Autopilot mumotokari dzemazuva ano: mhando, musimboti wekushanda uye matambudziko ekuita

Chiitiko ichi chinonzi zvakasiyana, autonomous control, unmanned mota, autopilot. Iyo yekupedzisira yakabva kundege, uko yakashandiswa kwenguva yakareba uye yakavimbika, izvo zvinoreva kuti ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka.

Kombiyuta inoshandisa chirongwa chakaoma, yakashongedzerwa nehurongwa hwekuona uye kugamuchira ruzivo kubva kune yekunze network, inokwanisa chaizvo kutsiva mutyairi. Asi mubvunzo wekuvimbika, zvisingaite, mune tekinoroji yemotokari wakanyanya kuomarara kupfuura mukubhururuka. Hakuna nzvimbo dzakawanda mumigwagwa semumhepo, uye mitemo yemigwagwa haina kutevedzerwa zvakajeka.

Sei uchida autopilot mumotokari yako?

Kunyatsotaura, haudi autopilot. Vatyairi vari kutoita basa guru, kunyanya nerubatsiro rwevatove varipo vabatsiri vemagetsi.

Basa ravo nderekurodza maitiro emunhu uye kumupa hunyanzvi uhu hunogona kuwanikwa nevatambi vashoma mushure memakore mazhinji ekudzidziswa. Muenzaniso wakanaka kushanda kweiyo anti-lock braking system uye marudzi ese ezvigadziro zvinoenderana nazvo.

Asi kufambira mberi kwemichina hakugoni kumiswa. Vagadziri vemotokari vanoona mufananidzo wemotokari dzinozvimiririra kwete zvakanyanya seremangwana, asi sechinhu chine simba chekushambadzira. Hongu, uye zvinobatsira kuve nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro, hunogona kudikanwa chero nguva.

Budiriro inoitwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Kune akati wandei mazinga eartificial driver intelligence:

• zero - otomatiki control haina kupihwa, zvese zvakapihwa mutyairi, kunze kwemabasa ari pamusoro anowedzera kugona kwake;
• yekutanga - imwe, basa rakachengeteka remutyairi rinodzorwa, muenzaniso wekare ndeye adaptive cruise control;
• chechipiri - iyo system inotarisisa mamiriro ezvinhu, iyo inofanirwa kuve yakanyatso kurongeka, semuenzaniso, kufamba mugwara rine macherechedzo akakodzera uye akanyatso kudzorwa mamwe masaini, nepo mutyairi anogona kusaita pane chidhiraivho uye mabhureki;
• chechitatu - inopesana pakuti mutyairi angave asingadzore mamiriro acho ezvinhu, kupindira kutonga chete pachiratidzo chegadziriro;
• chechina - uye basa iri richatorwawo neautopilot, zvirambidzo pakushanda kwayo zvinongoshanda kune mamwe mamiriro ekutyaira akaomarara;
• yechishanu - zvizere otomatiki kufamba, hapana mutyairi anodiwa.

Kunyangwe iye zvino, kune mota dzekugadzira dzakangouya pedyo nepakati peichi chiyero chemamiriro. Pamusoro pezvo, sezvo hungwaru hwekugadzira hunowedzera, mazinga asati aitwa anozofanirwa kutambanudzwa maererano nekushanda.

Ainoita

Nheyo dzekutyaira dzakazvimiririra zviri nyore - mota inoongorora mamiriro emotokari, inoongorora mamiriro ayo, inofanotaura kukura kwemamiriro ezvinhu uye inosarudza nezvechiito nekutonga kana kumutswa kwemutyairi. Nekudaro, iyo tekinoroji yekumisikidza yakaoma zvinoshamisa zvese maererano nehardware solution uye software control algorithms.

Kuona kwehunyanzvi kunoitwa zvinoenderana neanozivikanwa misimboti yekuona mamiriro mune akasiyana siyana emagetsi mafungu emagetsi uye acoustic mhedzisiro pane anoshanda uye passive sensors. Kuti zvive nyore, anonzi radar, makamera, uye sonars.

Mufananidzo wakaoma unoguma unoendeswa kune komputa, iyo inotevedzera mamiriro uye inogadzira mifananidzo, ichiongorora njodzi yavo. Chinetso chikuru chiripo chaizvo apa, iyo software haina kubata zvakanaka nekuzivikanwa.

Vari kunetsekana nebasa iri nenzira dzakasiyana siyana, kunyanya, nekuunza zvinhu zveneural network, kuwana ruzivo kubva kunze (kubva kumasatelliti uye kubva kumota dzakavakidzana, pamwe nemasaini emigwagwa). Asi hapana chokwadi XNUMX% kuzivikanwa.

Masisitimu aripo anogara achitadza, uye imwe neimwe yadzo inogona kupera zvinosiririsa. Uye panotokwana nyaya dzakadaro. Nekuda kweautopilots, kune akati wandei akanyanya kufa vanhu. Munhu akanga asina nguva yekupindira mukutonga, uye dzimwe nguva sangano harina kumboedza kumunyevera kana kutamisa kutonga.

Ndeapi ma brand anogadzira mota dzinozvifambisa

Kuedza kuzvimiririra michina yakagadzirwa kare kare, pamwe nekutanga-chikamu zvinhu mukugadzirwa kwe serial. Yechipiri yakatove nyanzvi uye inoshandiswa zvakasimba. Asi yekutanga yekugadzira mota ine yakasimbiswa yechitatu level system yakaburitswa nguva pfupi yadarika.

Honda, inozivikanwa nemhinduro dzayo itsva, yakabudirira mune izvi, uyezve, kunyanya nekuti Japan inofuratira magungano epasi rese ekuchengetedza.

Honda Legend Hybrid EX inokwanisa kutyaira nemutraffic, kushandura nzira, uye kupfuudza otomatiki pasina kuda kuti mutyairi arambe akamira pavhiri nguva dzese.

Iyi ndiyo tsika inokurumidza kubuda, maererano nenyanzvi, iyo isingabvumiri kunyange yechitatu-nhanho masisitimu kuti akurumidze kunyoreswa zviri pamutemo. Vatyairi vanotanga kungovimba neautopilot vomira kutevera mugwagwa. Automation zvikanganiso, izvo zvichiri zvisingadzivisiki, munyaya iyi zvechokwadi zvichatungamirira kune njodzi nemigumisiro yakakomba.

Inozivikanwa nekufambira mberi kweTesla, iyo inogara ichisuma autopilot pamakina ayo. Kugara vachigamuchira mhosva kubva kune vatengi vayo vasinganzwisisi mikana yekutyaira yakazvimiririra uye vasingazive mashandisiro ayo nemazvo, saka Tesla haasati asimuka pamusoro pechipiri chechipiri.

Pakazara, makambani angangoita makumi maviri epasirese akagona chikamu chechipiri. Asi vashomanana chete vanovimbisa kukwira zvishoma munguva yemberi iri pedyo. Aya ndiwo Tesla, General Motors, Audi, Volvo.

Vamwe, seHonda, vanogumira kumisika yemuno, sarudza maficha uye prototypes. Mamwe mafemu ari kushanda nesimba munzira yekutyaira akazvimiririra, asi asiri hofori dzemotokari. Pakati pavo pane Google neUber.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve mota dzisina munhu

Kubuda kwemibvunzo yevatengi pa autopilots imhaka yekuti ruzhinji rwevatyairi havanzwisise zvakanaka kuti basa rekutsvaga nekusimudzira chii, uye mune iyi nyaya, zvakare kuti vane hukama sei nemutemo.

Ndiani anoedza michina

Pamichina yekuyedza mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, zvinodikanwa kuti uwane mvumo yakakosha, wakamboratidza kuti kuchengetedzwa kunovimbiswa. Naizvozvo, mukuwedzera kune vanotungamira vanogadzira, makambani ekufambisa ari kuitawo izvi.

Kugona kwavo kwemari kunovabvumira kuisa mari mukubuda kwemarobhoti emumugwagwa anotevera. Vazhinji vakatozivisa mazuva chaiwo apo michina yakadai ichatanga kushanda chaiko.

Ndiani ane mhosva kana paita tsaona

Nepo mutemo unopa basa remunhu ari kumashure kwevhiri. Mitemo yekushandisa ma autopilot akagadzirwa kuitira kuti makambani anogadzira abve mumatambudziko nekuyambira vatengi nezve kukosha kwekugara vachiongorora kushanda kwemarobhoti.

Mutsaona chaidzo, zviri pachena kuti dzakaitika zvachose kuburikidza nemhosva yemunhu. Akanyeverwa kuti motokari haivimbisi zana kubva muzana kushanda kwekuzivikanwa, kufanotaura uye kudzivirira njodzi.

Ko mota ingatsiva munhu ari seri kwevhiri riini?

Pasinei nekuwanda kwemazuva ekupedzisira ekuitwa kwezvirongwa zvakadaro, zvose zvakatopfuura zvakaendeswa kune ramangwana. Mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro zvekuti fungidziro iripo haizozadzikiswe, saka mune ramangwana mota dzakazvimiririra zvizere hadzizoonekwe, basa rakazove rakaoma kune vane tarisiro vakaronga kurigadzirisa nekukurumidza uye kuita mari pariri.

Parizvino, matekinoroji ekubudirira anogona kungorasikirwa nemari uye mukurumbira. Uye kufarira neurosystems kunogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro yakaipa.

Izvo zvatove zvichiratidzwa kuti mota dzakangwara dzinogona kutanga kusava nehanya mumigwagwa zvisina kuipa kupfuura vatyairi vechidiki vekutanga vane mhedzisiro yakafanana.