AUSA Global Force 2018 - nezve ramangwana reUS Army
Zvichida izvi ndizvo tangi yakavakirwa paNGCV, mutsivi weAbrams, ichaita senge.
Iyo AUSA Global Force Symposium yakaitirwa paVon Braun Center muHuntsville, Alabama Kurume 26-28. Chinangwa chemurongi wechiitiko ichi chepagore ndechekuratidza gwara rekusimudzira kweUS Army uye pfungwa dzine hukama. Gore rino misoro mikuru yaive mota dzekurwa dzisina kurongeka uye artillery.
Yakavambwa muna 1950, AUSA (United States Army Association) isangano risiri rehurumende rakazvipira kupa rutsigiro rwakasiyana kuUS Army, yakanangana nemasoja nevashandi vehurumende, pamwe nevezvematongerwo enyika nevamiriri veindasitiri yekudzivirira. Mabasa emitemo anosanganisira: zviitiko zvekudzidzisa (zvinoreva uye chimiro chehondo yepasi yemazuva ano mumamiriro emabasa eUS Army), ruzivo (kuparadzira ruzivo nezveUS Army) uye kutaurirana (pakati peUS Army nenharaunda yese. ) uye US state). 121 masangano, zvakare ari kunze kweUnited States, anopa $5 miriyoni pagore kumibairo, kudzidza, uye rutsigiro rwemasoja nemhuri dzavo. Hunhu hunosimudzirwa nesangano ndeiyi: hunyanzvi, hunyanzvi, kuvimbika, kuterera, kutsvaga kugona, uye kubatana pakati pemauto eUS nevamwe vese veAmerica. AUSA Global Force ndomumwe wemikana yekuparadzira ruzivo rwakadai, kusanganisira nezveUS Army, ine tarisiro yakakosha pamafambisirwo ebudiriro mukupindura mabasa akapihwa varwi vayo. Nzvimbo iyi haina kuitika - kusiri kure neHuntsville kune 909 mapazi emabhizinesi akasiyana siyana anobatanidzwa muzvirongwa zvekudzivirira zvakakosha 5,6 bhiriyoni emadhora. Dingindira rechirongwa chegore rino raiti "Modernizing and Equipping the American Army Today and Tomorrow."
Makuru matanhatu (uye imwe)
Remangwana reUS Army rakasungirirwa zvakasimba kune inonzi Big Six plus One (chaizvoizvo Big 6+1). Uku ndiko kutaura kwakajeka kuAmerican "big five" (Big 5) yekutendeuka kwe70s uye 80s, iyo yaisanganisira: tangi nyowani (M1 Abrams), mota nyowani yekurwa yevacheche (M2 Bradley), itsva yakawanda- chinangwa helikopta (UH-60 Black Hawk), itsva kurwisa helicopter (AH-64 Apache) uye Patriot anti-aircraft missile system. Nhasi, iyo Big Six ine: mhuri yezvikopokopo zvitsva (Future Vertical Lift), mota nyowani dzekurwisa (kunyanya iyo AMPV, NGCV / FT uye MPF zvirongwa), kudzivirira kwemhepo, kudzora kwenhandare yehondo (kunyanya panguva dzemisheni dzekunze, kusanganisira zvemagetsi nehondo. mucyberspace) uye inozvimiririra uye inodzorwa kure. Vose zvavo vanofanira kushandira pamwe mukati megadziriro yezvinonzi. Multi-domain kurwa, ndiko kuti, kushandiswa kweakasanganiswa masimba ekufambisa kugadzira mukana wenguva pfupi munzvimbo dzinoverengeka kutora, kuchengetedza uye kushandisa danho. Uyo anotaurwa nezvake mune izvi zvose aripi? Pasinei nekufambira mberi mune zvemagetsi, kutaurirana, firepower, zvombo, uye kufamba, musimboti wemauto epasi achiri musoja: hunyanzvi hwavo, midziyo, uye tsika. Idzi ndidzo nzvimbo huru dzekufarira kune vanoronga veAmerica, uye vane hukama navo, akakosha emazuva ano zvirongwa zveUS Army munguva pfupi uye refu kwazvo. Pasinei netsanangudzo ye "mepu yemumugwagwa" yeUS Army makore akati wandei apfuura (semuenzaniso, iyo 2014 Combat Vehicle Modernization Strategy), kuvakwa kwe "nzira" pachayo haisati yapera, sezvazvichakurukurwa pazasi.
Kuti unyatso maneja mapurojekiti eBig Six, muna Gumiguru 3, 2017, murairo mutsva une zita rinorevesa, Ramangwana Command, wakagadzirwa muUS Army. Iyo yakakamurwa kuita matanhatu interdisciplinary CFT (Cross Functional Team) mapoka anoshanda. Mumwe nemumwe wavo, achitungamirirwa nemukuru ane chinzvimbo cheBrigadier General (ane ruzivo rwekurwa), anosanganisira nyanzvi mune dzakasiyana siyana. Kuumbwa kwechikwata kwaizopedzwa mumazuva zana nemakumi maviri kubva muna Gumiguru 120, 9. Kutenda kuCFT, iyo US Army yemazuva ano maitiro anofanirwa kukurumidza, akachipa uye anochinjika. Parizvino, basa reCFT rinongogumira pakuunganidzwa kwe "mazita ezvishuwo" akakosha kune imwe neimwe yenzvimbo huru dzekuvandudzwa kweUS Army. Ivo zvakare, zvinobvumwa, pamwe chete nemasangano echinyakare akadai seTRADOC (US Army Training and Doctrine Command) kana ATEC (US Army Test and Evaluation Command), ane basa rekuitisa bvunzo dzezvombo. Zvisinei, nekufamba kwenguva, kukosha kwavo kunogona kuwedzera, izvo zvinowanzoenderana nemigumisiro yebasa ravo.
Mota dzekurwisa dzisina kurongeka - ramangwana nhasi kana kuswera mangwana?
Iyo NGCV chirongwa (angangove mutsivi weBMP M2, achitsiva iyo GCV neFFV zvirongwa, zvichiteerana) uye ane hukama ne "unmanned wingman" akakosha zvakanyanya mukusimudzira mota dzehondo dzeUS. Munguva yepaneru pamisoro yakakurukurwa pano panguva yeAUSA Global Force 2018, Gen. Brig. David Lesperance, ane mutoro wekuvandudza mapuratifomu matsva euto reUS (mutungamiri weCFT NGCV). Sekureva kwake, zvakaziviswa kubvira 2014. «Беспилотный ведомый» робот-ведомый) будет готов к военной оценке в 2019 году параллельно с новой боевой машиной пехоты. Ipapo iwo ekutanga prototypes (chaizvo, tekinoroji varatidziri) yeNGCV 1.0 uye "asina kurongeka wingman" achaunzwa kunoongororwa pasi pesimba reATEC. Kuedzwa kwakarongerwa kutanga muchikamu chekutanga chegore remari 2020 (Gumiguru-Zvita 2019) uye kupedzwa mumwedzi mitanhatu-6. Chinangwa chavo chinonyanya kukosha ndechekutarisa ikozvino iripo ye "kusachengeteka" kwemotokari. Kondirakiti yeUS$700 miriyoni ichaunza pfungwa dzakati wandei, dzimwe dzacho dzichatsanangurwa naGen. Mark Milley, US Army Chief of Staff, kune imwe budiriro. Makambani ari kushanda pachirongwa ichi sechikamu chechikwata chinotungamirwa neScience Applications International Corp. (позади Lockheed Martin, Moog, GS Engineering, Hodges Transportation uye Roush Industries). Zvidzidzo zvakadzidzwa kubva mukuyedzwa kwekutanga prototypes zvichashandiswa kugadzirisa zvakare uye kuvaka anotevera prototypes pasi pegore remutero ra2022 uye 2024. Chikamu chechipiri chichaita kuburikidza nemari ya2021-2022 uye zvikwata zvishanu zvichagadzirira pfungwa nhatu chimwe nechimwe: imwe yakavakirwa pakuisa mushandisi, imwe yakagadziridzwa ichishandisa parallel inobuda tekinoroji mhinduro, uye imwe ine kumwe kuchinjika kunenge kwataurwa nemutengi. Mafungiro achabva asarudzwa uye prototypes anovakwa. Panguva ino richava basa remutengi kuti ape mota mbiri dzine vanhu uye ina dzisina munhu dzinoshanda pamwe chete sechikamu cheCentaur platoon (kana, zvishoma nenhetembo, yakaumbwa-isina kuumbwa), kubva mumubatanidzwa wemunhu nemuchina (nguva ino kwete. bhiza). Kuedzwa kuchatanga muchikamu chechitatu che2021. uye ichagara kusvika pakupera kwa2022. Chikamu chechitatu chakarongerwa makore emari 2023-2024. Panguva ino, bvunzo dzichaitika padanho rekambani ine vanhu vanomwe (NGCV 2.0) uye gumi nemana mota dzisina munhu. Idzi dzichave dzakanyanya hutsinye uye dzechokwadi nhandare dzehondo munhevedzano yezvinetso kutanga muchikamu chekutanga cha2023. Iyo "fluid" chimiro chemaitiro inonakidza kwazvo: kana kambani yakapihwa ikabviswa padanho rekutanga, inogona kuramba ichinyorera kutora chikamu muchikamu chinotevera. Chimwe chinhu chinonakidza ndechekuti kana Mauto eUS achiona mota dzakaedzwa muPhase I (kana Phase II) dzakakodzera, zvino mushure mekupedzwa kwayo, zvibvumirano zvinogona kutarisirwa kupedza chikamu cheR&D uye, nekudaro, mirairo. Robhoti yeWingman ichagadzirwa mumatanho maviri: yekutanga ne2035. semi-autonomous mota uye yechipiri, muna 2035-2045, semotokari inozvimiririra zvizere. Следует помнить, что программа «беспилотных крылатых» обременена высоким риском, что подчеркивают многие специалисты (например, к проблемам с искусственным интеллектом или дистанционным управлением под воздействием средств РЭБ). Naizvozvo, Mauto eUS haafanirwe kutenga, uye chikamu cheR&D chinogona kuwedzerwa kana kuvharwa. Izvi zvakasiyana zvikuru, semuenzaniso, chirongwa cheFuture Combat Systems, chakapera muna 2009 mushure mekushandisa madhora bhiriyoni gumi nemasere pasina kupa mauto eUS mota imwe chete yebasa. Pamusoro pezvo, nhanho yaitarisirwa yebasa uye nzira inochinjika yechirongwa inopesana zvakanyanya neFCS, iyo yakadzimwa nekuda kwekuwedzera-kuwanda kwematambudziko (asi zvakare fungidziro dzisina musoro). Panguva imwe chete nekugadzirwa kwemichina, basa ravo munhandare yehondo richajekeswa: angave marobhoti anotevedzwa achave ekubatsira kana kuona kana mota dzehondo, nguva ichataura. Zvakakodzera kuyeuka kuti basa remotokari dzemauto rakazvimiririra rave richiitwa muUnited States kwenguva yakati.
