otomatiki kutapurirana - otomatiki kutapurirana
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otomatiki kutapurirana - otomatiki kutapurirana

28.06.2022 /

Iyo otomatiki giya bhokisi (otomatiki transmission) inosarudza giya reshiyo pasina kubatanidzwa kwemutyairi - mune yakazara otomatiki modhi. Chinangwa chebhokisi "otomatiki" chakafanana neicho che "mechanics". Basa rayo guru nderekugamuchira, kushandura uye kuendesa masimba ekutenderera einjini kumavhiri ekutyaira emotokari.

Asi iyo "otomatiki" yakanyanya kuomarara kupfuura "mechanics". Inosanganisira node dzinotevera:

  • torque converter - inopa zvakananga kutendeuka uye kutapurirana kwenhamba yekuchinja;
  • planetary gear mechanism - inodzora torque inoshandura;
  • hydraulic control system - inoronga mashandiro egungano regiya repasi.

otomatiki kutapurirana - otomatiki kutapurirana

Maererano nenyanzvi dzeFavorit Motors Group of Companies, nhasi chikamu chekutengesa kwemotokari dzine otomatiki kutapurirana munharaunda yeMoscow inenge 80%. Mota dzine otomatiki transmission dzinoda yakasarudzika nzira uye kutarisisa, kunyangwe ivo vachipa yakanyanya kunyaradza panguva yekukwira.

Nheyo yekushanda kweiyo automatic transmission

Kushanda kwebhokisi re "otomatiki" kunoenderana zvachose neinoshandura torque, bhokisi remapuraneti uye akati wandei zvishandiso zvinokutendera iwe kudzora giya bhokisi. Kuti unyatso kutsanangura musimboti wekushandisa otomatiki kutapurirana, iwe unozofanirwa kuongorora mukushanda kweimwe neimwe yeaya masystem.

Iyo torque inoshandura inotumira torque kumusangano wepuraneti. Inoita mabasa ezvose clutch uye fluid coupling. Zvimiro, dhizaini yepuraneti ine maviri-akawanda-bladed impellers (pombi uye turbine vhiri), iyo inowanikwa imwe yakatarisana neimwe. Zvose mapellers akavharirwa mune imwe imba uye mafuta anodururwa pakati pavo.

otomatiki kutapurirana - otomatiki kutapurirana

Ivhiri returbine rakabatana negiya repasi kuburikidza neshaft. Iyo impeller inosungirirwa zvakasimba kune flywheel. Mushure mekutanga simba remagetsi, iyo flywheel inotanga kutenderera uye inotyaira pombi impeller. Mashizha ayo anotora mvura inoshanda uye anoidzosera kune mablades e turbine impeller, zvichiita kuti itenderere. Kudzivirira mafuta kuti asadzoke, reactor ine bladed inoiswa pakati pemapombi maviri. Iyo inogadzirisa kutungamira kwekupihwa kweoiri uye kuyerera density nekuyananisa kumhanya kweaviri ma impellers. Pakutanga, reactor haifambi, asi nokukurumidza kana kumhanya kwemavhiri kwakaenzana, inotanga kutenderera panguva imwechete. Iyi ndiyo link point.

Iyo gearbox ine zvinotevera zvikamu:

  • midziyo yemapuraneti;
  • maclutches uye mabhureki zvishandiso;
  • mabrake elements.

Chigadzirwa chepuraneti chine chimiro chinoenderana nezita rayo. Igiya ("zuva") riri mukati me "mutakuri". Satellite akasungirirwa kune "mutakuri", panguva yekutenderera vanobata mhete giya. Uye maclutches ane chimiro che discs akapindirana nemahwendefa. Vamwe vavo vanotenderera synchronously ne shaft, uye vamwe - kune rimwe divi.

Band brake ndiro ndiro inovhara imwe yemidziyo yemapuraneti. Basa rayo rinobatanidzwa ne hydraulic actuator. Iyo yepuraneti gearbox control system inogadzirisa kuyerera kwemvura inoshanda nekubhuraki kana kuburitsa zvinhu zvekutenderera, nekudaro kugadzirisa mutoro pamavhiri.

Sezvauri kuona, iro simba remota rinofambiswa kuburikidza nemvura kugungano regiya bhokisi. Naizvozvo, kunaka kweoiri kunoita basa rakakosha mukushanda kweotomatiki transmissions.

Automatic transmission operating modes

Anenge ese marudzi eautomatic transmissions nhasi ane mamwe maitiro ekushandisa sehafu yezana ramakore rapfuura, pasina shanduko huru.

Kutumira otomatiki kunoitwa zvinoenderana neanotevera zviyero:

  • N - inosanganisira nzvimbo isina kwayakarerekera;
  • D - kuenda mberi, nepo zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemutyairi, anenge ese matanho e-high-speed modes anoshandiswa;
  • P - kupaka, inoshandiswa kuvhara vhiri rekutyaira (iyo yekuvharira kuisirwa iri mubhokisi pachayo uye haina nzira yakabatana neyekumisa mabhureki);
  • R - reverse movement inoshandurwa;
  • L (kana yakashongedzerwa) - inokutendera kuti uchinje kune yakaderera giya kuti uwedzere injini traction paunenge uchityaira mumamiriro akaoma emugwagwa.

Nhasi, iyo PRNDL dhizaini inoonekwa seyakajairwa kushandiswa. Yakatanga kuoneka pamota dzeFord uye yave kushandiswa seyakanyanya nyore uye inoshanda yekuchinja giya modhi pamota dzese pasirese.

Pane mamwe emazuva ano auto transmissions, mamwe ekutyaira modhi anogona zvakare kuiswa:

  • OD - overdrive, inoratidzwa nekuti inoderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta muhupfumi hwekutyaira modhi;
  • D3 - inokurudzirwa paunenge uchityaira uchitenderera neguta nekumhanya kwepakati, sezvo nguva dzose "gasi-mabhureki" pamarobhoti uye vanofamba netsoka vanowanzovharira maclutches mune torque inoshandura;
  • S - modhi yekushandisa yakaderera magiya munguva yechando.

Zvakanakira kushandisa AKCP muRussia

Mukana mukuru wemotokari dzakashongedzerwa otomatiki kutapurirana inogona kutariswa kuve nyore kwekushanda kwavo. Mutyairi haadi kutsauswa nekuramba achichinja-chinja, sezvinoitika mubhokisi rebhuku. Uye zvakare, hupenyu hwesevhisi yesimba remagetsi pachayo hunowedzera zvakanyanya, nekuti panguva yekushanda kweiyo otomatiki kutapurirana, modhi yekuwedzera mitoro inobviswa.

Bhokisi re "otomatiki" rinoshandiswa zvakaenzana mukushongedza mota dzemhando dzakasiyana.

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