakashandiswa, senge mota yemakore gumi neshanu ine injini yakasakara, uye isu hatina chokwadi chekuti mafuta aimboshandiswa kare, zvakachengeteka kusarudza chicherwa kana semi-synthetic mafuta kuti usageze kubva kabhoni deposits. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira mukudonha kana kudzikira kwemafuta injini yekumanikidza kupfeka.
- Kana isu tine chokwadi chekuti mota, kunyangwe iyo yakakwira mileage, yaive ichimhanya pamafuta ekugadzira kana semi-synthetic, unogona kushandisa mhando imwechete yemafuta, asi neakakwirira viscosity, inokurudzira Pavel Mastalerek. -Inokutendera kuti uderedze zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwemafuta einjini, pamwe nekudzikisa ruzha rwunoburitswa nedhiraivha.
Mafuta mavara
Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa viscosity parameters (mafuta kuramba kuyerera - viscosity inowanzovhiringidzika ne density) ye synthetics ndeye 5W-30 kana 5W-40. Semi-synthetics inenge yakafanana viscosity - 10W-40. Mineral oiri 15W-40, 20W-40, 15W-50 anowanikwa pamusika.
Nyanzvi yeCastrol inotsanangura kuti index ine tsamba W inoratidza viscosity pakudzika kwakadzika, uye index isina tsamba W - pakupisa kwakanyanya.
Iyo yakadzika iyo viscosity, yakaderera kushorwa kwemafuta uye nekudaro kuderera kwekurasikirwa kwesimba kweinjini. Nekudaro, yakakwira viscosity inopa zvirinani kudzivirira injini kubva pakupfeka. Naizvozvo, viscosity yemafuta inofanira kunge iri chibvumirano pakati pezvinodiwa zvakanyanya izvi.
Injini dzepeturu, madhiziri, mota dzine LPG kuisirwa uye DPF sefa
Hunhu huyero hwepeturu uye injini dzedhiziri hunosiyana, asi mafuta anowanikwa pamusika anowanzo kusangana ese. Somugumisiro, zvakaoma kuwana mafuta akagadzirirwa chete dhiziri kana chete peturu injini.
Misiyano yakakura muoiri inokonzerwa nekugadzirwa kweinjini nemidziyo yavo. Mafuta anosiyana nekuda kwekushandiswa kweDPF (FAP) mafirita, TWC matatu-nzira catalysts, yakajairika njanji kana unit jekiseni jekiseni masisitimu, kana hupenyu hurefu hwemafuta. Iyi misiyano inofanirwa kuverengerwa pakusarudza mafuta einjini.
Zvakakosha kuwedzera kuti mafuta anofanira kushandiswa kumotokari dzine DPF sefa.
inogadzirwa nehunyanzvi hwepasi-ash (Low SAPS). Izvi zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kuwanda kwekuzadza kwemafirita. Mafuta akadaro muchikamu cheACEA anosarudzwa C1, C2, C3 (anowanzo kukurudzirwa nevagadziri veinjini) kana C4.
- Mumafuta akagadzirirwa mota dzevafambi, zvakaoma zvikuru kuwana mafuta akaderera kunze kweanogadzira, anodaro Pavel Mastalerek. - Mafuta akaderera-ash anoshandiswawo mumafuta erori, uye pano unogona kuwana synthetic, semi-synthetic uye kunyange mineral oiri.
Onawo: Kushanda kweGearbox - maitiro ekudzivirira kugadzirisa kunodhura
Panyaya yemotokari dzine gasi kuisa, pane mafuta pamusika ane mavara ane rondedzero kuti anogadziriswa kumotokari dzakadaro. Zvisinei, vagadziri vepasi rose havatauri zvakananga mafuta akadaro. Iyo parameter yezvigadzirwa zve peturu injini zvinobudirira kuita zvese zvinodiwa.
Chii chinonzi replenishment?
Litre yemafuta muhunde kuitira kuti ikwanise kukwirisa chiyero chayo muinjini yakakosha - kunyanya kana tichienda kunzira refu. Kuti tiwedzere mafuta, tinofanira kuva nemafuta akafanana neari mujini. Ruzivo nezve izvi runogona kuwanikwa mubhuku rebasa kana pabepa rakasiiwa nemakanika pasi pehodhi mushure mekuitsiva.
Iwe unogona zvakare kuverenga bhuku remuridzi wemota. Iyo parameter inoratidzwa ipapo: viscosity - semuenzaniso, SAE 5W-30, SAE 10W-40, mhando - semuenzaniso, ACEA A3 / B4, API SL / CF, VW 507.00, MB 229.51, BMW Longlife-01. Nekudaro, izvo zvinonyanya kudiwa zvatinofanira kutevedzera ndezvemhando uye viscosity zviyero zvinotsanangurwa nemugadziri.
Nekudaro, zvinogona kuitika kuti kuwedzera mafuta kunodiwa panguva yerwendo, uye mutyairi haazive kuti rudzii rwemafuta akazadzwa nemushandi. Sekureva kwaRafał Witkowski wekugovera mafuta KAZ, zvakanakisa kutenga zvakanakisa pazviteshi zvepeturu kana zvitoro zvemotokari. Zvadaro mukana wekuti izvi zvichawedzera kuipa kwemafuta mujini ichave yakaderera.
Pane imwe nzira yokubuda nayo. PaInternet, pane mawebhusaiti evagadziri vemafuta einjini, unogona kuwana injini dzekutsvaga dzinokutendera kuti usarudze mafuta emazana emhando dzemotokari.
Oiri shanduko
Isu tinofanirwa kutevedzera kurudziro yemugadziri maererano nekutsiva nguva. Izvi zvinoitwa pamwe chete nemafuta sefa, kazhinji gore rega rega kana mushure me10-20 zviuru zvemakiromita. km. Asi kune injini itsva, mileage inogona kazhinji yakareba - kusvika 30 10. km kana makore maviri. Zvisinei, zviri nani kuitamba zvakachengeteka uye kuchinja mafuta ose 15-XNUMX zviuru. km. Kunyanya mumotokari dzine turbocharger, iyo inoda mafuta akanaka.
Kuwedzerwa kazhinji kutsiva kunokurudzirwa zvakare mumotokari dzine magetsi egasi. Hupenyu hwemafuta hunofanira kunge hupfupi ne25 muzana. Chikonzero ndechekuti zvinowedzera mumafuta zvinopedzwa nekukurumidza, incl. nekuda kwekuvapo kwesarufa uye kupisa kwepamusoro kwekushanda.
Onawo: Kuiswa kwegasi - maitiro ekugadzirisa mota kuti ishande pane liquefied gasi - gwara
Yeuka kutarisa chiyero chemafuta nguva dzose - kamwe chete pamwedzi. Pasinei nokuti tine motokari yekare kana itsva.
Shanduko yemafuta inodhura yakatenderedza PLN 15, kunyangwe ichiwanzo mahara kana ukatenga oiri kubva kuchitoro chebasa. Inogona zvakare kudhura zvakanyanya kana mutengi achiunza ega mafuta. Iyo sefa inodhura anenge makumi matatu PLN.
Petr Valchak
