Kugara zvakadzika uye zvakadzika mucyberspace

Musiyano uripo pakati pecyberpace sezvataizviziva kwemakore uye itsva iri kungonyuka, kusanganisira nekutenda kukuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwechokwadi hwechokwadi, wakakura. Kusvika parizvino, kuti titore mukana wekuenderera mberi kwedhijitari, takangoishanyira kakawanda kana kushoma. Nenguva isipi isu tichanyudzwa zvizere mairi, uye pamwe kunyangwe kungoita nguva nenguva shanduko kubva kucyber world kuenda ku "nyika chaiyo" ...

Maererano nefuturist Ray Kurzweil, tinowanzogara muhafu yekutanga ye20s. shanda uye tamba munzvimbo chaiyo, rudzi rwekuona "total immersion". Mumakore makumi matatu, inoshanduka kuita kunyudzwa kunosanganisira ese manzwi, kusanganisira kubata uye kuravira.

Tumira kofi yako kuFacebook

Facebook iri kuvaka chivakwa chikuru nechinangwa chekuyamwa hupenyu hwedu hwese munyika yedhijitari. Iyo Parse chikuva inotaurwa semuenzaniso weichi chiitiko. Muna Kurume 2015, musangano weF8 wakaitwa, panguva iyo Facebook yakataura nezvezvirongwa zvayo zvekambani yaakawana makore maviri apfuura (1). Inosanganisira kupa seti yezvishandiso zvekuvandudza zvemidziyo kubva kuInternet Yezvinhu (IoT) chikamu, kureva, magajeti akabatana kunetiweki uye achidyidzana.

Iyi puratifomu yakagadzirirwa kubatanidza zvishandiso zvepamba zvakangwara kune zvinopfekwa uye zvese zvakatenderedza.

Nekuda kwechishandiso ichi, zvinogoneka, semuenzaniso, kugadzira yakangwara yekudiridza sisitimu inodzorwa nenharembozha, kana thermostat kana kamera yekuchengetedza inorekodha mafoto miniti yega yega, iyo yese inodzorwa newebhu application. Facebook yave kuda kuburitsa Parse SDK yeIoT pamapuratifomu matatu: Arduino Yun, Linux (paRaspberry Pi), uye chaiyo-nguva inoshanda masisitimu (RTOS).

Izvi zvinorevei mukuita? Icho chokwadi ndechekuti nenzira yakapusa - nekupinda mitsetse mishoma yekodhi - zviri nyore zvishandiso kubva munzvimbo yedu zvinogona kuve zvinhu digital chokwadi uye kubatana neInternet yezvinhu. Iyo zvakare inzira yekugadzira (VR), nekuti Parse inogona zvakare kushandiswa kudzora akasiyana siyana ekuona michina, makamera, maradhi, ayo isu tinogona kunyatsoongorora nzvimbo dziri kure kana dzakaoma-kusvika.

2. Mufananidzo wakagadzirwa muMagic Leap

Sekureva kwenyanzvi dzakawanda, mamwe mapuratifomu, kusanganisira Oculus Rift, anozovandudzawo munzira imwechete. Panzvimbo pekugumira kune nyika yemutambo kana bhaisikopo, magirazi akabatana anogona kuunza nyika yakatipoteredza muchokwadi chaicho. Uyu haungangove uri mutambo kubva kune vanogadzira mutambo. Uchave mutambo unogona kutambwa munzvimbo inosarudzwa nemushandisi. Izvi hazvisi nezve augmented reality (AR), kunyangwe yakaomesesa seMicrosoft's HoloLens kana Google's Magic Leap (2). Izvo hazvizove zvakanyanya augmented chokwadi sekuti hunhu hwakarungwa nehuchokwadi. Inyika yaunogona kutora kapu chaiyo yekofi yeFacebook wonwa ipapo.

Facebook yakabvuma kushanda pamaapplication anoshandisa chaiwo chaiwo, uye iyo Oculus kutenga chikamu chechirongwa chakakura. Chris Cox, Platform Product Manager, akataura nezve hurongwa hwekambani panguva yeCode/Media musangano. Virtual chaiyo ichave imwe yekuwedzera kune yakakurumbira social network inopa, uko multimedia zviwanikwa zvakaita semifananidzo nemavhidhiyo zvino zvinogona kugovaniswa, akadaro. Cox akatsanangura kuti VR ichave inonzwisisika yekuwedzera kweiyo sevhisi ruzivo rwevashandisi, iyo inogona kupa "pfungwa, mafoto nemavhidhiyo, uye neVR inogona kutumira mufananidzo wakakura."

Virtuality inozivikanwa uye isingazivikanwe

Mukutanga kwema80, William Gibson (3) ndiye akatanga kushandisa izwi iri mubhuku rake rinonzi Neuromancer. cyberspace. Akazvitsanangura sekuona kwakaungana pamwe chete nechimiro chemhando. Mushandisi wekombuta akabatanidzwa kwairi kuburikidza neural link. Nekuda kweizvi, inogona kuendeswa kune imwe nzvimbo yakagadzirwa nekombuta, iyo iyo data iri mukombuta yakapihwa muchimiro chekuona.

Ngatitorei nguva yekutarisa kuti varoti vaifungidzira sei chokwadi chaicho. Inogona kuderedzwa kusvika kune nzira nhatu dzekupinda muchokwadi chakasikwa chakagadzirwa. Yekutanga yadzo, inowanikwa kusvika parizvino muzvinyorwa zvekufungidzira (semuenzaniso, muNeuromancer yataurwa pamusoro), zvinoreva kunyudzwa kwakazara mu. cyberspace. Izvi zvinowanzowanikwa kuburikidza nekukurudzira uropi hwakananga. Ipapo ndipo chete munhu anogona kupihwa seti yekukurudzira, nepo achimunyima zvinokurudzira zvinobva munzvimbo yake chaiyo.

Izvi chete zvinokutendera kuti uzvinyudze zvizere muchokwadi chaicho. Iko hakuna mhinduro dzakadaro parizvino, asi basa pazviri rinoenderera. Brain interfaces parizvino ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzakasimba dzekutsvaga.

Nzira yechipiri yekuchinja kuenda kuVR, mune imwe nzira isina kukwana asi inokurumidza kubuda, iripo nhasi. Isu tinopa kurudziro yakakodzera kuburikidza nemuviri chaiwo. Mufananidzo unotumirwa kumaziso kuburikidza nemasikirini maviri akavanzwa mungowani kana magirazi.

Kupokana kwezvinhu kunogona kutevedzerwa uchishandisa midziyo yakakodzera yakavanzwa mugirovhosi kana mu sutu yese. Nemhinduro iyi, zvikurudziro zvakagadzirwa nemaoko zvinofukidza izvo zvinopihwa nenyika chaiyo. Nekudaro, isu tinogara tichiziva kuti izvo zvatinoona, kubata, kunhuwidza uye kunyange kuravira manyepo emakombuta. Kusanganisira saka, semuenzaniso, mumitambo isu tinonyanya kuvenga njodzi kupfuura dai chiri chokwadi.

Nzira yekupedzisira uye yakanyanyisa yekupinda cyberspace Ndihwo hupenyu hwemazuva ese nhasi.

IGoogle, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, uye makona ese einternet. Inogonawo kunge iri marudzi ese emitambo yatinotamba pakombuta neconsole. Kazhinji izvi zvinotitora zvakasimba, asi zvisinei, kukurudzira kunowanzoguma nemufananidzo uye inzwi. Isu hatina "kukomberedzwa" nenyika yemutambo uye hatiite mafambiro anotevedzera chokwadi. Kubata, kuravira uye kunhuwa hazvikurudzirwe.

Nekudaro, network inzvimbo nyowani, yakasikwa yevanhu. Nzvimbo yaanoda kujoina, iva chikamu chayo. Zviroto zve transhumanists saKurzweil hazvichaiti sekufungidzira kwakakwana kwavakanga vari, semuenzaniso, makumi maviri emakore apfuura. Munhu anorarama uye akanyudzwa mune tekinoroji munenge mune zvese zvehupenyu, uye network yekubatanidza dzimwe nguva inotiperekedza maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva. Chiratidzo chemufungi weBelgian Henri Van Lier, vol. nyika ye dialectical machinesizvo zvinorukwa zvakanyanyisa uye zvakatsiga zvekutaurirana network, zviri kuitika pamberi pemeso edu. Imwe yematanho ari munzira iyi ndeye iripo pasi rese komputa network - iyo Internet.

Zvinonakidza kuti chikamu chose chisiri chenyama chetsika dzevanhu chiri kuramba chichiwedzera, chakavharwa kubva pachokwadi chenyama. Muenzaniso ndewezvenhau, ane mameseji akapatsanurwa kubva pahwaro hwenyama. Zvemukati zvakakosha uye midhiya yakaita sebepa, redhiyo kana terevhizheni inogoneka chete asi kwete nzira dzinodikanwa.

Bvuma manzwiro ako ose

Mitambo yemavhidhiyo inogona kupindwa muropa kunyangwe isina yakanyanya VR michina. Nekudaro, munguva pfupi inotevera vatambi vanozokwanisa kunyura zvakadzika mukati menyika yechokwadi gameplay. Zvese nekuda kwemidziyo yakaita seOculus Rift. Nhanho inotevera midziyo inounza mafambiro edu echisikigo munyika chaiyo. Zvinoitika kuti mhinduro yakadaro yava pedyo. Zvese nekuda kweWizDish, mutongi anofambisa mafambiro etsoka dzedu kupinda munyika chaiyo. Hunhu hunofamba mairi chete kana isu - mune shangu dzakakosha - tichifamba neWizDish (4).

Zvinoita sezvisina kuitika kuti Microsoft yakatanga kutenga Minecraft ye2,5 bhiriyoni, ndokuzopa HoloLens magirazi. Avo vanoziva mutambo uye vanoziva mashandiro anoita AR Goggles kubva kuRedmond vanozonzwisisa nekukurumidza kugona kwemusanganiswa wakadaro (5). Ichi ndicho chokwadi pamwe nenyika yeMinecraft. Minecraft mutambo une zvinhu zvechokwadi. "Minecraft" pamwe nemimwe mitambo, pamwe neshamwari dzechokwadi. Mikana yacho inenge isingaperi.

Kune izvi tinowedzera zvimwe zvinokurudzira kune virtual world zvakatonyanya kufanana nezvokwadi. Masayendisiti kubva kuBritish University yeBristol akagadzira tekinoroji inodaidzwa kuti "kubata mumhepo", izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kunzwa pasi peminwe maumbirwo ezvinhu zvine mativi matatu-dimensional.

chikwereti virtual zvinhu vanofanira kupa fungidziro yekuti variko uye vari pasi peminwe, zvese nekuda kwekutarisisa kwemaultrasound (6). Tsanangudzo yetekinoroji yakaburitswa mupepanhau rakasarudzika "ACM Transactions paGraphics". Zvinotaridza kuti tactile sensations yakatenderedza chinhu chinoratidzwa mu3D inogadzirwa nezviuru zvevatauri vadiki vane projekiti system. Iyo sisitimu inoona nzvimbo yeruoko uye inopindura neyakakodzera ultrasonic pulse, inonzwa semanzwiro epamusoro pechinhu. Iyo tekinoroji inobvisa zvachose kudiwa kwekusangana kwemuviri nemudziyo. Vagadziri vayo vari kushandawo pakuunza kugona kunzwa shanduko muchimiro uye chinzvimbo chechinhu chaicho.

Inozivikanwa matekinoroji uye prototypes ye "virtual touch" inowanzoderedzwa kusvika kuchizvarwa chekuzunguzika kana mamwe masaini akareruka anonzwika pasi peminwe. Iyo Dexmo set (7), zvisinei, inotsanangurwa sekupa zvimwe - fungidziro yekuramba kubata pamusoro. Saka, mushandisi anofanira "chaizvo" kunzwa kubata kwechinhu chaicho. Kupokana neminwe ndeyechokwadi, sezvo exoskeleton ine yakaoma braking system yakavakirwa mukati mayo inovamisa panguva chaiyo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, nekuda kwesoftware nemabhureki, chigunwe chimwe nechimwe chinomira pane imwe nzvimbo yakati siyanei muchinhu chaicho, sekunge chakamira pamusoro pechinhu chaicho, sebhora.

5. HoloLens uye nyika chaiyo

7. Various Dexmo Glove Options

Zvakare, boka revadzidzi kubva kuRice University munguva pfupi yapfuura rakagadzira girovhosi inokubvumira "kubata" uye "kubata" zvinhu muchokwadi chaicho, ndiko kuti, mumhepo. Iyo Maoko Omni (8) girovhosi ichakubvumidza iwe kuti unzwe maumbirwo uye saizi, "mukubata" neiyo chaiyo nyika yezvinhu.

Ndatenda nemhinduro komputa nyikaiyo inoonekwa nemunhu mumichina yakakodzera uye nekunzwa kwakagadzirwa mumagurovhosi, kubata kwakaenzana neicho chaiko kunofanira kusikwa. Mupfungwa yemuviri, manzwiro aya anofanirwa kusangana nemhepo-yakazadzwa zvigunwe zveMaoko Omni girovhosi. Dhigirii rekuzadza ndiro rinokonzera kunzwa kwekuoma kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa. Chikwata chechidiki chekugadzira chiri kushanda pamwe nevagadziri veVirtuix Omni treadmill, iyo inoshandiswa "kufamba" muchokwadi chaicho. Iyo meshini yechishandiso inoshanda paArduino papuratifomu.

Kudzoreredza virtual sensory experiences Vanoenderera mberi vachiti: “Hechino chikwata chinotungamirirwa naHaruki Matsukura vekuTokyo University of Agriculture and Technology vakagadzira michina yekugadzira munhuwi. Kunhuhwirira kunoburitswa nemaruva kana kapu yekofi inoonekwa pachiratidziri inobva kumakapisi akazadzwa nejeli inonhuhwirira, ayo anofefeterwa uye anofuridzirwa pachiratidziro nevadiki mafeni.

Kuyerera kwemhepo inonhuhwirira kunogadziridzwa nenzira yekuti hwema "hunobuda" kubva kune zvikamu zvepa skrini panoonekwa chinhu chinonhuhwirira. Parizvino, muganhu wemhinduro ndiko kukwanisa kuburitsa hwema humwe chete panguva. Nekudaro, sekureva kwevagadziri veJapan, zvichakurumidza kugoneka kushandura kunhuhwirira capsules mumudziyo.

Kuputsa zvipingamupinyi

Vagadziri vanoenda mberi. Maonero echifananidzo achaita kuti zvive nyore uye kuvandudza kudarika kudiwa kwezvinodhura uye kwete nguva dzose zvakakwana optics uye kunyange kusakwana kweziso remunhu. Nokudaro, chirongwa chakazvarwa chinobvumira kunzwisisa musiyano we semantic pakati pemashoko okuti "ona" uye "ona". Magirazi echokwadi chaiwo, ayo ari kuwedzera uye akakurumbira nhasi, anokubvumira kuona mifananidzo. Zvichakadaro, chigadzirwa chinonzi Glyph, iyo yakasimbisa kwete chete Kickstarter crowdfunding platform, ichakubvumira kuti ungoona, nokuti mufananidzo kubva pairi unofanira kuratidzwa pakarepo pa retina - ndiko kuti, sezvatinonzwisisa, zvishoma zvichitsiva ziso. Nenzira isingadzivisiki, kushamwaridzana kunomuka neNeuromancer yambotaurwa, ndiko kuti, maonero echifananidzo zvakananga nehurongwa hwemagetsi.

9. Glyph - kuti inoshanda sei

Glyph yakagadzirirwa zvinopfuura zvekutamba chete. Zvinotarisirwa kushanda nema smartphones uye zvemagetsi zvevatengi zvakaita sevatambi vemavhidhiyo. Kune vatambi, ine musoro wekutevera nzira, yakavakirwa-mukati gyroscope uye accelerometer, kureva, "bionic" seti yechokwadi chaiyo. Iyo kambani iri kuseri kweGlypha, Avegant, inotaura kuti chifananidzo chinoratidzwa zvakananga pazasi peziso chichave chakapinza uye chakapinza. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvakakosha kumirira maonero evanachiremba, ophthalmologists uye neurologists - zvavanofunga pamusoro peiyi nzira.

Pakutanga, yakanzi, kunyanya, pamusoro pekunyudzwa kwete munyika chaiyo, asi, somuenzaniso, mumabhuku. Zvinoitika kuti basa riri kuenderera mberi pane tekinoroji iyo basa richave rekushandura zvinyorwa kuita mifananidzo ye3D.

Izvi ndizvo zviri kuyedza kuita chirongwa cheMUSE (Machine Understanding for Interactive StorytElling), icho chinotsanangurwa semuturikiri wezvinyorwa muchokwadi chaicho. Sezvo prof. Dr. Marie-Francine Moens weLeuven, mutungamiri wepurojekiti, anoti pfungwa yacho ndeyekushandura zviito, masangano uye zvinhu zviri mumagwaro muzviratidzo. Zvikamu zvakavandudzwa zvekugadzirisa mutauro we semantic wezvinyorwa zvakagadzirwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kucherechedzwa kwemabasa echirevo mumitsara (kureva "ndiani", "chii chinoitwa", "kupi", "rini", uye "sei"), hukama hwepakati pakati pezvinhu kana vanhu (kwavari), uye nguva yezviitiko. . .

Mhinduro yacho yakanangana nevana. MUSE yakagadzirirwa kuita kuti zvive nyore kwavari kudzidza kuverenga, kuvabatsira kukudziridza kufungidzira, uye pakupedzisira kunzwisisa zviri nani zvinyorwa. Pamusoro pezvo, inofanirwa kutsigira kuyeuka uye kumisikidzwa kwekubatana pakati pezvinyorwa (semuenzaniso, kana uchiverenga chinyorwa chakapihwa kune chaiyo sainzi kana biology).