Ndeupi musiyano pakati peinjector uye carburetor

Kune nzira dzakasiyana dzekuzadza huwandu hwekushanda hwemasilinda einjini yekupisa mukati nemusanganiswa unopisa. Zvinoenderana nemusimboti wekusanganisa peturu nemhepo, vanogona kukamurwa zvine mamiriro kuita carburetor uye jekiseni. Pane misiyano yakakosha pakati pavo, kunyangwe mhedzisiro yebasa iri yakangofanana, asi kune zvakare misiyano yehuwandu mukurongeka kwedosing.

Isu tichafunga zvakadzama nezve zvakanakira uye zvakaipira peturu injini simba system pazasi.

Nheyo yekushanda kweinjini ye carburetor

Kuti ugadzire mamiriro ekupisa muhumburumbira, peturu inofanira kusanganiswa nemhepo. Kuumbwa kwemhepo ine okisijeni, iyo inodiwa pakuita oxidation ye petroli hydrocarbons nekuburitswa kwehuwandu hwekupisa.

Magasi anopisa ane vhoriyamu yakakura kudarika musanganiswa wepakutanga, ari kuda kuwedzera, anowedzera kudzvanywa kwepiston, iyo inosundira crankshaft crankshaft uye inoita kuti itenderere. Nokudaro, simba remakemikari emafuta rinoshandurwa kuita simba remagetsi rinotyaira motokari.

Iyo carburetor inodiwa kune yakanaka atomization yepeturu uye kuisanganisa nemhepo inopinda muhumburumbira. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuumbwa kunodhayiwa, sezvo kune yakajairwa kupisa uye kupisa, kurongeka kwakasimba kwehuwandu kunodiwa.

Kuti uite izvi, kuwedzera kune sprayers ivo pachavo, carburetor ine akati wandei dosing masisitimu, imwe neimwe ine basa reimwe nzira yekushandisa injini:

• main dosing;
• idle system;
• mudziyo wekutanga unopfumisa musanganiswa pane inotonhora injini;
• pombi yekumhanyisa inowedzera peturu panguva yekumhanyisa;
• econostat yemagetsi modes;
• level controller ine float chamber;
• shanduko masisitimu e-multi-chamber carburetors;
• akasiyana economizer anogadzirisa uye anodzikamisa zvinokuvadza zvinobuda.

Iyo yakanyanya kuomesesa iyo carburetor, iyo yakawanda yeaya masisitimu anayo, kazhinji iwo ari hydraulically kana pneumatically controlled, kunyange mumakore achangopfuura, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvakashandiswa.

Asi musimboti wekutanga wakachengetedzwa - iyo emulsion yemafuta inoumbwa nebasa rakabatana remhepo uye jets yemafuta inodhonzwa mumhepo inoyerera yakasvetwa mukati nemapiston kuburikidza nemaatomizer maererano nemutemo waBernoulli.

Zvimiro zvejekiseni system

Musiyano mukuru pakati pemajekiseni, kana kuti zvakanyanya, masisitimu ejekiseni remafuta, yaive yekupihwa kwepeturu pasi pekumanikidzwa.

Basa repombi yemafuta harichagumiri pakuzadza kamuri yekuyangarara, sezvayaive mucarburetor, asi yave hwaro hwekudosa huwandu hwepeturu hunopihwa kuburikidza nemanozzles kune yakawanda inopinza kana kunyange yakananga kumakamuri ekupisa.

Kune michina, yemagetsi uye yakasanganiswa jekiseni masisitimu, asi iwo ane imwechete musimboti - huwandu hwemafuta pairi kutenderera kutenderera kunoverengerwa uye kuyerwa kwakasimba, ndiko kuti, hapana hukama hwakananga pakati pekuyerera kwemhepo uye kutenderera kushandiswa kwepeturu.

Ikozvino chete emagetsi majekiseni masisitimu anoshandiswa, uko maverengero ese anoitwa nemicrocomputer ine akati wandei sensors uye inoenderera ichidzora nguva yejekiseni. Iyo pombi yekumanikidza inochengetedzwa yakagadzikana, saka kuumbwa kwemusanganiswa kunoenderana zvakasiyana nenguva yekuvhura ye solenoid mavharuvhu emajekiseni.

Zvakanakira zve carburetor

Kubatsira kwecarburetor ndiko nyore kwayo. Kunyangwe madhizaini echinyakare pamidhudhudhu yekare nemotokari aigara achiita basa rawo mukugonesa injini.

Kamuri ine inoyangarara kudzikamisa kudzvanywa pajeti yemafuta, chiteshi chemhepo cheemulsifier ine jeti yemhepo, atomizer mune diffuser uye ndizvozvo. Sezvo zvinodiwa zvemotor zvakawedzera, dhizaini yakawedzera kuoma.

Nekudaro, iyo yakakosha primitiveness yakapa mukana wakakosha zvekuti macarburetor achiri kuchengetedzwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo, pamidhudhudhu imwechete kana mota dzisiri dzemugwagwa. Uku kuvimbika uye kuchengetedza. Iko hakuna chekupwanya ipapo, kuvhara kunogona kuve iro chete dambudziko, asi iwe unogona disassemble uye kuchenesa carburetor mune chero mamiriro, hapana spare zvikamu zvinodiwa.

Injector zvakanakira

Asi huwandu hwekukanganisa kwemaatomizer akadaro zvishoma nezvishoma zvakakonzera kutaridzika kwemajekiseni. Izvo zvose zvakatanga nechinetso chinomuka mundege, apo carburetors yakaramba kushanda zvakajairika apo ndege yakakunguruka pamusoro kana kunyange mabhangi akadzika. Mushure mezvose, nzira yavo yekuchengetedza kudzvinyirirwa kwakapiwa pajeti inobva pagiravhiti, uye simba iri rinogara richitungamirirwa pasi. Kudzvinyirirwa kwepombi yemafuta yejekiseni system haibvi pane kutaridzika kwenzvimbo.

Yechipiri yakakosha pfuma yeinjector yaive yakanyanya kurongeka yedosing kuumbwa kwemusanganiswa mune chero maitiro. Iyo carburetor haikwanisi izvi, zvisinei kuti yakaoma sei, uye zvinodiwa zvezvakatipoteredza zvakakura gore negore, musanganiswa wacho waifanira kupisa zvachose uye zvakanyatsonaka sezvinobvira, izvo zvaidiwawo nekubudirira.

Kurongeka kwakawedzera kukosha nekuuya kwevashanduri vecatalytic, avo vanoshanda kupisa zvinhu zvinokuvadza mumhepo, apo kutadza-mhando yemafuta kutungamirira mukukundikana kwavo.

Iyo yakanyanya kuomarara uye yakabatana kuderera kwekuvimbika kweiyo sisitimu yakagadziriswa nekugadzikana uye kusimba kwezvikamu zvemagetsi izvo zvisina zvipfeko zvekupfeka, uye matekinoroji emazuva ano anoita kuti zvikwanise kugadzira zvakakwana zvakavimbika pombi uye nozzles.

Nzira yekusiyanisa motokari yejekiseni kubva kune carburetor

Mune kabhini, munhu anogona kukurumidza kuona kuvepo kwebato rekutonga reiyo carburetor yekutanga sisitimu, inonziwo kusveta, kunyangwe paine zvakare otomatiki ekutanga apo iyi knob isipo.

Iyo mono injection unit iri nyore kwazvo kuvhiringidza ne carburetor, kunze ivo vakafanana chaizvo. Misiyano ndiyo nzvimbo yepombi yemafuta, pa carburetor iri pajini, uye pane injector inodzimwa mugasi regesi, asi jekiseni imwe chete haisati yashandiswa.

Traditional multipoint mafuta jekiseni inotsanangurwa nekusavapo kweyakajairwa mafuta ekufambisa module, pane chete mhepo inogamuchira iyo inopa mweya kubva kune sefa kuenda kune yakawanda yekudyara, uye pane manifold pachayo pane emagetsi nozzles, imwe pacylinder.

Zvinenge zvakafanana, jekiseni yakananga yemafuta inorongwa, chete ipapo mabhomba ari pamusoro pechivharo, senge spark plugs, uye mafuta anopiwa kuburikidza nekuwedzera-high-pressure pombi. Zvakanyanya kufanana nemagetsi emagetsi edhiziri.

Kune mutyairi, iyo jekiseni simba system ibasa risingapokane. Iko hakuna chikonzero chekuwedzera kushandura iyo yekutanga sisitimu uye gasi pedal, iyo yemagetsi uropi inobata musanganiswa mune chero mamiriro uye inozviita nemazvo.

Kune mamwe, kushamwaridzana kwezvakatipoteredza kwejekiseni kwakakosha, zvinongoita chete zvisingakuvadzi kabhoni dhayokisaidhi uye mhute yemvura inoburitswa kubva kune exhaust system ichipinda mumhepo, saka carburetor pamotokari chinhu chekare.