Chii chaunofanira kuita kana giya rekutanga rikaita zvakaipa

Maitiro ekutanga mota kubva panzvimbo uye kushandura magiya anodzidziswa muchikoro chekutyaira, uye mutyairi wese anoziva maitirwo acho. Hazvina mhosva kana motokari yake ine bhuku rekushandisa kana imwe yemhando dze otomatiki hutachiwana (otomatiki hutachiwana). Asi nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare, mabhokisi ose anotanga kukundikana, izvo zvinozviratidza nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira zvakaoma kuchinja gear.

Maitiro ekubatanidza giya rekutanga pasina kukuvadza bhokisi regiya

Kuti ubatanidze giya rekutanga rinodiwa kuti utange wakatsetseka, kana iri bhuku regiya bhokisi, dzvanya clutch pedal uye wozofambisa lever kunzvimbo yakakodzera.

Chii chaunofanira kuita kana lever "inozorora" uye gear isingadi kuchinjwa - haidzidzisi muzvikoro. Kana kuti havanyanyoita hanya nazvo. Iwe unozofanirwa kuzorodza ndangariro yako yezvinonyatsoitika mukufambiswa kwemota.

Kana uchichinjisa magiya, akati wandei maitiro anoitika:

• kudzvinyirira iyo clutch pedal inopa kuzorora mukuyerera kwe torque kubva painjini flywheel kuenda kune yekuisa shaft yegiya bhokisi, dhiraivha disc inoburitsa inotyairwa, iyo inowanzo sungwa zvakasimba pakati payo uye flywheel pamusoro;
• bhokisi shaft inomira kana kuderedza kukurumidza kwekutenderera, mamiriro akanaka anogadzirwa kuitira kubatanidzwa kwekutanga kwegiya marimu;
• kuitira kurongeka kwakakwana kwekumhanya, kuitira kuti mazino abatane pasina kukanganisa uye zvinyararire, synchronizer inoshandiswa - chigadziro chinoderedza kukurumidza giya rezviviri zvinobatanidzwa maererano nechechipiri;
• iyo synchronizer ichada imwe nguva yekuzadzisa zvizere mabasa ayo, uye zvinoenderana nemusiyano wekutanga mukumhanya kwekutenderera, pamwe nekuzara kwe clutch disengagement;
• pakupera kwemaitiro, magiya akabatanidzwa, kukurumidza kuvhurwa, unogona kusunungura clutch.

Kuti uderedze kupfeka uye mukana wekuputsika, akati wandei mamiriro anofanirwa kusangana:

• iyo clutch inofanirwa kugadziridzwa zvakanaka, kureva kuti, inofanirwa kubviswa zvachose uye kwete kuendesa chikamu chenguva nekuda kwekukakavadzana kwakasara;
• zvinodikanwa kuderedza mutsauko mukumhanya kwegiya, ipapo mutoro uri pa synchronizer uchave wakaderera;
• usamhanye kushandura uye kusundidzira chibatiso chekuzorora, pachave nekuputsika kweiyo synchronizer nekukatyamara kusingadzivisike kupfeka.

Kana mota yakamira, haufanirwe kuwedzera kumhanya usati wasunungura clutch, sezvo kukurumidza kukurumidza kweshafts kuchawedzera, iwe uchafanirwa kudzima iyo yakawandisa simba nekukwenya musynchronizer. Dzvanya accelerator chete mushure mekubatidza sipidhi.

Maitiro ekuchinja magiya, kushandura zvikanganiso

Kana iyo mota ichikunguruka, zvino zvinopesana zvikaitika, iyo synchronizer ichafanirwa kumhanyisa shaft yekupinza, iyo ichapedza nguva uye chikamu chechishandiso chayo. Unogona kumubatsira nekugona hunyanzvi hwekukwenya. Izvi zvakadzidziswa kuvatyairi vemarori uko kunoshandiswa magiyabhokisi asina kuwiriraniswa zvizere.

Nzira yekushandura "pasi", kureva, semuenzaniso, kubva kune yechipiri kusvika kune yekutanga nemotokari inofamba, inotaridzika seizvi:

• pasi pekuburitswa kwegasi nekufamba kwakatsetseka, iyo lever inotamiswa kubva kune yechipiri giya chinzvimbo kuenda kune kwayakarerekera, izvi hazvizokuvadza bhokisi nenzira chero ipi zvayo kunyangwe pasina kudzvinyirira clutch, iwe unongoda kushandisa simba;
• nekutsikirira accelerator, marevolutions anowedzerwa kune ayo mota yaizofamba nekumhanya kwakapihwa mugiya rekutanga, pamwe nerumwe rutivi rwenguva yeshift;
• iyo clutch pedal inotsikirirwa nekukurumidza uye panguva imwe chete, gasi rinoburitswa, kukurumidza kunodiwa kunovhurwa, clutch inobatanidzwa, gasi rinowedzerwa zvakare.

Kana iwe uchinzwisisa musimboti wekushanda kwebhokisi synchronizers uye ukagona nzira yakapusa yekudzokorora kune automatism, zvino izvi zvichawedzera giya regiya rekushandisa kusvika rakakwana kupera uye kubvarura uye kuraswa kwemota yese, bhokisi rinova "nekusingaperi". Uye iyo clutch ine hunyanzvi pedaling inenge isingapere.

Zvinokonzera kukanganisa mumakanika

Dambudziko guru rinokutadzisa kupinza giya pane mechaniki bhuku bhokisi ndeye isina kukwana clutch kuburitswa kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana:

• kukanganisa kwema mechanical kana hydraulic drive kubva kune pedal kusvika kune kusunungurwa kutakura;
• deformation kana kutanga kwekuparadzwa kwedhisiki inofambiswa nemaraini ayo;
• curvature ye diaphragm petal chitubu chepressure plate (basket);
• pedal isina kunyatsoora mwoyo nemutyairi;
• muchato wekupinza shaft tsigiro.

Iyo clutch, sezvavanotaura, "inotungamira", iyo inotenderera shaft yebhokisi haipe mukuedza kweiyo synchronizer inovharira mhete. Iyo lever inotamirwa kune yekutanga giya chinzvimbo chete nekuedza kwakawanda, iyo inoperekedzwa necrunch uye jerk yemota yese.

Panogona kunge paine matambudziko mubhokisi pacharo. Zvese zvanyanya kuomarara ipapo, ungango gadzirisa mashini, shandura iyo synchronizer clutch musangano uye magiya. Nekufamba kwenguva, maforogo ekuchinja anopera, kutamba kunoonekwa mumabhengi eshaft, uye mafuta ekutepfenyura akadururwa mucrankcase anorasikirwa nemidziyo yawo.

Anenge ese macheckpoints akadaro akarongedzerwa mune ingangoita nzira imwe chete, iyo inorerutsa kunzwisisa kweiyo musimboti wekushanda uye zvinokonzeresa zvinokonzeresa matambudziko. Mamiriro acho akanyanya kuoma ne "otomatiki"

Matambudziko nekuchinja magiya pane automatic transmission

Mune otomatiki transmissions, musimboti wekushanda ndewekuti magiya ese, sekunge, anogara aripo. Shanduko yegiya reshiyo mumapuraneti magadzirirwo anoitwa nekuwirirana braking uye kugadzirisa kwemamwe magiya ane hukama kune mamwe.

Nokuda kweizvi, friction disc packs inoshandiswa, mamwe akafanana e-clutch, ayo anomanikidzwa ne hydraulic pistons.

Iyo inodiwa yekudzora mafuta kudzvanywa mune ino hydraulic system inogadzirwa nepombi yemafuta, uye yakagoverwa neiyo hydraulic unit ine solenoids - emagetsi mavharuvhu. Ivo vanorairwa neyemagetsi control unit iyo inotarisisa kuverengwa kwema sensors ayo.

Shift kukundikana kunogona kuitika nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana:

• kushayikwa kwekuita kwepombi yemafuta, kuderera kwakaderera;
• kusashanda kwe solenoids nekuda kwekuvhara, kupfeka kana kuora;
• mafuta anoshanda sehwaro hweiyo otomatiki kutapurirana haazadzise zvinodiwa, asi inochembera uye inova yakasviba, zvinobva pairi kuti matambudziko ese anowanzoitika;
• akatsva friction clutches;
• iyo control unit yakaona kusashanda uye isa bhokisi mune emergency mode.

Sekutonga, yemhando yepamusoro hydraulic otomatiki muchina inochinja mukukundikana kakawanda uye inoshuma matambudziko nekutyorwa mukushanda kweakasiyana modhi, jerks, isina kukwana giya sarudzo, kupisa uye kukanganisa masaini. Zvese izvi zvinoda kugadziriswa nekukasika.

Nzira dzekugadzirisa matambudziko

Mukushanda kwekutapurirana, zvinhu zvose zvinogadziriswa nemaitiro ekudzivirira. Zvakakosha kushandura mafuta muzvikamu munguva, kwete kubhadhara kune zvivimbiso zvemirayiridzo iyo yakazadzwa ipapo nokusingaperi. Shandisa zvigadzirwa zvekuzora chete zvezvikamu zvinodiwa maererano nekushivirira uye mhando.

Automatic transmissions haifarire mitambo modhi, kumhanyisa kamwe kamwe neaccelerator yakadzvanywa zvizere, kana kutsvedza kwemavhiri ekutyaira. Mushure mekuita maekisesaizi akadai, mafuta anowana hunhu hwekupisa hwema, zvirinani hunofanira kutsiviwa nekukasira pamwe chete nesefa.

Mumagetsi ekufambisa, zvinodikanwa kuti utarise mamiriro eclutch, woitsiva nekukurumidza kana zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekutsvedza kana kusakwana kuvharika zvichionekwa. Hazvina kudikanwa kushandisa simba rakawandisa kune lever, bhokisi rinoshandiswa rinoshandura nyore uye chinyararire. Iyo yakambotsanangurwa nzira yekudzosa inobatsira zvikuru pakuona kusimba.

Kana dambudziko richiri kuoneka mubhokisi, saka haufanirwe kuedza kuzvigadzirisa iwe pachako. Magearbox, ese otomatiki uye manyorerwo, akaomarara uye anoda kwete chete ruzivo, asiwo ruzivo mukugadzirisa. Dzinofanirwa kuitwa nenyanzvi dzakadzidziswa mukugadzirisa zvikwata zvine midziyo yakakodzera.

Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya kune otomatiki kutapurirana, uko zvisingaite kukwira neyakajairwa seti yezvishandiso zvemutyairi. Kunyange kuchinja kwemafuta kwakasiyana kwakasiyana nekushanda kwakafanana kwebhuku rekufambisa kana injini.

Chishandiso chakatonyanya kutetepa ndeye CVT otomatiki kutapurirana. Muchidimbu, musiyano uri nyore, asi kuita kunoshanda kunoda makore mazhinji ebudiriro uye kuyedza. Hupenzi kufunga kuti inogona kungopatsanurwa uye kugadziriswa. Izvi, neimwe kokorodzano, zvinoitika pazvikokota zvine simba shoma, asi kwete pamotokari.

Nekuzvimiririra kuurayiwa, mhando imwe chete yekugadzirisa inogona kusiyaniswa - clutch kutsiva. Nezvisingakwanisi, nekuti haufanirwe kuita izvi pasina kudzidziswa pamarobhoti uye preselective mabhokisi.

Kazhinji, clutch itsva inogadzirisa dambudziko rekuoma kwegiya kana uchitanga.