Zvinorevei kubhureka injini uye kuti ungazviita sei nemazvo

Kuti inonoke mota, ine mabhureki anoshanda uye ekupaka. Asi kugona kwavo kune mashoma, saka dzimwe nguva zvakakosha kushandisa rubatsiro rweiyo yakakura uye yakakomba unit sejini, iyo isingagoni kungomhanyisa mota uye kuchengetedza kumhanya. Iyo modhi yekusarudza yakawandisa kinetic simba nemota kuburikidza nekutapurirana inonzi injini braking.

Sei mota ichinonoka kana injini ichiita braking

Kana mutyairi aburitsa iyo throttle, injini inopinda mukumanikidza idle mode. Idling - nokuti panguva imwe chete iyo haitumire simba rehuni hunopisa kumutoro, asi inonzi kumanikidzirwa nekuda kwekutenderera kwe crankshaft kubva kurutivi rwemavhiri, uye kwete zvinopesana.

Kana iwe ukavhura kubatana pakati pekutapurirana uye injini, semuenzaniso, nekubvisa clutch kana kubatanidza iyo isina kwayakarerekera giya, ipapo injini inosvika pakusvika isingaite kukurumidza, sezvo iri inherent mukugadzira kwayo.

Asi kana braking, chinongedzo chinoramba chiripo, saka shaft yekupinza yegiya bhokisi inotenderera mota, ichishandisa simba rakachengetwa nehuremu hwemota inofamba.

Simba riri muinjini panguva yekumanikidzirwa isingaiti rinoshandiswa pakurwisana mumagadzirirwo, asi chikamu ichi chiduku, node dzakagadziridzwa kuderedza kurasikirwa. Chikamu chikuru chinoenda kune kunonzi kurasikirwa kwekupomba. Iyo gasi inomanikidzwa mumasilinda, inopisa, yozowedzerwa panguva yekurohwa kwepiston.

Chikamu chakakosha chesimba chinorasikirwa nekurasikirwa kwekupisa, kunyanya kana pane zvipingamupinyi munzira yekuyerera. Kune peturu ICEs, iyi ivharuvhu, uye kune injini dzedhiziri, kunyanya marori ane simba, vanoisa imwe gomo mabhureki nenzira yedhamu panzvimbo yekubuda.

Kurasikirwa kwesimba, uye nekudaro kudzikira, kwakakwira, iyo yakakura kumhanya kwekutenderera kwe crankshaft. Naizvozvo, kuti ibudirire kudzikisira, zvinodikanwa kuchinjika kune yakaderera magiya, kusvika kune yekutanga, mushure mezvo iwe unogona kutoshandisa mabhureki ebasa. Ivo havazopisa, kumhanya kwadzikira, uye simba rinoenderana neskweya yayo.

Zvakanakira uye zvakaipira nzira

Mabhenefiti einjini mabhureki akakura zvekuti anofanirwa kushandiswa, kunyanya pakudzika kwakareba:

• kana simba rakawanda iro injini inokwanisa kutora yakagoverwa mumabhureki ebasa, ipapo ivo vanozonyanya kupisa uye kukundikana, asi izvi hazvizokuvadzi mota chero nzira;
• kana paine kutadza kweiyo main braking system, deceleration nerubatsiro rweinjini icharamba iri nzira chete yekuchengetedza mota, vafambi uye zvese zvinopinda munzira yemotokari yakashata;
• mumakomo hapana dzimwe nzira dzekudzika zvakachengeteka, mabhureki anogona kumira mumakomo haana kuiswa pamotokari dzevanhu;
• panguva yekugadzira injini, mavhiri anoramba achitenderera, kureva kuti, haavharidzi, uye motokari inoramba iine simba rekupindura kune chidhiraivho, kunze kwenzvimbo inotsvedza zvakanyanya, apo matai anorasikirwa nekusangana kunyangwe nekuderera kudiki. ;
• ine kumashure kana mavhiri ose, motokari inogadziriswa ne deceleration vector;
• iyo sosi yemadhisiki nemapedhi inochengetwa.

Kwete pasina cons:

• kusimba kwekuderera kudiki, iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa musiyano pakati pesimba uye simba, injini inogona kutora simba rakawanda, asi kwete munguva pfupi, pano iyo braking system yakanyanya simba;
• kudzikisira kwakaoma kubata, mutyairi anofanira kunge aine ruzivo uye hunyanzvi, uye otomatiki kutapurirana marudzi anosanganisira akakodzera switching algorithms;
• hadzisi mota dzese dzakadzidziswa kubatidza mabhureki mwenje nerudzi urwu rwemabhureki;
• pamberi-mavhiri kutyaira, kamwe kamwe mabhureki anogona kukanganisa mota uye kuitumira mune skid.

Tinogona kutaura pamusoro pezvakanaka uye zvisingabatsiri chete maererano nemashoko, chaizvoizvo, hurumende inokosha, pasina iyo chiyero chekushandisa motokari ishoma.

Mabhureki zvakanaka sei

Mota dzemazuva ano dzinokwanisa kuita yega, iwe unongoda kusunungura accelerator pedal. Asi kunyange munyaya iyi, iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa zviri kuitika uye kuti ungawedzera sei mhedzisiro.

Manual gearbox

Pamusoro pe "mechanics" zvakakosha kuziva nzira yekukurumidza kushandura kune magiya akaderera mumamiriro ezvinhu akanyanyisa. Iko kushanda kuderera kweinjini pakudzika kwakadzika kunowanikwa nekungochinja mune yakajairwa modhi. Asi kana iwe uchida kukurumidza kunonoka kana mabhureki atadza kana mumamiriro ezvinhu aasingakwanise kutsungirira, zvinova zvakaoma kuchinjika mugiya chairo.

Bhokisi rakawiriraniswa rinokwanisa kuenzana kumhanya kwekutenderera kwegiya paunenge uchibatana. Asi chete mukati memiganhu mishoma, simba remasynchronizer idiki. Mota inokurumidza kuwana simba inotenderera bhokisi shafts, uye crankshaft kutenderera kumhanya kwakadzikira.

Nekuda kwekukatyamadza kubatikana, zvinodikanwa kufambisa lever panguva iyo injini iri kumhanya kune iwo mamhanyiro anoenderana nekumhanya kwazvino mugiya rakasarudzwa.

Kuti azadzise mamiriro aya, mutyairi ane ruzivo achaita kaviri clutch kusunungurwa ne regassing. Ikozvino giya rinodzimwa, mushure mezvo, nekukurumidza kudzvanya gasi, injini inotenderera, clutch inodzimwa uye lever inotamirwa kunzvimbo yaidiwa.

Mushure mekudzidziswa, kugamuchirwa kunoitwa zvakazara otomatiki uye kunobatsira zvakanyanya kunyangwe mune yakajairika application, kuchengetedza sosi yegiya bhokisi, uko masynchronizer anogara asina simba, uye rimwe zuva izvi zvinogona kuchengetedza mota, hutano, uye pamwe hupenyu. Mumitambo mune zvakajairika, hapana chekuita pasina izvi pane iyo manual transmission.

Automatic transmission

Iyo otomatiki hydraulic muchina ikozvino yave kwese kwese ine zvemagetsi chirongwa chekutonga. Inokwanisa kuziva kudiwa kweinjini braking uye ichaita zvese zvinotsanangurwa pamusoro apa pachayo. Zvakawanda zvinoenderana nebhokisi chairo, izvo zvaunofanira kuziva.

Vamwe vanoda rubatsiro nenzira dzakawanda:

• batidza maitiro emitambo;
• chinja kune manual control, zvino shandisa selector kana paddles pasi pechidhiraivho;
• shandisa nzvimbo dzekusarudza dzine mashoma egiya renji, dzima overdrive kana magiya epamusoro.

Chero zvazvingava, usashandise kwazvakarerekera paunenge uchityaira. Kunyanya kukanganisa kwakashata senge kudzosera kumashure kana kupaka.

Anoshanduka anomhanyisa dhiraivha

Zvinoenderana nealgorithm yekushanda, iyo vhezheni haina kusiyana neiyo classic hydromechanical gearbox. Vagadziri havaremedze muridzi nechido chekuziva kuti shanduko yegiya reshiyo yakarongwa sei mumushini.

Nokudaro, iwe unogona kunge usingazivi kuti ndeupi rudzi rwemotokari inogadzika yakaiswa pamotokari iyi, maitiro ose anoitwa nenzira imwechete.

Robhoti

Iro tsika yekudaidza robhoti bhokisi remakanika nemagetsi control. Ndiko kuti, iyo yakarongedzwa kuitira kuti muridzi anoshandisa kufambisa nenzira yakafanana kune mamwe machina, uye kazhinji pane manual shift mode, iyo inofanirwa kushandisa kana iwe uchida kuderedza injini.

Kunyangwe nekuwedzera nyore, sezvo pasina clutch pedal, uye robhoti yakanaka inodzidziswa kuita gasi reloading pachayo. Unogona kunyatsotarisisa Formula 1 racing, apo mutyairi anongodonhedza nhamba inodiwa yemagiya asati atendeuka nepetali pasi pechidhiraivho.