Abrams yePoland - zano rakanaka?

Nguva nenguva, pfungwa yekutora M1 Abrams matangi kubva kune zvakasara zvemidziyo yeUS Armed Forces inodzokera kumauto ePoland ane zvombo. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, yakaonekwa zvakare mumamiriro ezvinhu ekudiwa kwekukurumidza kusimbisa kukwanisa kwePolish Armed Forces kune avo vanonzi. East wall. Mumufananidzo, iyo M1A1 tangi yeUS Marine Corps.

Kweanoda kusvika makumi maviri emakore, nyaya yekutora M1 Abrams MBT nemauto ePoland kubva kune yakasara yeUS Army yadzoka nguva nenguva. Mumavhiki apfuura, ruzivo rwakabuda, rusina pamutemo, rwekuti vezvematongerwo enyika vari kufunga zvakare mukana wakadai. Saka ngationgororei zvakaipira.

Sekureva kweArms Inspectorate, kutengwa kweM1 Abrams matangi, pamwe chete nekuvandudza kwavo kune imwe yemhando dziripo, ndeimwe yesarudzo dziri kutariswa sechikamu chekuongorora uye danho rekufungidzira rinoitwa pasi pechirongwa cheNew Main Tank. codenamed Wilk. Munguva yekukurukurirana kwehunyanzvi pakati pe2017 uye kutanga kwa2019, vashandi veIU vakasangana nevamiriri vemakambani akasiyana siyana nemasangano anogona kuve nechekuita mukuitwa kwechirongwa ichi. Hurukuro dzakaitwa na: Ośrodek Badawczo-Rozwojowe Urządzeń Mechanicznych “OBRUM” Sp. z oo, Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG (mugadziri wemuGermany weLeopard 2 aifanira kumiririrwa naWojskowe Zakłady Mechaniczne SA kubva kuPoznań), Rheinmetall Defense (inomiririrwa nebazi rekuPoland reRheinmetall Defense Polska Sp. Z oo), Hyundai Rotem Co Ltd. (inomiririrwa naH Cegielski Poznań SA), BAE Systems Hägglunds AB, General Dynamics European Land Systems (GDELS) uye US Army. Mapoinzi maviri ekupedzisira achatifadza, sezvo Mauto eUS angave ane mhosva yekuendesa mota kubva kune yakawandisa michina, uye GDELS ibazi reEuropean remugadziri Abrams - General Dynamics Land Systems (GDLS). Idzi ruzivo rwakasimbiswa zvishoma mubvunzurudzo naZbigniew Griglas, Mutevedzeri weMunyori weHurumende paMinistry of State Property, uyo anotarisira Dhipatimendi reKutarisira III, iro rinotarisira indasitiri yekudzivirira. Akataura kuti pakati pezvisarudzo zvekutenga matangi matsva emauto eGround Forces ndeaya: Turkey Altay, South Korean K2 (anogona kunge aireva "Central European" vhezheni yeK2PL / CZ, iyo ine. yakasimudzirwa kwemakore akati wandei - muchokwadi iyi tangi nyowani), iyo American "Abrams" uye mota, yakadanwa naGurukota Griglas "Italian tank" (Italy yakapa nyika dzinoverengeka, kusanganisira Poland, kusimudzira kwakabatana kwechizvarwa chitsva cheMBT. ) Zvinofadza kuti haana kutaura nezveFranco-German (ane mucherechedzi weBritish) Main Ground Combat System (MGCS) chirongwa.

Sekureva kwevatsigiri vekutenga kweAbrams, mota idzi dzaifanirwa kutsiva iyo isingachashandi T-72M/M1 (kunyangwe M1R yakakwidziridzwa kusvika kuM91R standard ine zvishoma zvekurwa kukosha), uye mune ramangwana, imwe yazvino PT-XNUMX.

Nekudaro, chinangwa chechinyorwa ichi hachisi chekukurukura mamenders echirongwa cheWilk, saka isu hatizonyura mune idzi nyaya zvakanyanya. Iwo matangi matsva ainyanya kutsiva iyo isingachashandi T-72M/M1/M1R uye PT-91 Twardy, uye mune ramangwana, yazvino, asiwo yakwegura Leopard 2PL/A5. Zvinoenderana neongororo yakaitwa panguva yekugadzirira Strategic Defense Ongororo 2016, Poland inofanirwa kutenga angangoita mazana masere echizvarwa matangi kubva kunenge 800, nenhengo dzeiyo panguva iyoyo hutungamiriri hweMinistry of National Defense inoratidza kuti zvingave zvinodiwa kutenga "diki". nhamba" yematangi ezvizvarwa zvazvino ari kukurumidza zvishoma. Izvi zvinogona kuve zvakakosha mumamiriro ehurombo hwakanyanya hwehunyanzvi mamiriro ezvikamu zvakarongwa kuti zvigadziriswe uye kugadziriswa kweT-2030M / M72 matangi. Zvisizvo, vanoti kubva pamotokari 1 dzainge dzakagadzirirwa basa, dzinenge zana dzinogona kunge dzisina pundutso. Nekudaro, pane gaka mune tekinoroji kune maviri matangi mabheti. Abramu “womurenje” akamuzadza?

Abrams kuPoland

Imwe yesarudzo inotariswa ku "chigamba" gap rehardware isati yaiswa Wilk tank inogona kunge iri kutengwa kweaimbova maAmerican M1 Abrams matangi (anogona kunge ari muM1A1 vhezheni kana nyowani nyowani, sezvo achikunda mumadhipatimendi emidziyo) uye kusimudzira kwavo kwakazotevera kune imwe yesarudzo dziri kushandiswa neUS Army. Mavhezheni eM1A1M, M1A1SA, kana mutsauko wakavakirwa paM1A2 (senge Moroccan kana Saudi ekunze M1A2M kana M1A2S) ari panjodzi. Iyo M1A2X inogoneka zvakare, sezvo kwenguva yakati mota yaienda kuTaiwan (ikozvino M1A2T) yakanyorwa, iyo inonzi yakaenzana neM1A2C yazvino (zvakare pasi pezita M1A2 SEP v.3). Mamiriro anogona kuitika kana sarudzo iyi yasarudzwa, pamwe kana iyo chete inogoneka, ingave kutengwa kweaimbova matangi eAmerica kubva pane zvakasara zvemauto eAmerica kana US Marine Corps (mazana emotokari akachengetwa mumayadhi akakura emadhipatimendi emidziyo, seSierra Army Depot) nekuvandudzwa kwavo kwakazotevera paJoint Systems Factory Manufacturing Center muLima, Ohio, yehurumende yeUS uye parizvino inoshandiswa neGDLS. Mauto eUS neUS National Guard vanotarisira kuve ne4000 M1A1 uye M1A2 matangi eakasiyana magadzirirwo musevhisi, ayo 1392 mota dzicharamba dziri muuto rehondo brigade kurwisa boka (ABST) (870 mugumi US Army ABSTs uye 522 mota). mumatanhatu ABCTs eUS National Guard) - mamwe ese anoshandiswa kudzidziswa, mothballed mumatura akapararira pasirese, nezvimwe. Aya matangi, nekuda kwezvikonzero zviri pachena, haana kutengeswa - muna 1980-1995, mauto eUnited States akagamuchira, maererano nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana, kubva ku8100 kusvika kunyange 9300 M1 matangi ekugadzirisa zvose, izvo zvinopfuura 1000 zvakatengeswa. Izvi zvinotevera kuti panogona kunge paine zviuru zvitatu kusvika zvina zvimedu mumatura eAmerica, mamwe acho, zvisinei, ndiyo yekare vhezheni yeM1 ine 105-mm M68A1 pfuti. Akanyanya kukosha maM1A1FEPs, ayo angangoita mazana mana asara "achifamba" kubva Marine Corps yakasiya mauto ehondo (ona WiT 400/12) - mauto eUS Marine Corps ane zvombo achabviswa gore risati rapera. Saka iwe unogona chaizvo kutenga chete M2020A1 mune akasiyana magadzirirwo. Zvino ngatitarisei Abrams pachake.