Bell YFM-1 Airacuda
Iyo prototype XFM-1 (36-351) yakafambiswa nemutyairi wemauto Lieutenant W. Benjamin "Ben" S. Kelsey, Gunyana 1, 1937. Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza ndege mukugadzirisa kwayo kwekutanga, ine carburetor air intakes muchikamu chepamusoro che iyo injini nacelles, turbocharger pamativi uye mapropeller asina hubcaps. Madhiramu eM4 pfuti, caliber 37 mm, anooneka.
Iyo FM-1 Airacuda ndiyo yaive ndege yekutanga kuvakwa neBell Aircraft uye yekutanga ndege yekurwira kugadzirwa kubva pakutanga ine Allison V-1710 injini. Kunyange zvazvo isina kugadzirwa-zhinji, chaive chiitiko chakakosha mukuvandudzwa kweAmerican interceptors muhafu yechipiri ye30s uye yakaunza Bell muboka revakuru vemauto ekugadzira ndege. Iyo ine akati wandei magadzirirwo ekugadzira maficha - turbocharger, pusher propellers, kumberi vhiri dhiraivha chassis, 37mm cannons, otomatiki moto control system uye ebetsero simba unit.
Mukutanga kwema30s, mhando mbiri dzendege dzebhomba dzakaonekwa muUnited States mune cantilever monoplane ine zvese-simbi hafu-hull chimiro - iyo Boeing B-9 naMartin B-10. Ose ari maviri aive negiya rekumhara raidzokeka, uye yekupedzisira B-10 yaivewo yakavharwa nemacockpits, turret yekupfurisa, uye bhomba bay. Vaive kusvetuka kwehunhu kubva kuchizvarwa chakapfuura chevaAmerican mabhomba - yakaderera-inomhanya-yakafukidzwa ne canvas-yakavharwa mabhanoni kana strut-braced monoplanes ine yakagadziriswa yekumhara giya uye akavhurika cockpit. Pamusoro pekuisa mafambiro matsva mukuvakwa kwemabhomba, ivo vakavewo nemhedzisiro yakakura mukuenderera mberi kwevarwi veAmerica. Nekuda kwekumhanya kwazvo uye kuvaka kwavo kwakashata, zvakaratidza kuve dambudziko guru kune yaimbove mutungamiriri wendege yeUnited States Air Force (USAAC), zvichiita kuti isashande husiku. Panguva yekudzidzira, zvakazoitika kuti Curtiss P-6E uye Boeing P-12E biplanes vakanga vasingagoni kuvabata mukuita, uye kana vakabata, vakanga vakapakata pfuti mbiri dze 7,62 mm kana imwe caliber. 7,62 mm uye imwe 12,7 mm caliber inogona kunge isina kusimba kuti ipfure pasi. Zvinhu zvakanga zvisiri nani zvikuru neBoeing P-26A monoplane, iyo yakanga inokurumidza kukurumidza kupfuura P-6E uye P-12E, asi yakangodaro isina zvombo.
Iyo yakazara saizi yemapuranga inoshanda yekusekesa yeXFM-1 panzvimbo yeBell Aircraft muBuffalo, New York. Iyo XFM-1 (factory designation Model 1) yakavakirwa pane yekutanga dhizaini yakagadzirwa nemugadziri Robert "Bob" J. Woods muzhizha ra1934.
Zvechokwadi, munyika chaiyo, varwi veUSAAC vakanga vasingafaniri kurwisana neB-9 neB-10, asi kuonekwa kwevabhomba vakadaro mumauto emhepo enyika iyo United States of America yaingova nyaya yenguva. . Nyika dzinogona rimwe zuva kuenda kuhondo. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, muna 1934, vese mainjiniya eDhipatimendi reZvinhu zveAir Corps paWright Field, Ohio, uye vagadziri vevagadziri vendege vakasiyana vakatanga kugadzira varwi vatsva vane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro uye zvombo zvine simba. Tarisiro huru yekuwedzera kukuru kwekuita kwakabatana neAllison V-12 1710-cylinder in-line liquid-yakatonhorera injini. Iyo V-1710-C1 vhezheni, yakagadzirirwa chaizvo USAAC, yakasvika 1933 hp muna 750. pane dyno, uye chinangwa chevakagadziri chaiva chekuwana simba rinoramba riripo re1000 hp. kwemakore akawanda. Zvakare, hombe-caliber pfuti - 25 kana kunyange 37 mm - yainzi ndiyo inonyanya kushanda zvombo kurwisa simbi mabhomba. Kunyangwe vaive nemwero wakaderera wemoto, matenderedzwa mashoma aive akakwana kuti vabudirire kurova chinangwa.
Mumwe wevagadziri vakatora dambudziko iri ndiRobert "Bob" J. Woods, ipapo neConsolidated Aircraft Corporation muBuffalo, New York. Basa rake raiva, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, imwe-injini, monoplane, varwi vaviri-zvigaro Ya1P-25, R-30 uye R-30A (PB-2A). Iyo yekupedzisira yaive yekutanga yekuAmerican murwi wekugadzira mu cantilever monoplane system ine-yese-simbi hafu-hull dhizaini, ine giya rekumhara rinodzoreka, macockpits akavharwa uye injini yeturbocharged. Iyo R-30A yaive shanduko yakakosha pamusoro peR-26A, asi nekuda kwezvombo zvayo isina simba, yaive isina kukodzera kurwisa mabhomba emazuva ano.
Muzhizha ra1934, Woods, pachake, akagadzira dhizaini yekutanga yeanyanzvi-anoparadza mabhomba. Yakanga iri bapiro hombe-injini yepakati nemapapiro akareba 27,43 m, kureba kwemamita 17,32, nzvimbo yekusimudza inosvika 120,77 m2, huremu husina kuremerwa hwe5262 kg uye uremu hwekusimuka hwe10 kg. Saka yakanga yakakura uye yairema kudarika bhomba reB-433! Yaiva negiya rekumhara raidzokeka rine vhiri remuswe uye muswe wakapetwa kaviri. Chigadzirwa chemagetsi chaive nemainjini maviri eV-10 ane simba rinofungidzirwa re1710 × 2 hp, akaiswa muinjini nacelles pamapapiro uye achityaira matatu-bladed pusher propellers. Pamberi pegondola paive nepakapenya, imwe neimwe yaive nekanononi inofambiswa nemaoko ye1100 mm. Kurwisa varwi, pfuti nhanhatu 37 kana 7,62-mm mbozha pfuti dzakashandiswa - mbiri mu turrets pamativi emberi fuselage uye ina mumahwindo pamativi, kumusoro uye pasi pechikamu chepakati chefuselage. Vashandi vevashanu vaisanganisira mutyairi wendege, mutungamiriri (uyo akashandawo somutyairi wendege uye mufambisi wengarava), mutyairi wepfuti-redhiyo, uye pfuti mbiri dzinobhururuka nendege.
