Ndeipi octane nhamba yepeturu

Mutyairi paanopinda panzvimbo yemafuta, anomisa mota yake pane imwe nzvimbo, zvinoratidza kuti mafuta api anogona kuzadzwa mafuta panzvimbo ino. Kuwedzera kune chokwadi chekuti muridzi wemota anofanirwa kusiyanisa pakati pemhando yemafuta (peturu, gasi kana dhiziri), peturu ine mhando dzinoverengeka, mukuratidzwa kwenhamba yakatarwa.

Aya manhamba anomiririra octane chiyero chemafuta. Kuti unzwisise kuti kushandiswa kwepeturu kusingakodzere mota kungave nengozi zvakadii, unofanirwa kuona kuti ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pezvinhu izvi, ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokanganiswa neRH uye kuti zvinogona kuyerwa zvakazvimiririra here.

Chii chinonzi octane nhamba

Usati wanzwisisa terminology, iwe unofanirwa kurangarira pamusoro pechinhui chinoshanda peturu injini (zvakadzama nezve yemukati injini yemoto verenga pano). Iyo yemhepo-yemafuta musanganiswa kubva kune peturu system inodyiswa mukati meiyi cylinder, uko inozomanikidzwa nepiston kakawanda (mumamodheru ane jekiseni yakananga, mweya unomanikidzwa, uye peturu inosaswa ipapo nguva pfupi chisati chapiwa).

Pakupera kwekumanikidza sitiroko, iyo BTC inotsvairwa neeparaki rine simba rinogadzirwa neiyo yekutsvaira sisitimu plugs. Kupisa kwemusanganiswa wemweya uye peturu kunoitika nekukurumidza, semhedzisiro yesimba rakadzikama rinoburitswa, richisunda pisitoni munzira yakatarisana nemavharuvhu.

Isu tinoziva kubva kuzvidzidzo zvefizikiki kuti kana uchimanikidzwa zvakanyanya, mweya unopisa. Kana iyo BTC yakamanikidzwa mumaculinders kupfuura zvayaifanira kunge iri, musanganiswa unozopisa zvoga. Uye kazhinji izvi hazviitike kana pisitoni ichiita sitiroko yakakodzera. Iyi inonzi injini yekudzivirira.

Kana maitiro aya achiwanzo kuoneka panguva yekushanda kweinjini, inokurumidza kukundikana, nekuti kazhinji kuputika kweVTS kunoitika panguva iyo iyo piston inotanga kutsikirira musanganiswa kana kuti isati yapedza sitiroko. Panguva ino, iyo KShM iri kusangana nemutoro wakakosha.

Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, vagadziri vemotokari vemazuva ano vari kugadzirira injini nema sensors anoona kugogodza. Iyo yemagetsi yekudzora unit inogadzirisa mashandiro eiyo mafuta system kubvisa iyi mhedzisiro. Kana isingakwanise kubviswa, iyo ECU inongodzima injini nekuitadzisa kutanga.

Asi kazhinji dambudziko rinogadziriswa nekungosarudza mafuta akakodzera - kureva, nenhamba yeoctane inokodzera mhando yakapihwa injini yemoto yemukati. Iyo nhamba muzita reiyo peturu inoratidza iyo yekumanikidza muganho iyo iyo musanganiswa inozvipisa yega. Iyo yakakwira iyo nhamba, kunyanya kudzvinyirira peturu kunomira usati wazvipira iwe pachako.

Iyo inoshanda kukosha kweiyo octane nhamba

Pane akasiyana natsurudzo emota. Dzinogadzira kumanikidza kwakasiyana kana kumanikidza mumakomba. Iyo yakaoma iyo BTC inosvinwa, iyo inowedzera simba iyo mota ichapa. Mafuta mashoma octane anoshandiswa mumotokari dzine kudzikira kwakaderera.

Kazhinji kazhinji idzi mota dzekare. Mune mamodheru emazuva ano, injini dzinoshanda zvakanyanya dzakaiswa, kushanda kwayo kuri zvakare nekuda kwekumanikidza kwakanyanya. Ivo vanoshandisa yakakwira-octane mafuta. Iko kudiwa kwekuzadza tangi kwete neane makumi mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe, asi iyo 92th kana 95th peturu inonzi yakanyorwa mune yehunyanzvi zvinyorwa zvemota.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinokanganisa octane nhamba

Kana peturu kana dhiziri yagadzirwa, mafuta acho anopatsanurwa kuita zvidimbu. Panguva yekugadzirisa (kusefa uye kupatsanurwa), peturu yakachena inoonekwa. RH yake inoenderana ne60.

Kuti mafuta agone kushandiswa mukati meinjini dzinopisa dzemukati, pasina kudonhedza mumasirinda, zvinowedzerwa zvakasiyana zvinowedzerwa kumvura panguva yeiyo distillation maitiro.

Iyo RON yepeturu inokanganiswa nehuwandu hwehydrocarbon makomputa anoita seantiknock mumiririri (semuRON zvinowedzera zvinotengeswa mumotokari zvigadzirwa).

Nzira dzekugadzirisa octane nhamba

Kuti uone kuti ndeapi giredhi evatyairi peturu vanofanirwa kushandisa mumotokari yavo yakashongedzwa neinjini chaiyo, iyo inogadzira inoiyedza nereferensi peturu. Injini yekutsva yemukati yakaiswa pachigadziko. Iko hakuna kudikanwa kwekukwira zvakakwana iyo injini yese, imwechete-humburumbira analogue ine yakafanana parameter inokwana.

Mainjiniya vanoshandisa akasiyana mamiriro ezvinhu kuti vaone nguva inoitika kudhonzwa. Iyo parameter yeiyo tembiricha yeVTS, yekumanikidza simba uye mamwe ma parameter pane iyo imwe mafuta inodzima yakazvimiririra shanduko. Kubva pane izvi, zvinotsanangurwa kuti mafuta anoshanda anoshandisa mafuta api.

Octane kuyera maitiro

Izvo hazvigoneke kuita chiyero chakadai kumba. Iko kune chishandiso chinogadza iyo unit yeiyo octane nhamba yepeturu. Asi nzira iyi haiwanzoshandiswa nemalabhoritari ehunyanzvi anoongorora mhando yemafuta anotengeswa munyika, sezvo iine kukanganisa kukuru.

Kunyatso kuona iyo RON peturu, vagadziri ve petroleum zvigadzirwa mumarabhoritari mamiriro vanoshandisa nzira mbiri:

1. Iyo yemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa unopisa kusvika pamadhigirii zana nemakumi mashanu. Inodyiswa mumotokari, iyo inomhanya inoiswa pa150 rpm. Iyi nzira inoshandiswa kuyedza yakaderera octane peturu;
2. Iyo yechipiri nzira haina kupihwa preheating iyo HTS. Inopihwa mota, iyo inomhanya iyo yakaiswa pa600 rpm. Iyi nzira inoshandiswa kuongorora kutevedzera peturu, iyo octane nhamba inopfuura 92.

Kuyera zviridzwa

Ehezve, nzira dzakadai dzekutarisa peturu hadziwanikwe kune anowanzo mutyairi, saka anofanirwa kugutsikana nechakakosha chishandiso - octane mita. Kazhinji kazhinji, inoshandiswa nevaridzi vemotokari avo vanosarudza chiteshi chegesi chavanoda, asi kuti varege kuyedza pane chinodhura simba chinzvimbo chemotokari.

Chikonzero chekusavimbana uku kusatendeseka kwevatengesi vanoshandisa yakaderera-mafuta kana yakasanganiswa peturu nekuda kwekufumisa.

Chigadzirwa chacho chinoshanda pane chirevo che dielectric zvimiro zvepeturu. Iyo yakakwira iri, iyo yakakwira nhamba ye octane inoratidzwa nechishandiso. Kuti uone parameter, iwe uchazoda chikamu chekutonga peturu yakachena ine nhamba inozivikanwa yeoctane. Kutanga, chishandiso chinoyerwa, uye ipapo peturu inotorwa kubva mune yakazadzwa inofananidzwa nemuenzaniso.

Nekudaro, iyi nzira ine yakakosha kudzoka. Chigadzirwa chinoda kuvezwa. Kune izvi, chero n-heptane inoshandiswa (RON zero), kana peturu ine nhamba inozivikanwa ye octane. Zvimwe zvinhu zvakare zvinokanganisa kuyerwa kwechokwadi.

Pakati pezvigadzirwa zvinozivikanwa zveiyi nzira ndeye Russian OKTIS. Inonyanya kuvimbika uye yakarurama mune zviyero - yekunze analogue yeDigatron.

Nzira yekuwedzera sei octane nhamba yepeturu

Iwe unogona kuwedzera octane nhamba yepeturu iwe wega kana iwe ukatenga yakanyatsogadzirirwa yakagadzirirwa ichi. Muenzaniso wechigadzirwa chakadai Lavr Inotevera Octane Plus. Chinhu chacho chinodururwa mutangi yegasi mushure mekuwedzera mafuta. Inonyungudika nekukurumidza mupeturu. Zvinoenderana nezvimwe zviyero, mumiriri anowedzera octane nhamba kusvika kumatanhatu matanhatu. Sekureva kwemugadziri, kana mota ikafanira kumhanyisa peturu makumi mapfumbamwe neshanu, mutyairi anogona kuzadza repfumbamwe uye odira ichi chinowedzera mutangi.

Pakati pekufananidza idiki zvishoma, asi zvakare wedzera iyo frequency renji:

• Astrohim Octane + (3-5 zvikamu);
• Octane + naOctane Plus (kuwedzera nezvikamu zviviri);
• Liqui Moly Octane + (anosvika mashanu mayuniti).

Chikonzero nei varidzi vemotokari vazhinji vachishandisa peturu makumi mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe nezvimwe zvinowedzera panzvimbo peyakarehwa makumi mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe kana makumi mapfumbamwe neshanu ndiyo chitendero chakakurumbira (dzimwe nguva chisina pasi) chekuti varidzi vezviteshi zvegesi ivo pachavo vanoshandisa nzira iyi.

Kazhinji, zvinhu zvinoderedza mukana wekusati kwasvika kudonhedzesa zvinoshandiswa kuwedzera kuramba kurwisa kusati kwasvika. Muenzaniso weiyi mhinduro ine doro kana tetraethyl lead. Kana iwe ukashandisa chinhu chechipiri, saka kabhoni dhipoziti inounganidzwa pamapistoni nemavharuvhu.

Iko kunwa kwedoro (ethyl kana methyl) kune mashoma mhedzisiro yakaipa. Iyo yakadzvanywa kubva pachiyero chechimwe chikamu chechinhu kusvika kune gumi zvikamu peturu. Seizvo avo vanoshandisa nzira iyi vanovimbisa, gasi rekubvisa remotokari rinova rakachena uye kuputika hakuna kucherechedzwa. Zvisinei, inofanira kutarisirwa mupfungwa kuti doro rinewo "rutivi rwakasviba" - iyo hygroscopic, ndiko kuti, inokwanisa kutora unyoro. Nekuda kweizvi, zvese mutangi uye mumafuta system, peturu ichave yakakwira muzana mwando, izvo zvinokanganisa mashandiro einjini.

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve zvinowedzerwa zverudzi urwu, ona vhidhiyo inotevera:

Peturu (mafuta) zvinowedzera - UNODA HERE? VERSION YANGU

Maitiro ekudzikisa octane nhamba

Kunyangwe hazvo mota dzemazuva ano dzakagadzirirwa kumhanya nepeturu-octane peturu, kuchine mota zhinji idzo injini dzinoshandisa makumi masere uye dzimwe nguva kunyangwe nemhando makumi manomwe neshanu peturu. Uye izvi hazvingoshandi chete kumotokari dzekare, asiwo kune dzimwe mota dzazvino, semuenzaniso, kufamba-kumashure kwetarakita kana michina yakakosha (emagetsi emagetsi).

Panzvimbo dzinowanikwa gasi, mafuta akadaro haana kutengeswa kwenguva yakareba, nekuti haina pundutso. Kuti vasashandure hunyanzvi, varidzi vanoshandisa nzira yekudzikisa octane nhamba, nekuda kwekuti iko kushanda kweinjini kunoenderana nehunhu hwepfumbamwe peturu. Hedzino dzimwe nzira:

1. Vamwe vanhu vanosiya gaba repeturu rakavhurika kwechinguva. Kunyange iri yakavhurika, zvinowedzera zvinowoneka kubva mumafuta. Inowanzo gamuchirwa kuti HR inoderera nehafu yeyuniti zuva rega rega. Masvomhu anoratidza kuti zvinotora angangoita mavhiki maviri kutendeuka kubva pamakumi mapfumbamwe nematanhatu kuenda pamakumi masere. Ehezve, mune ino kesi, iwe unofanirwa kuve wakagadzirira kuti huwandu hwemafuta hwakanyanya kuderedzwa;
2. Kusanganisa peturu neparafini. Pakutanga, vatyairi vaishandisa nzira iyi, sezvo pasina chikonzero chekutambisa vhoriyamu iyo yaibhadharwa mari. Izvo chete zvinokanganisa ndezvekuti zvakaoma kusarudza chikamu chakakodzera.

Icho chiuto chine njodzi

Iko kushandiswa kwepasi-octane peturu muinjini, zvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi izvo zvinoratidza imwe mhando yemafuta, zvinogona kukonzeresa kudzikisira. Sezvo pisitoni uye crank mashini akatarisana nemutoro muhombe, zvisiri zvechimwe chirwere, matambudziko anotevera anogona kuoneka nemota:

• Kupisa kwemagetsi;
• Kuneta uye deformation yemapistoni;
• Kushanduka kwematanda ekubatanidza;
• Kupisa kweinjini uye inosangana nemhedzisiro isingafadzi.

Izvi ndizvo zvimwe zvezvikonzero nei injini isingafanire kumhanyisa pane yakaderera octane peturu.

Mukupedzisa - imwe vhidhiyo yakatsaurirwa kudhononi:

Kugogodza - KUSHUNGURUDZA NOKUDZIVIRIRA MOTORI

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Ndeipi peturu ine yepamusoro octane chiyero? Rudzi urwu rwepeturu runoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari dzemitambo. Peturu inotungamirwa ndiyo yakanyanya octane (140). Iyo inotevera haina kuburitswa - 109.

Ko nhamba yeoctane yepeturu 92 inorevei? Uku ndiko kugogodza kuramba kwemafuta (kana inosvika pane tembiricha inongobatidza moto). Och 92 kana imwe inotangwa murabhoritari.

Nzira yekuziva sei octane nhamba yemafuta? Mu laboratory mamiriro, izvi zvinoitwa uchishandisa 1-cylinder injini. Kushanda kwayo papeturu kunofananidzwa neicho pamusanganiswa we isooctane neN-heptane.