Antifreeze G12, maitiro ayo uye mutsauko kubva kune antifreezes emamwe makirasi

Antifreeze - inotonhorera yakavakirwa pa ethylene kana propylene glycol, yakashandurwa kuti "Antifreeze", kubva kune yepasirese Chirungu, se "isina kutonhora". Class G12 antifreeze yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa pamotokari kubva 96 kusvika 2001, motokari dzemazuva ano dzinowanzoshandisa 12+, 12 plus plus kana g13 antifreezes.

"Kiyi yekushanda kwakagadzikana kweiyo inotonhora system ndeyemhando yepamusoro antifreeze"

Chii chinonzi G12 antifreeze

Antifreeze nekirasi G12 inowanzoita tsvuku kana pink, uye zvakare, kana ichienzaniswa neantifreeze kana antifreeze G11, ine nguva refu. hupenyu hwebasa - kubva pa4 kusvika kumakore mashanu. G12 haina silicates mukuumbwa kwayo, inobva pa: ethylene glycol uye carboxylate compounds. Kutenda kune yekuwedzera pasuru, pamusoro mukati me block kana radiator, kugadzika kwekuora kunoitika chete painodiwa, ichigadzira inopokana micro firimu. Kazhinji rudzi urwu rwe antifreeze runodururwa mumhepo inotonhorera ye-high-speed mukati mejini dzinopisa. Sanganisa antifreeze g12 uye inotonhorera yeimwe kirasi - zvisingagamuchiriki.

Asi ane imwe hombe minus - G12 antifreeze inotanga kuita chete kana nzvimbo yekuora yatoonekwa. Kunyange zvazvo chiito ichi chinobvisa kuonekwa kwechidziviriro chekudzivirira uye kudurura kwayo nokukurumidza semugumisiro wekudengenyeka uye kuchinja kwekushisa, izvo zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuvandudza kupisa kwekushisa uye kushandiswa kwenguva refu.

Hunhu hwehunyanzvi hunhu hwekirasi G12

Inomiririra homogeneous transparent fluid isina mechanical tsvina yeruvara rutsvuku kana rwepingi. G12 antifreeze is ethylene glycol pamwe nekuwedzera kwe2 kana kupfuura carboxylic acids, haigadziri firimu inodzivirira, asi inokanganisa nzvimbo dzakatogadzirwa kare. Kuwanda kuri 1,065 - 1,085 g/cm3 (pa20°C). Nzvimbo yechando iri mukati me50 madhigirii pasi paziro, uye nzvimbo yekubikira inenge +118°C. Mamiriro ekupisa anoenderana nehuwandu hwepolyhydric alcohols (ethylene glycol kana propylene glycol). Kazhinji, chikamu chewaini yakadaro mu antifreeze ndeye 50-60%, iyo inokubvumira kuti uwane kushanda kwakakwana. Yakachena, isina chero tsvina, ethylene glycol imvura ine viscous uye isina ruvara ine density ye1114 kg / m3 uye inofashaira ye197 ° C, uye inotonhora pa13 ° C maminetsi. Nokudaro, dhayi inowedzerwa kune antifreeze kuitira kuti ipe humwe humwe uye kuoneka kukuru kwehuwandu hwemvura mutangi. Ethylene glycol ndiyo yakasimba kwazvo chepfu yechikafu, mhedzisiro yacho inogona kuderedzwa nedoro rakajairika.

Rangarira kuti chinotonhodza chinouraya muviri. Nokuda kwechiitiko chinouraya, 100-200 g ye ethylene glycol ichave yakakwana. Nokudaro, antifreeze inofanira kuvanzwa kubva kuvana sezvinobvira, nokuti muvara wakajeka unoratidzika sechinwiwa chinotapira unofadza zvikuru kwavari.

Chii chinonzi G12 antifreeze inosanganisira

Kuumbwa kweiyo antifreeze class G12 concentrate inosanganisira:

• dihydric doro ethylene glycol inenge 90% yehuwandu hwehuwandu hunodiwa kudzivirira kutonhora;
• mvura yakasviba, vanenge vashanu muzana;
• dhayi (ruvara runowanzo ratidza kirasi yekutonhodza, asi panogona kunge paine kunze);
• additive package zvishoma ne5 muzana, sezvo ethylene glycol ine hukasha kune asiri-ferrous simbi, akati wandei marudzi efosfate kana carboxylate additives based on organic acids anowedzerwa kwairi, achiita se inhibitor, achivabvumira kuita neutralize the negative impact. Antifreezes ane seti yakasiyana yezvinowedzera vanoita basa ravo nenzira dzakasiyana, uye kusiyana kwavo kukuru kune nzira dzekurwisana nekuora.

Kuwedzera kune corrosion inhibitors, seti yezvinowedzera muG12 inotonhorera inosanganisira zvinowedzera nezvimwe zvinodiwa. Semuenzaniso, iyo inotonhorera inofanira kunge iine anti-foaming, lubricating properties uye zvinyorwa zvinodzivirira kutaridzika kwechiyero.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peG12 neG11, G12+ neG13

Mhando huru dzeantifreezes, dzakadai seG11, G12 uye G13, dzinosiyana mumhando yezvinyorwa zvinoshandiswa: organic uye inorganic.

Ruzivo rwese nezve antifreezes, ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pawo uye maitiro ekusarudza yakanaka inotonhorera

Kutonhora kirasi G11 mvura ye inorganic mavambo nediki diki rekuwedzera, kuvapo kwephosphates uye nitrate. Antifreeze yakadaro yakagadzirwa uchishandisa silicate tekinoroji. Silicate additives inovhara mukati mukati megadziriro nechisungo chekudzivirira chinoramba chiripo, pasinei nekuvapo kwenzvimbo dzakaora. Kunyangwe iyo layer yakadaro inodzivirira nzvimbo dzagara dziripo dzekuora kubva pakuparadzwa. Antifreeze yakadaro ine kugadzikana kwakadzika, kushata kwekutamisa kupisa uye hupenyu hupfupi hwesevhisi, mushure mezvo inonaya, ichigadzira abrasive uye nekudaro ichikuvadza zvinhu zveinotonhora system.

Nekuda kwekuti G11 antifreeze inogadzira dhizaini yakafanana nechiyero muketero, haina kukodzera kutonhora mota dzemazuva ano dzine ma radiator ane mitsetse yakatetepa. Mukuwedzera, iyo yekubikira yekutonhora kwakadaro ndeye 105 ° C, uye hupenyu hwebasa hahupfuuri makore maviri kana 2-50 zviuru zvemakiromita. run.

Kazhinji G11 antifreeze inoshanduka kuita green kana mavara ebhuruu. Iyi inotonhorera inoshandiswa yemotokari dzakagadzirwa pamberi pa1996 gore uye motokari ine vhoriyamu yakakura yekutonhora system.

G11 haina kunyatsokodzera aluminium heatsinks uye zvivharo sezvo zvinowedzera zvisingakwanise kudzivirira simbi iyi pakupisa kwakanyanya.

MuEurope, iyo ine chiremera chakanangana nemakirasi ekudzivirira kutonhora ndeye Volkswagen kunetseka, saka, inoenderana VW TL 774-C yekumaka inopa kushandiswa kwema inorganic additives mu antifreeze uye yakasarudzwa G 11. Iyo VW TL 774-D yakatarwa inopa iyo kuvapo kwe organic-based carboxylic acid additives uye yakanyorwa seG 12. VW mitemo TL 774-F uye VW TL 774-G inoratidzirwa nekirasi G12 + uye G12 ++, uye iyo yakaoma uye inodhura G13 antifreeze inotungamirirwa ne VW TL 774-J chiyero. Kunyangwe vamwe vagadziri vakaita seFord kana Toyota vane yavo yemhando zviyero. Nenzira, hapana mutsauko pakati peantifreeze uye antifreeze. Tosol ndeimwe yemhando dzeRussia mineral antifreeze, iyo isina kugadzirirwa kushanda mumainjini ane aluminium block.

Izvo hazvigoneke zvachose kusanganisa organic uye inorganic antifreezes, sezvo coagulation process ichaitika uye nekudaro mvura ichaonekwa muchimiro cheflakes!

A liquid mamakisi G12, G12+ uye G13 mhando dze organic antifreeze "Hupenyu Hurefu". Inoshandiswa mukutonhodza masisitimu emotokari dzemazuva ano yakagadzirwa kubvira 1996 G12 uye G12 + yakavakirwa pa ethylene glycol asi chete G12 plus inosanganisira kushandiswa kweiyo hybrid tekinoroji kugadzirwa umo silicate tekinoroji yakasanganiswa necarboxylate tekinoroji. Muna 2008, kirasi yeG12 ++ yakaonekwawo, mumvura yakadaro, organic base inosanganiswa nehuwandu hushoma hwezvicherwa zvekuwedzera (zvinonzi. lobrid Lobrid kana SOAT inotonhorera). Mune hybrid antifreezes, organic additives inosanganiswa neinorganic additives (silicates, nitrites uye phosphates inogona kushandiswa). Musanganiswa wakadaro wetekinoroji wakaita kuti zvibvire kubvisa iyo main drawback yeG12 antifreeze - kwete kungobvisa ngura kana yatoonekwa, asiwo kuita chiito chekudzivirira.

G12 +, kusiyana neG12 kana G13, inogona kusanganiswa neG11 kana G12 yekirasi yemvura, asi zvakadaro "musanganiswa" wakadaro haukurudzirwi.

Kutonhora kirasi G13 fluid yakagadzirwa kubva 2012 uye yakagadzirwa yeinjini ICEs inoshanda mumamiriro akanyanya. Kubva pane tekinoroji yekuona, haina misiyano kubva kuG12, mutsauko chete ndiwo yakagadzirwa nepropylene glycol, iyo isina chepfu shoma, inoora nokukurumidza, zvinoreva zvinokonzera kukanganisa kushoma kune zvakatipoteredza painoraswa uye mutengo wayo wakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura G12 antifreeze. Yakagadzirwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekuvandudza mazinga ezvakatipoteredza. G13 antifreeze inowanzova yepepuru kana yepinki, kunyange zvazvo muchokwadi inogona kupendwa mune chero ruvara, sezvo ingori dhayi iyo maitiro ayo asingatsamiri, vagadziri vakasiyana vanogona kugadzira zvinotonhorera zvine mavara akasiyana uye mumvuri.

Musiyano mukuita kwecarboxylate uye silicate antifreeze

G12 antifreeze kuenderana

Zvinoita here kusanganisa antifreezes emakirasi akasiyana uye akasiyana mavara echido kune vashoma vasina ruzivo varidzi vemotokari vakatenga yakashandiswa mota uye vasingazive kuti ndeipi mhando yekutonhorera yakazadzwa mutangi rekuwedzera.

Kana iwe uchingoda kuwedzera antifreeze, saka iwe unofanirwa kuziva chaizvo izvo zvino kudururwa muhurongwa, zvikasadaro iwe uri panjodzi yekuwana kugadzirisa kwete chete kutonhora system, asiwo kugadzirisa kweiyo unit yese. Inokurudzirwa kubvisa zvachose mvura yekare uye kuzadza imwe itsva.

Sezvatakamboita kare, ruvara haruna kukanganisa pfuma, uye vagadziri vakasiyana vanogona kupenda mumarudzi akasiyana, asi zvakadaro zvakafanana kune tsika dzinogamuchirwa. Maantifreeze anonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeyegirini, bhuruu, tsvuku, pink uye orenji. Mimwe mwero inogona kudzora kushandiswa kwezvinwiwa zvemhando dzakasiyana siyana, asi ruvara rweantifreeze ndiyo yekupedzisira chiyero chinofanira kutariswa. Kunyangwe kazhinji green inoshandiswa kuratidza mvura yekirasi yakaderera G11 (silicate). Saka ngatiti sanganisa antifreeze G12 tsvuku uye pink (carboxylate) inobvumirwa, pamwe chete ne-organic-based antifreezes kana chete inorganic-based fluid, asi iwe unofanirwa kuziva izvozvo. kubva kune vakasiyana vagadziri "inotonhorera" inogona kuva ne zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuwedzera uye chem. uyezve, maitiro ayo asingagoni kufungidzira! Kusapindirana kwakadaro kweG12 antifreeze kuri pamukana wakakura wekuti mhinduro inogona kuitika pakati pezvinowedzera zvinosanganisirwa mukuumbwa kwavo, izvo zvinozoperekedzwa nekunaya kwemvura kana kuderera kwehunyanzvi hunhu hweinotonhorera.

Naizvozvo, kana iwe uchida kuchengetedza injini yekupisa yemukati ichishanda, zadza antifreeze yemhando imwe chete uye kirasi, kana kuburitsa zvachose mvura yekare uye tsiva neyaunoziva. diki kuwedzera pamusoro pemvura inogona kuitwa nemvura yakasvibiswa.

Kana iwe uchida kushandura kubva kune imwe kirasi yeantifreeze kuenda kune imwe, saka iwe unofanirwawo kutsvaira iyo yekutonhora system usati waitsiva.

Ndeipi antifreeze yekusarudza

Kana mubvunzo une chekuita nekusarudzwa kweantifreeze, kwete chete nemuvara, asiwo nekirasi, ipapo inokurudzirwa kushandisa iyo iyo mugadziri anoratidza pane tangi yekuwedzera kana zvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi zvemotokari. Sezvo, kana mhangura kana mhangura yakashandiswa mukugadzira radiator inotonhorera (yakaiswa pamotokari dzakwegura), saka kushandiswa kwe organic antifreezes hakudiwi.

Antifreezes inogona kuva yemhando mbiri: yakanyungudutswa uye yakatocheneswa pafekitari. Pakutanga kuona, zvingaita sokuti hapana mutsauko mukuru, uye vatyairi vakawanda vanorayira kutora pfungwa, uye wozoideredza nemvura yakasvibiswa iwe pachako, chete muchiyero (2 kusvika 1 yemamiriro edu ekunze), uchitsanangura izvi nokutaura kuti iwe. Kudurura kwete manyepo, asi zvinosuruvarisa, kutora iyo concentrate haina kunyatso kurongeka. Kwete chete nekuti kusanganisa pachirimwa kwakanyatsojeka, asiwo nekuti mvura iri pachirimwa inosefa pamwero wemolecular uye yakasvibiswa, inoita seyakasviba pakuenzanisa, saka gare gare izvi zvinogona kukanganisa kutaridzika kwemadhipoziti.

Hazvibviri zvachose kushandisa iyo concentrate mune yayo yakachena undiluted fomu, nekuti pachayo inotonhora pa -12 madhigirii.

Maitiro ekudzikisa antifreeze inotsanangurwa netafura:

Nzira yekudzikisa sei antifreeze concentrate

Kana munhu anofarira mota, pakusarudza kuti ndeipi antifreeze iri nani kuzadza, inongotarisa chete pane ruvara (girinhi, bhuruu kana tsvuku), izvo zviri pachena kuti hazvina kunaka, saka tinogona kungopa zano izvi:

• mumotokari ine mhangura kana ndarira radiator ine cast-iron blocks, yakasvibira, yebhuruu antifreeze kana antifreeze (G11) inodururwa;
• mune aluminium radiators uye injini zvidhinha zvemotokari dzemazuva ano, vanodurura tsvuku, orenji antifreeze (G12, G12 +);
• yekuwedzera, kana vasingazive kuti chii chaizvo chakanyatsozadzwa, vanoshandisa G12 + uye G12 ++.

Musiyano uripo pakati pekutsvuka, girini uye bhuruu antifreeze

Paunosarudza antifreeze, teerera kune zvingaite:

• pakanga pasina dope pasi;
• kurongedza kwaive kwemhando yepamusoro uye pasina zvikanganiso pane iyo label;
• pakanga pasina kunhuhwirira kwakasimba;
• pH kukosha yakanga isiri pasi pe7,4-7,5;
• kukosha kwemusika.

Kutsiviwa kwakakodzera kweantifreeze kunoenderana zvakananga nehunyanzvi hunhu hwemotokari, pamwe nemamwe maratidziro, uye mumwe nemumwe anogadzira mota ane yake.

Paunenge watosarudza yakanakisa antifreeze sarudzo, saka nguva nenguva iva nechokwadi chekutarisa ruvara rwayo uye mamiriro. Kana ruvara rwachinja zvakanyanya, izvi zvinoratidza matambudziko muCO kana kuratidza yakaderera-mhando antifreeze. Kuchinja kwemavara kunoitika kana antifreeze yarasa zvidziviriro zvayo, zvino inofanira kutsiviwa.