Chii chinonzi immobilizer uye chinoshanda sei?
Zviri mukati
Iyo immobilizer ndeyemagetsi anti-kuba mudziyo. Sezvinoreva zita, basa rayo nderekumisa mota kana injini isati yatanga. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvikamu zvemotokari yakaremara zvinoramba zvakavharwa kunyange kana iyo immobilizer yakaremara kana kukuvara kwemagetsi.
Anti-kubira modhi inoita kuti zvikwanise kutanga injini uye kutyaira kure kwemazana akati wandei emamita. Kana mota iri pane imwe chinhambwe kubva kumuridzi ane kiyi chaiyo fob kana kadhi, injini inomira. Kazhinji izvi zvinoitika munzvimbo ine vanhu vakawanda, uye vapambi havana sarudzo kunze kwekusiya mota. Iyi sarudzo inobatsira, semuenzaniso, kana mutyairi akanyengerwa kuti abve mukamuri yevatakuri kana kudzingwa nechisimba kunze kwemotokari injini yatove kushanda.
Iyo immobilizer inoshanda sei uye inodzima chii?
Mazuva ano immobilizers inosanganiswa mukuzadza kwemagetsi kwemotokari uye inovharira kanenge maviri makuru mabasa ekutanga injini - iyo mafuta system uye kupisa. Basa rayo rakavakirwa pakufambisa / kuverenga kwekodhi yakasarudzika, yakafanana nemabatiro anoita transponder mumigwagwa inobhadharisa. Mune yakanyanya fomu, izvo zvakakosha zve chero immobilizer ndezvi:
- kiyi yekudzima (transmitter), kiyi fob ine yakavakirwa-mukati chip ine pre-yakaiswa yakasarudzika kodhi;
- electronic control unit (ECU). Inoverenga zvikwangwani kubva kukiyi uye inotumira mirairo kune masisitimu emotokari;
- chigadziriso chemagetsi, icho chinosanganisira imwe kana kupfuura yemagetsi relay. Switch inobatanidza kana kuputsa magetsi emagetsi uye nokudaro inovhara zvimwe zvikamu zvemotokari kana kuti inobvumira kushanda.
Iyo immobilizer inoshanda seizvi: kana mutyairi achiedza kutanga injini, iyo encrypted kodhi kubva kiyi inotumirwa kumakombuta, uye inoiverenga. Kana ichokwadi, ipapo injini yekutanga masisitimu ichavhurwa uye mota ichakwanisa kutanga kufamba. Mamwe "makiyi" epamberi anoshandisa rolling yekuchengetedza macode. Muchokwadi, ichi chiziviso chemazinga maviri, umo mune chisingaperi cipher uye yechipiri, ichichinja imwe. Nguva imwe neimwe injini inotangwa, komputa inogadzira yechipiri kodhi uye inoichengeta mundangariro. Nekudaro, iyo immobilizer inotanga kuverenga iyo kodhi yega uye yobva yabvunza rolling kodhi.
Dzimwe mhando dzema immobilizer dzinoda kupinda nemaoko kwePIN kodhi, mamwe anogona kudzorwa uchishandisa smartphone application kuburikidza neBluetooth. Kune zvakare masisitimu anovharira akazvimirira kutanga kweinjini mushure menguva yakatarwa.
Kuti uone kana motokari yacho ine fekitari inogadzirisa zvinhu, ingotarisa bhuku remuridzi. Ichange iine ruzivo rwemhando yehurongwa uye mashandisirwo ayo. Paunenge uchitenga motokari "kubva paruoko", muridzi wekare angangokuudza nezve immobilizer pakutengesa. Asi kunewo nzira dze "vanhu". Kuti uite izvi, kiyi yakaputirwa zvakasimba nefoil yezvokudya uye inopinzwa mumoto. Kana motokari isingatangi, ipapo immobilizer inoiswa. Zvakare, kuwanikwa kwehurongwa kunogona kuongororwa nekufonera mutengesi.
Mhando dze immobilizers
Kune akati wandei marudzi e immobilizer anosiyana:
- activation nzira - kuonana (nekiyi yekubata, kodhi uye zvigunwe) uye isina kubata;
- mhando yekuisa - chiyero kubva kufekitari uye kuwedzera;
- chiratidzo chekufambisa - static kana dynamic. Muchiitiko chekutanga, imwe code isina kuchinjwa inoparadzirwa, mune yechipiri - inochinja.
Nekiyi yekubata. Iyo inogadziriswa kuburikidza nekubata kwepanyama - ndiko kuti, panguva iyo kiyi inopinzwa mumagetsi ekudzima. Aya ndiwo maitiro ekutanga uye akareruka. Basa ravo rinobva pane yakapusa musimboti wekuvhara / kuvhura mameta, inoteverwa nekugadzirisa uye kutumira kwechiratidzo chemagetsi. Chishandiso chekubata chinogona kunge chiri chero chimiro - kubva pamahwendefa echinyakare (sekubva paintercom) kusvika kune mamwe makiyi ekubatidza.
Code. Mishonga yakadaro inogona kutorwa semhando yekubatana. Kuti uvamise, haufanire kungobatanidza chip reader, asiwo kuisa imwe PIN kodhi pane yakakosha keyboard. Mune mamwe masisitimu, kuti uvhure zvakakosha kudzvanya, semuenzaniso, iyo pedal imwe nhamba yenguva, yakaenzana neyekutanga digit yekodhi.
Fingerprint immobilizers. Sistimu yakadaro inozivisa muridzi zvichibva pane biometric data, kureva chigunwe. Kana iyo data ichienderana, saka iyo system inoshanda. Kana mutyairi akamanikidzwa kuverenga iyo yakadhindwa panjodzi, "inovhiringidza" imprint basa inopiwa. Ipapo injini ichavhurwa uye ichatoshanda kwechinguva, asi ichakurumidza kumira.
Kusabata zvisina kufanira immobilizers. Iri iboka rose rehurongwa hwemazuva ano hunonyanya kusiyana muhuwandu. Zvichienderana nechiyero chekupedzisira, vanogona kukamurwa kuita mapfupi-renji immobilizers, kureba (ine redhiyo chiteshi) uye marefu-refu immobilizer ane inofamba sensor. Kiyi yemuviri inogona kunge iri muchimiro chekiyi, kadhi rechikwereti, kana chero imwe fomu. Ivo vanoshanda kuburikidza neantenna yekugamuchira - diki sensor yakavanzwa mukati memukati trim. Rudzi rwemasisitimu akadaro anobva pamasendimita mashoma kubva kune antenna kusvika 1-5 m.
Ndeipi immobilizer iri nani?
Kana iwe uchida kushongedza mota yako neyepamberi anti-kuba system kana iripo immobilizer inoda kutsiviwa, saka pane maviri sarudzo - sarudza iwe pachako kana kubata nyanzvi. Kuiswa, zvisinei, zviri nani kuvimba nenyanzvi mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu - zvakanyanya kuvimbika. Kana ukasarudza kusarudza immobilizer iwe pachako, heano mamwe matipi:
- Ongorora maitiro: nhamba yenzvimbo dzekuchengetedza, rudzi rwekutonga, nzira yekuvhara injini, rudzi rwechiratidzo, mamwe mabasa (kazhinji kuchengeteka uye sevhisi), kuvapo kwemamwe maredhiyo modules;
- Usape kufarira kune bhajeti kuchengetedza masisitimu kubva kune vashoma vanozivikanwa vanogadzira;
- Nyatsoteerera nguva yewaranti, kana iri yemhando yepamusoro-soro ndeye makore matatu;
- Kuvapo kweanorwisa-kubira algorithms (inodzivirira kuba kana yamiswa parobhoti);
- Pedzisa iyo immobilizer nearamu yemotokari.
Kana zvichikwanisika kuisa control unit pasi pehood yemota, saka usaramba iyi sarudzo, nekuti izvi zvinovimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwakavimbika. Panguva yekuiswa kwehurongwa kana mukati mebasa iri, dzidza mirairo yekushanda, uye uzvizive iwe neiyo wiring diagraph. Kana iwe uchinetseka zvakanyanya nezvekudzivirira kubiwa kwemotokari, saka takura kiyi fob ine transponder (kana isiri Keyless system) mune yakaparadzana bundle kana mukati mejaketi homwe. Kana yakarasika, iyo immobilizer inofanirwa kudzokororwa.
Rondedzero yevagadziri ve immobilizer yakafaranuka. Kunyangwe mafemu madiki anopinda mumusika nguva nenguva. Mazhinji anti-kuba masisitimu ari kugadzirwa nevagadziri vekuAsia, asi zvigadzirwa zvavo hazvisati zvawanikwa pamisika yeEurope. Zvigadzirwa Zvinonyanya Kuzivikanwa:
- Starline;
- Ghost;
- Pandect.
Zvine bhajeti modhi yezvidziviriro masisitimu anogona kuwanikwa pasi pemazita emhando Pandora, Tiger, Tomahawk, Raptor. Nekudaro, ramba uchifunga kuti mazhinji emhando dzebhajeti dzakagadzirirwa kudzorera pane kupa dziviriro yakakomba pakuba.
Onawo
