Chii uye sei adaptive kumiswa kunoshanda

Imwe nzira yekuvandudza kumira kwemotokari ndeyekuichinja kuti ienderane nemararamiro emugwagwa, kumhanya, kana kutyaira. Zvinogoneka kuita izvi nekushandiswa kwemidziyo yemagetsi uye yakakwirira-kumhanya kwemagetsi, pneumatic uye hydraulic actuators. Iyo imwe mota, ine nekukurumidza shanduko yekumiswa hunhu, inogona kuwana hunyanzvi hwega hwemotokari yemitambo yemumugwagwa, SUV kana rori yakareruka. Kana kungovandudza zvakanyanya kunyaradza kwevatyairi.

Nheyo dzekugadzirisa kugadzirisa

Kuti uwane kugona kuchinjika kune ekunze pesvedzero kana mirairo yemutyairi, kumiswa kunofanirwa kuwana hunhu hunoshanda. Passive mechanisms dzinogara dzichiita zvisina kujeka kune zvimwe zvinofurira. Vanoshanda vanokwanisa kushandura maitiro avo. Kuti vaite izvi, vane control electronic unit, iyo kombiyuta inounganidza ruzivo kubva kune sensors uye mamwe maitiro emotokari, inogamuchira mirayiridzo kubva kumutyairi uye, mushure mekugadzirisa, inogadzirisa maitiro kune actuators.

Sezvaunoziva, iyo kumiswa kunosanganisira elastic zvinhu, damping zvishandiso uye inotungamira vane. Nechepfungwa, zvinokwanisika kudzora zvese izvi zvikamu, asi mukuita zvakakwana kushandura zvinhu zvemadampers (shock absorbers). Izvi zviri nyore kuita nekuita kunogamuchirika. Kunyangwe kana kukurumidza kwekuita kusingadiwe, semuenzaniso, iyo yekupaka modhi, shanduko yepasi clearance kana static kuomarara kuri pasi pekugadzirisa, saka zvinogoneka kugadzirisa iyo yekumisikidza kumisikidzwa kune zvese zvikamu zvayo.

Kuti ugadzirise kushanda, zvichave zvakafanira kufunga nezvakawanda zvekuisa paramita:

• dhata pamusoro pezvisirizvo zvemumugwagwa, zvese zvazvino uye zviri kuuya;
• kukurumidza kufamba;
• kutungamira, ndiko kuti, kona yekutenderera kwemavhiri anotungamirirwa uye kukurumidza kweangular yemotokari yose;
• chinzvimbo uye kumhanya kwekutenderera kwechidhiraivho;
• zvinodiwa nemutyairi maererano nekuongororwa kwemaitiro ake ekutyaira, pamwe chete neaya anopinda mumanyorero mode;
• nzvimbo yemuviri maererano nemugwagwa, maparameter ekuchinja kwayo nekufamba kwenguva;
• radar-type sensor zviratidzo zvinoongorora mamiriro ekuvhara pamberi pemotokari;
• longitudinal uye transverse accelerations yemota, injini uye braking system inoshanda modes.

Iyo control block chirongwa ine algorithms yekupindura kune ese anouya masaini uye yekuunganidza ruzivo. Mirairo inowanzotumirwa kune magetsi anodzorwa anodzora mavhiri eese mavhiri, ega ega ega, pamwe nekubatanidzwa kunoshanda kweanti-roll mabara. Kana kumidziyo inovatsiva kana ichishanda sechikamu cheyakazara hydraulically controlled suspensions, pamwe neakanyanya-tekinoroji zvigadzirwa zvinoshanda chete pamagetsi emagetsi. Muchiitiko chekupedzisira, kukurumidza kwekupindura kwakanyanya zvokuti maitiro anenge akanaka anogona kuwanikwa kubva mukushanda kwekumisa.

Kuumbwa kweSystem

Iyo yakaoma inosanganisira zvishandiso zvinopa basa pakugadzirisa kwekunyorovesa zvivakwa uye kuomarara kwakasimba, pamwe nekuderedza kurongeka kwemuviri:

• kuturika controller ine microprocessor, ndangariro uye I / O maseketi;
• inoshanda nzira dzeparrying roll (inodzorwa anti-roll bars);
• yakaoma ye sensors;
• shock absorbers inobvumira kutonga kwemagetsi kwekuoma.

Iyo dashboard inodzora, kazhinji iyi iri pa-bhodhi inopindirana kuratidza, mutyairi anogona kuseta imwe yeanoshanda modes zvinoenderana nezvaanofarira. Predominance yekunyaradza, sportness kana off-road kugona kunotenderwa, pamwe nekuwedzera kugadziridza kwemabasa ane mode memory. Iyo yakaunganidzwa inogadziriswa inogona kukurumidza kusetwa kune yekutanga marongero.

Zvinodiwa zve transverse stabilizers zvinogara zvichinetsa. Kune rimwe divi, chinangwa chavo ndechekuona kuti muviri udiki. Asi nenzira iyi kumiswa kunowana hunhu hwekutsamira, izvo zvinoreva kunyaradza kunoderedzwa. Paunenge uchityaira mumigwagwa yakaipa, chinhu chakanyanya kukosha chichava rusununguko rwakawanda rwemavhiri ega ega kuti uwane yakanyanya kutaurwa yeaxles. Nenzira iyi chete, nzvimbo dzese dzakamiswa dzekufamba dzichashandiswa zvizere kuve nechokwadi chekugara uchisangana nematairi nejasi. A stabilizer ane kuoma nguva dzose, iyo inowanzova nyore bhari yesimbi yechitubu, kushanda pamusimboti we torsion bar, haizokwanisi kushanda zvakaenzana mumamiriro ose ezvinhu.

Mukumisa kunoshanda, iyo stabilizer inopatsanurwa, pamwe nekugona kwemagetsi regulation. Nheyo dzakasiyana dzinogona kushandiswa kudzora kuomarara kwakaderedzwa. Vamwe vagadziri vanoshandisa preload yekumonyoroka nemota yemagetsi ine gearbox, vamwe vanoshandisa hydraulic nzira, kuisa hydraulic cylinders pane stabilizer kana kubatanidzwa kwayo kumuviri. Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kutevedzera zvachose iyo stabilizer bar ine yega hydraulic cylinders inoshanda mukuenderana neiyo elastic zvinhu.

Adjustable kuvhunduka absorbers

A common shock absorber ine pfuma yekuchinja kuomarara kwayo kunoenderana nekumhanya uye kukurumidza kwekufamba kwetsvimbo. Izvi zvinowanikwa nehurongwa hwemavharuvhu ekurovesa iyo iyo damping fluid inoyerera.

Pakushanda kwekutonga kwebypass throttles, nzira mbiri dzinogoneka - kuisa spool-mhando mavharuvhu emagetsi kana kushandura zvimiro zvemvura mune magineti. Vagadziri vanoshandisa nzira mbiri, yechipiri zvishoma kazhinji, sezvo ichizoda yakakosha mvura inoshandura viscosity yayo mune remagineti.

Misiyano mikuru yekushanda yeadaptive suspensions

Kumisikidzwa kunoshanda nemidziyo yekuchinjisa kunopa kugona kudzora hunhu hwemutengi wemotokari chero nzira:

• mutumbi unogara uchichengetedza nzvimbo yakapihwa maererano nemugwagwa, kutsauka kubva kune iyo inotemwa chete nekumhanya kweiyo adapta system;
• mavhiri ane hukuru hunogoneka hunogara huchisangana nekuputira;
• mwero wekukurumidza mu kabhini kubva kumapundu wakadzikira zvakanyanya kupfuura nekumisikidzwa kwechinyakare, izvo zvinowedzera kunyaradza kwerwendo;
• motokari inodzorwa zviri nani uye yakatsiga pakumhanya kukuru;
• iyo yakanyanya dhizaini masisitimu inogona kutarisira mabumps nekutarisa mugwagwa pamberi pemavhiri uye kugadzirisa madhamu pachine nguva.

Izvo zvisingabatsiri, sekune ese akaomarara masisitimu, ndeimwe - yakanyanya kuomarara uye yakabatana kuvimbika uye mutengo zviratidzo. Naizvozvo, kumiswa kunochinjika kunoshandiswa muchikamu cheprimiyamu kana semidziyo yekusarudzika.

Algorithms yebasa uye seti yemidziyo iri kuramba ichiwedzera kuoma uye kuvandudzwa. Chinangwa chikuru chebudiriro mundima yeanoshanda adapta kumiswa ndeye kuwana yakanyanya kuzorora kwemuviri wemotokari, chero chii chinoitika kumavhiri uye iwo anobatanidzwa asina kusimuka masasi. Muchiitiko ichi, mavhiri ose mana anofanirwa kugara achibatana nemugwagwa, achichengeta motokari pane imwe nzira.