Zvakanakira uye kuvaka musimboti weMcPherson mhando kumiswa

Kune mota dzebhajeti, hazvina kukosha zvakanyanya kupa kuita kwakaringana maererano nekunyaradza, kupindura kudzora kana mashandiro ekutonga, sekuderedza kuomarara uye huwandu hwemuviri wemidziyo yezvimisikidzo zvemayuniti. Pasina kurerutsa panguva imwe chete kusvika pakurasikirwa kwakakwana kwemakwikwi emotokari. Dambudziko rinogona kunzi rakagadziriswa kana iwe ukatarisa mudziyo weiyo inonyanya kufarirwa kumiswa munyika yemotokari - McPherson-mhando telescopic struts.

Chigadziko chemwenje chakavapo sei?

Kunze kwekuedza kwekutanga pamotokari dzemitambo yehafu yekutanga yezana ramakore rapfuura, yekutanga kutaridzika kwakakomba kwerudzi rutsva yaive ma50s, apo mumwe weinjiniya weFord patented dhizaini yakatumidzwa zita rake. Uye haana kungogamuchira patent yeimwe exotic, asi akawana kushanda kwayo musiriri Ford Consul. Kune iyo nguva yekuchengetedza muUS mota indasitiri, chiitiko chakave chisina kujairika. Zita remugadziri aive Earl McPherson.

Suspension mudziyo

Chinhu chikuru chaive chekushandisa dhizaini imwe chete inobatanidza zvikamu zvese zvitatu zveiyo suspension unit - elastic element, damper uye inotungamira vane. Zvose izvi zvakauya pamwe chete nenzira yeraki imwe chete, iyo yaingofanirwa kugadziriswa kubva kumusoro kusvika kumuviri uye kubva pasi kusvika kune imwe chete yetatu. Panguva yekushanda, kona yeaxis ye rack yakashanduka, saka dzimwe nguva inonzi swinging kenduru.

Chinhu chakakosha chechimiro cheiyo strut muviri wakawedzera uye wakasimbiswa we telescopic shock absorber ine pivot ruoko rwakagadzikwa pairi, yakaderera chitubu chinomira uye bhuraketi rekusungirira kune inotungamira knuckle. Tsvimbo yaibuda pamusoro pemushonga wekuvhundutsa ine shinda ine shinda ine nati yakanga yakabatana nerutsigiro rwepamusoro rweraki. Chitubu chakafukidza muviri kunze.

Rutsigiro rwepamusoro rwakaita mabasa akati wandei:

• kusungirira tambo yekumisa kumusoro kumusoro kumuviri kuburikidza nemukombe wesimba pamusoro pe spar;
• kunyorova kwekudengenyeka uye kuvhunduka kudiki kunouya nemuchitubu uye tsvimbo nenzira yekuisa rabha muhinge yekutsigira;
• mira kune iyo yekumusoro coil yechitubu checylindrical kana mbiya-yakaita sechitubu, ine mugumo wepasi uchizorora uchipokana nekuvhunduka kwemuviri, ese ari maviri makoiri akarara painonyudza elastic cushions;
• kutenderera kwehunde uye chitubu pasi pechiito chekutungamira nekuda kwekuvapo kweiyo thrust rolling bearing:
• kuvapo kwendege yekushanda kwe-elastic bump yakaiswa padanda rekuvhundutsa.

Kubva pazasi, rack yakasungirirwa kune lever kuburikidza neknuckle nerubatsiro rwezasi bhora rekubatana. Izvi zvinovimbisa rusununguko rwekushanda kwemaitiro ekumisa uye mukana wekushandura mavhiri anotungamirirwa. Iyo lever inosungirirwa kumuviri kana subframe kuburikidza nerubha-simbi silent blocks.

Iyo kumiswa, sevamwe vazhinji, inowedzerwa ne-anti-roll bar yakabatana kuburikidza nema struts ane bhora magumo kana rubber bushings.

basa Features

Nzvimbo ye rack maererano nemuviri inogadzirisa makona emavhiri, kunze kwekusangana, iyo inopiwa nekugadzirisa kureba kwematanda ekutungamirira. Naizvozvo, materu emuviri mundege dzelongitudinal uye dzakachinjika dzinosarudzwa pakumisikidza kumisa, zvigadziriso zvinopihwa nekusarudzwa kwewashers uye eccentric bolts yekusimbisa kune chibhakera.

Kufamba kwekushanda kwekumisikidzwa kunoganhurwa neiyo elastic bumper yakaiswa patsvimbo, uye rebound kufamba kunogumira nemukati buffer yekuvhunduka absorber. Mabhuroko akanyarara uye mabheji ebhora anoverengerwa nenzira yekuti haaputsike panguva yekurohwa kwakazara kwetsvimbo.

Kusundidzira nekukweva masimba kunofambiswa kumuviri kuburikidza nerevhisi yakaoma yetriangular. Dzimwe nguva inoitwa muchimiro chekuchinjika chinongedzo chine chinyararire block kumuviri uye inowedzerwa nekurebesa kureba. Kudivi reshure, simba rekuita rinofambiswa kuburikidza neteresikopu yemagetsi yeshock absorber. Mukati meiyo strut mune yakajairwa hydraulic damper seti ye damper fluid, pistons, mavharuvhu uye throttling maburi. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, anenge ese marekeni ane gasi rakadzvanywa kudzivirira kupupa uye kufashaira kana yanyanya kupisa.

Zvakanakira nekuipira kumisa kenduru

Chikonzero chikuru chekugovera kwakakura kwakadaro ndiko kunaka kwakanakisa compactness maitiro. Kuderedza hukuru hwemavhiri arches, uko kumiswa kwemayuniti kunowanikwa, pakupedzisira kunotungamira mukuwedzera kwehuwandu hunobatsira hwemuviri kugarisa vafambi uye kutakura. Pane zvimwe zvinobatsira zvakare:

• iyo kumiswa kwakanyatso kusanganiswa neyekumberi-vhiri dhiraivha chirongwa chekombuta mota ine transverse kurongeka kweinjini yemonoblock uye kutapurirana;
• Kumiswa kweMcPherson-mhando inokubvumira kuti uwedzere zvakanyanya kamuri yekutakura uye kudzikisa pasi payo;
• iyo kumiswa kunosanganisira huwandu hushoma hwezvikamu, izvo zvinoderedza mutengo wekugadzira;
• nokuda kwechikonzero chimwe chete, yakavimbika uye iri nyore kugadzirisa;
• haikonzeri kunyunyuta pamusoro pehuwandu hwehuwandu husina kubuda, kunyange zvazvo isingatungamiri muchiratidzo ichi;
• kana ichishandiswa pane yekumashure axle, inokubvumira nyore kuronga chassis yakazara inodzora.

Kureruka hakugone asi kukanganisa kuvepo kwezvisina kunaka:

• iyo kumiswa haigone kupa yakanakira vhiri trajectory uye yakagadzikana yekubata chigamba;
• simba rekukwenya risingadiwi rinokura muteresikopu inomira;
• kutsigirwa kwepamusoro kunoparadzanisa muviri kubva pakufambiswa kwemigwagwa miduku;
• girazi remuviri rinoremerwa zvakanyanya, chimiro chose hachina muganhu wekuchengeteka.

Zvese izvi zvinonyatso tsanangura chiyero - idzi ndidzo mota dzakajairika dzebhajeti dzediki nepakati kirasi. Iyo haiwanzo kushandiswa pamotokari hombe yechikamu cheprimiyamu, kunyangwe kana mashura ekuvhundutsa akasanganiswa nechitubu akaiswa ipapo, zvino zvese izvi zvinowedzerwa neakaomesesa gwara vane uye nzira dzekuwedzera kunyaradza. Asi izvi hazvitadzise kumiswa kwemhando yeMacPherson kubva pakuva mhando inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pasi rose.