Adaptive cruise control (ACC): mudziyo, musimboti wekushanda uye mitemo yekushandisa mumugwagwa
Zviri mukati
Kuwedzera kunyaradza kwemota kunosanganisirawo kudzinga mutyairi weaya anotutuma mabasa ayo otomatiki anogona kutora. Kusanganisira kuchengetedza kumhanya. Midziyo yakadaro yave ichizivikanwa kwenguva yakareba, inonzi cruise controls.
Kubudirira kwemasisitimu akadaro kunobva kune nyore kuenda kune yakaoma, panguva ino ivo vatove vachikwanisa kuchinjika kune ekunze mamiriro, vagamuchira hunyanzvi hwakadai sehunyanzvi hwekuona uye kuongorora kwezvakatipoteredza.
Chii chinonzi adaptive cruise control uye chakasiyana sei nechakajairika
Iyo yakapfava yekudzora rwendo system yakaonekwa seimwezve kusimudzira kweanomhanyisa limiter, iyo isingabvumire mutyairi kudarika miganhu yayo inobvumirwa kana inonzwisisika.
Kuchinja kunonzwisisika mumuganhu kwaiva kuiswa kwebasa rekutonga, kana zvichibvira kwete kungodzima gasi kana chikumbaridzo chekukurumidza chichiiswa, asiwo kuchengetedza kukosha kwayo pazinga rakasarudzwa. Yakanga iri seti yemidziyo yakazozivikanwa seyekutanga cruise control.
Yakaonekwa kumashure mukupera kwe50s yezana remakore rechi20 pamotokari dzeAmerica, dzinozivikanwa nokuda kwekuda kwavo kukuru pakunyaradza kwevatyairi.
Midziyo yakagadziridzwa, yakave yakachipa, semhedzisiro, zvakave zvichikwanisika kushongedza masisitimu ekudzora kumhanya nemabasa ekuona zvipingamupinyi pamberi pemotokari.
Kuti uite izvi, unogona kushandisa locators anoshanda muakasiyana ma frequency renji emagetsi emagetsi. Masensore akakamurwa kuita ayo anoshanda pakakwirira kwazvo frequency ye infrared range, iyo IR lasers (lidars) yakashandiswa, pamwe neakaderera frequency echinyakare radar.
Nerubatsiro rwavo, sisitimu iyi yaigona kubata mota iri kumberi, semabatirwo anoita zvombo zvinokandwa nendege, uye kuona kumhanya kwayo, pamwe nedaro rekuenda kune yakananga.
Nokudaro, cruise control yakatanga kuva nehupfumi hwekugadzirisa kune nzvimbo yemotokari mumugwagwa, kuisa kukurumidza zvichienderana nemashoko akagamuchirwa uye zvigadziro zvekutanga zvakagadzirirwa nemutyairi.
Sarudzo iyi yainzi adaptive kana active cruise control (ACC), ichisimbisa muchiitiko chechipiri kuvepo kweayo emitter yemasaisai eredhiyo kana IR laser beam.
Ainoita
Iyo chinhambwe sensor kumotokari inotungamira inoramba ichiburitsa ruzivo nezve chinhambwe kuenda kune-bhodhi komputa, iyo zvakare inoverengera kumhanya kwayo, deceleration paramita uye kudzikisira kana kuwedzera chinhambwe.
Iyo data inoongororwa uye ichienzaniswa nemuenzaniso wemamiriro ezvinhu akachengetwa mundangariro, kusanganisira maparamendi emuganho wekumhanya wakaiswa nemutyairi.
Zvichienderana nemhedzisiro yebasa, mirairo inopiwa kune accelerator pedal drive kana zvakananga kune electromechanical throttle.
Mota inoteedzera chinhambwe chakapihwa nekuwedzera kana kudzikisira kumhanya, kana zvichidikanwa, uchishandisa brake system kuburikidza nezviridzwa uye masisitimu eiyo ABS masisitimu uye anoenderana nekudzikamisa mamodule, emergency braking uye vamwe vatyairi vabatsiri.
Masisitimu epamusoro-soro anokwanisa kupesvedzera chidhiraivho, kunyangwe izvi zvisingashande zvakananga kune cruise control.
Iyo yekumhanyisa control range ine huwandu hwekugumira:
- activation yemaitiro ekushanda kutanga kubva kune imwe yakaderera yekumhanyisa chikumbaridzo, iyo inoreva kutaridzika kune motaway;
- dzimwe nguva mapfupi-renji sensors anoshandiswa, anoshanda zvakanyanya mumaguta, kusvika kune traffic mumigwagwa yemigwagwa ine mapfupi anomira;
- iyo yepamusoro yekumhanyisa muganho inotarwa nemutyairi kana kuganhurwa nekugona kwemotokari nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza;
- kana chipingamupinyi chakagadziriswa chinopinda mumunda wekuona, semuenzaniso, motokari yakamira yakanga isati yamboteverwa, iyo hurongwa haizoiti nayo nenzira ipi zvayo;
- iyo yakareba kureba iyo radar inobata mutungamiri iri paavhareji 120-200 mamita.
Kana kutadza kukaonekwa mune chero masystem emotokari anosanganisirwa, cruise control inovharwa otomatiki.
Device
Iyo ACC sisitimu ine zvikamu zvayo uye zvishandiso, uye zvakare inoshandisa izvo zvatova mumotokari:
- ma radar kana lidars ekuona zvipingamupinyi zvine marenji akasiyana, nepo RF sensors inoshanda zvirinani mumamiriro ekuvharika kuoneka, kunaya kana mhute;
- accelerator pedal activator kana electronic throttle;
- microcomputer system control module;
- zviratidzo zvinonzwika uye chiedza, bhodhi remashoko uye push-button control panel;
- kutaurirana kunopindirana neABS uye ESP masisitimu;
- brake uye accelerator pedal sensors.
Hwaro hwechigadzirwa chirongwa chekutonga chine ese akaomarara algorithms eACC mumamiriro akasiyana.
Ndedzipi mota dzakashongedzerwa neACC
Parizvino, iyo ACC system inogona kuisirwa munenge chero mota sechisarudzo, kunyangwe ichiwanzo kuwanikwa muchikamu cheprimiyamu.
Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekudhura kwayo zvakanyanya. Seti yakanaka inodhura 100-150 zviuru rubles.
Imwe neimwe kambani yemotokari ine mazita ayo ekushambadzira eiyo yakafanana system ine diki shanduko mukutonga.
ACCs inogona kutumidzwa sechinyakare seAdaptive Cruise Control kana Active Cruise Control, kana zvakanyanya mumwe nemumwe, uchishandisa mazwi Radar, Kureba, kana kunyange Preview.
Kekutanga, sisitimu yakashandiswa pamotokari dzeMercedes pasi pezita rechiratidzo Distronic.
Maitiro ekushandisa adaptive cruise control
Kazhinji, ese ma ACC anodzora anoratidzwa pane inotungamira column switch mubato, iyo inomutsa sisitimu, inosarudza kumhanya, kureba, kudzoreredza cruise modhi mushure mekudzima otomatiki uye kugadzirisa ma paramita.
Zvinokwanisika kushandisa makiyi pane multifunction chidhiraivho.
Inenge yakarongeka yebasa:
- kwekutanga kugadzika kwekutanga paramita kuburikidza nemenu yemota ruzivo system, senge kugadzirisa kusimba kwekumhanyisa, nzira dzekudzora kure, nhanho dzekumhanya;
- inogonesa adaptive cruise control;
- mushure mekupinda mune yekutonga modhi, unogona kugadzirisa yaidiwa chinhambwe kana yakanyanya kumhanya;
- kana iwe wabuda mutemo modhi, unogona kutangazve ACC oparesheni.
Iyo system inogona kudzima kana zvimwe zviitiko zvikaitika:
- kudzvanya bhatani rekanzura;
- mutyairi asarudza giya risingarereki kana kudzvanya brake pedal;
- imwe yehurongwa hwekubatsira mutyairi mumamiriro ezvinhu akanyanyisa yakashanda;
- kwenguva pfupi - kana mutyairi akatsikirira accelerator, basa richatangazve mushure mekusunungura pedal;
- kumhanya kwepamusoro kana kukurumidza kweinjini kwasvikwa;
- kukanganisa kunowanikwa muhurongwa.
Paunenge uchishandisa ACC, panogona kunge paine mamiriro ezvinhu apo cruise control inogona kusashanda zvakakwana. Chinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndechekushaya chekuita kune chipingamupinyi chakagadzika chakangoerekana chaonekwa munzira.
Iyo sisitimu haicherechedze zvinhu zvakadaro, kunyangwe kana ichifamba nekumhanya isingapfuuri 10 km / h. Ibasa remutyairi kana masisitimu ekukurumidzira mabhureki, kana aripo, kutora matanho nekukurumidza mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.
Iyo ACC inogona kusashanda kana mota yangoerekana yapinda mumunda wayo wekuona. Mota dzinobva padivi hadzizoonekwewo. Zvipingamupinyi zvidiki-diki zvinogona kunge zviri mumutsetse, asi kwete kuwira mu radar yekutora danda.
Kana ichipfuura, mota inotanga kukwira kumhanya, asi zvishoma nezvishoma, mune iyi kesi, unofanirwa kudzvanya accelerator. Pakupera kwekupfuura, mutemo unozotangazve.
Mune traffic jam, kutevedza chinhambwe kunodzima otomatiki kana mota dzakamira dzakakwana.
Nguva yakatarwa ndeyemunhu pamotokari yega yega, asi mushure mekudzvanya gasi, iyo system inodzokera kubasa.
Kubatsira uye kuipa
Mukana mukuru kuburitsa zvishoma kwemutyairi kubva pakutonga panguva dzenzendo refu mumigwagwa, kusanganisira husiku, pamwe nekutyaira mune zvishoma nezvishoma zvinokambaira traffic jams.
Asi kusvika ikozvino, ACC masisitimu haana kukwana, saka pane akati wandei zvikanganiso:
- radar type sensor, uye kunyanya laser imwe, inowanzosvibiswa uye inokundikana isati yacheneswa;
- iyo sisitimu haipindure zvakanaka kune kamwe kamwe kuoneka zvipingamupinyi;
- Kuisa pfungwa kwemutyairi pakutyaira kunoderera nekufamba kwenguva muotomatiki modhi, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kune kunonoka kuita kune imwe nguva mamiriro ezvinhu;
- kune zviitiko zvine njodzi kana paine shanduko isingatarisirwe munzvimbo yakadzorwa yemotokari kubva mumitsara yakavakidzana;
- pane zvirambidzo paunenge uchityaira uchitevedza makoko emugwagwa, kutanga kubva kune imwe nzvimbo inotenderera;
- dzimwe nguva mota inogona kuerekana ichidzika nekuda kwekutadza kushanda kweradar, izvo zvine njodzi kana vatyairi vari kumashure vasingachengete chinhambwe.
Muzhinji, iyo sisitimu iri nyore, uye vatyairi vanokurumidza kujaira, mushure mezvo, vatochinja kune imwe mota, vanotanga kunzwa kusagadzikana kubva pakusavapo kwayo.
Izvi zvinogona kuitika sezvo vamwe vese vabatsiri vekutyaira vakazvimiririra vanounzwa, mushure mezvo kupindira kwemutyairi kunozotemwa zvakanyanya nemitambo kwete zvekufambisa.
