Chinangwa uye musimboti wekushanda kweiyo inotonhora fan

Sezvo mashandiro einjini yemukati yemoto inosanganisirwa kwete chete neyakakwira michina mitoro, asiwo neakanyanya kupisa tembiricha. Zve kutsigira kushanda tembiricha Power unit, kuitira kuti irege kukundikana nekuda kwemitoro inorema, imwe nadzurudzo yakagadziriswa neyekutonhora system. Kune mhepo uye kutonhora kwemvura. Tsanangudzo pamusoro pemotokari inotonhorera mudziyo inotsanangurwa mune imwe ongororo.

Kuti ubvise kupisa kwakanyanya kubva muinjini, pane radiator mune inotonhorera masystem, uye mune mamwe mamodheru emota haisi imwe. Fani yakaiswa padivi peichi chinhu. Funga nezvechinangwa chechikamu ichi, kuti inoshanda sei, inoshanda sei, uye zvekuita kana muchina ukatadza munzira.

Chii chinonzi mota radiator fan

Kana mota ichimhanya, inogadzira kupisa kwakawanda. Iyo cylinder block yeiyo yakasarudzika yemukati injini yemoto pachayo yakagadzirirwa kuti paine mhango mumadziro ayo, iyo izere nechitonhodza (kutonhora bhachi). Iyo inotonhodza sisitimu inosanganisira pombi yemvura inomhanya apo crankshaft inotenderera. Iyo yakabatana necrankshaft kuburikidza nebhanhire renguva (verenga zvakawanda nezvazvo zvakasiyana). Iyi nzira inogadzira kutenderera kwemvura inoshanda muhurongwa, nekuda kwekuti, nerubatsiro rwayo, kupisa kunobviswa pamadziro einjini.

Iyo inopisa antifreeze kana antifreeze inoenda kubva kuinjini kuenda kune radiator. Ichi chinhu chinotaridzika senge chinodziya chine huwandu hwakawanda hwetubhubhu dzakatetepa uye mapini anotonhorera kuti uwedzere nzvimbo yekubatana. Mamwe mashoko nezve mudziyo, mhando uye musimboti wekushanda kwema radiator zvinotsanangurwa pano.

Iyo radiator inobatsira chete kana mota ichifamba. Panguva ino, kuyerera kuri kuuya kwemhepo inotonhorera kunovhuvhuta pamusoro pechiso cherediyeta, nekuda kwekuti iko kupisa kuchinjika kunoitika. Ehe, kushanda kwayo kunoenderana netembiricha yekunze, asi paunenge uchityaira, kuyerera uku kuchiri kutonhorera zvakanyanya kupfuura injini inotonhorera.

Nheyo yekushanda kwekutonhora iri panguva imwechete kusagadzikana kwayo - kutonhodza kwakanyanya kunogoneka chete kana muchina uchifamba (mweya unotonhorera unofanirwa kupinda mukati memhepo inopisa). Mumaguta mamiriro, hazvigoneke kuve nechokwadi chenguva dzose maitiro nekuda kwemarobhoti uye kuwanda kwenzira dzemumaguta. Mhinduro chete kudambudziko iri kugadzira kumanikidzwa jekiseni remhepo padenga redhiyeta. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvinoita fan.

Kana tembiricha yeinjini ikakwira, ma sensors anokonzereswa uye iyo yekupisa inopisa inopepereswa. Kunyanya chaizvo, iwo mapanga anogadziriswa kuitira kuti kuyerera kwemweya kusapihwe kurwisa mafambiro ayo, asi kunoyamwa mukati. Nekuda kweizvi, chishandiso chinokwanisa kuwedzera kufema kwemhepo redhiyo kunyangwe mota ichifamba, uye kana mota yakamira, mweya mutsva unopinda muchikamu cheinjini, uye nharaunda inopisa iripedyo neinjini haina kubatanidzwa.

Mumota dzekare, feni yakanga yakanamatira kune crankshaft, zvekuti yaive nemotokari yekusingaperi. Kana muzhizha maitiro akadaro achingobatsira chete simba remagetsi, saka munguva yechando, kutonhora kwakanyanya kwemotokari hakuna kunaka. Ichi chimiro chekugara uchishanda kwechigadzirwa chakakurudzira mainjiniya kugadzira analogue yaizongoshanda chete kana zvichidikanwa.

Fan mudziyo uye mhando

Kunyangwe kukosha kwakakosha kweiyo inotonhora system, iyi mashini ine chishandiso chakapusa mudziyo. Zvisinei nekushandurwa, dhizaini dhizaini ichave nezvinhu zvitatu:

• Iyo casing, inova iyo hwaro hwechimisikidzo, inoiswa pane radiator pachayo. Chinhu chinoshamisa chechinhu ichi ndechekuti dhizaini yacho inomanikidza kuyerera kwemhepo kuti ushande munzira imwechete - kwete kuti iparadze painosangana neyechinjana kupisa, asi kuti ipfuure napo. Iyi dhizaini yekasi inobvumidza kutonhodza kwakanyanya kweiyo radiator;
• Vanyengeri. Imwe neimwe blade inogumburwa zvishoma zvine hukama neiyo axis, senge chero fan, asi kuitira kuti pavanotenderera, mweya unoyamwa mukati kuburikidza neanopisa kupisa. Kazhinji chinhu ichi chine 4 kana mamwe mashizha;
• Dhiraivha.

Zvichienderana nemhando yechigadzirwa, dhiraivha inogona kunge iri yerudzi rwakasiyana. Kune matatu makuru emhando:

• Zvokuimba;
• Hydromechanical;
• Magetsi.

Ngatifungei mumwe nadzurudzo yoga.

Zvokuimba dhiraivha

Iyo yemuchina dhiraivha ine yakapusa dhizaini. Muchokwadi, urwu rudzi rwe fan rinosunganidzwa zvachose. Zvichienderana nehunhu hwemota, inogona kusunganidzwa kune crankshaft kuburikidza ne pulley kana kuburikidza nebhandi renguva. Kutanga mota ipapo ipapo kunotungamira mukushanda kwemhepo, iko kuridza nguva dzose kweanopisa kupisa uye yeyuniti yemagetsi inoitwa.

Kukanganisa kwerudzi urwu rwe fan ndeyekuti inotonhodza heatsink kunyangwe isingadiwe. Semuenzaniso, kana uchidziya injini inotonhora, zvakakosha kuti iyo unit isvike pakushanda kwekushanda, uye munguva yechando izvi zvinotora nguva yakareba nekuda kwemvura inotonhora zvakanyanya. Chero kusashanda kwemaitiro akadaro kunogona kukanganisa kushanda kwesimba remagetsi, sezvo chikamu chemu torque chichi shandiswa pane chinotenderera chinhu che fan.

Zvakare, iyi gadziriro haibvumidze kuwedzera kumhanya kwekutenderera kwemasiwi zvakasiyana nekushanda kwemota. Nezvikonzero izvi, shanduko iyi haina kushandiswa mumotokari dzazvino.

Hydromechanical dhiraivha

Iyo hydromechanical drive iri yepamusoro shanduro, iyo zvakare inoshanda kubva kune yemagetsi unit. Chete mukugadzirwa kwayo kune akati wandei ekuwedzera zvinhu. In yakadaro feni inoshandiswa chaiyo batira ane viscous kana hydraulic mhando kushanda. Kunyangwe paine misiyano, ivo vane iwo iwo musimboti wekushanda. Mune hydraulic vhezheni, kutenderera kwemhepo kunoenderana nehuwandu hwemafuta anopinda mairi.

Iyo viscous clutch inova nechokwadi chekuti fan inotanga nekumira nekuchinja tembiricha yesilicone yekuzadza (kuchinja kuwanda kwayo). Sezvo michina yakadaro iine dhizaini yakaoma, uye kufamba kwemasiwi kunoenderana nekushanda kwemvura, ivo, senge analogue yemuchina, zvakare hainyanyo shandiswa mumishini yemazuva ano.

Dhiraivha yemagetsi

Iyo yemagetsi drive ndiyo yakatendeseka uye panguva imwecheteyo yakapusa sarudzo, iyo inoshandiswa mune dzese mota dzazvino. Mukugadzirwa kwe fan yakadaro, pane mota yemagetsi inotyaira impeller. Rudzi urwu rwekutyaira rine magetsi kana remagetsi musimboti wekushanda. Yechipiri nadzurudzo inowanzoitika mumarori. Iyo yemagetsi clutch ine inotevera mamiriro.

Iyo electromagnet yakaiswa pane hub, iyo inosunganidzwa kune armature yemagetsi mota kuburikidza neshizha chitubu, uye inokwanisa kutenderera. Mune yakanyarara mamiriro, magetsi emagetsi haashande. Asi panongotonhora iyo inotonhorera inosvika angangoita 80-85 degrees, iyo tembiricha sensor inovhara magineti ekutaurirana. Iyo inogadzira magnetic field, nekuda kwekuti inokwezva nhumbi yemagetsi yemagetsi mota. Chinhu ichi chinopinda mucoil uye kutenderera kwemapeji kunoitwa. Asi nekuda kwekunetseka mukugadzirwa, chirongwa chakadai hachishandiswe mumotokari dzakareruka.

Kushandiswa kwemagetsi kunoita kuti zvikwanise kupa nzira dzinoverengeka dzekushandisa kwechigadzirwa, zvichienderana netembiricha yekutonhodza uye nekumhanya kweiyo crankshaft. Iko kusarudzika kwekutyaira kwakadai ndiko kuti kunogona kuvhurwa kwakasununguka nekushanda kweinjini yemukati yemoto. Semuenzaniso, injini painenge ichidziya, fan yacho haishande, uye kana iyo inotonhorera yasvika pakakwirira tembiricha, iyo impeller inotanga kutenderera.

Nekuda kwekupa iyo inotonhodza system neyekuwedzera kuyerera kwemhepo, mune yekupedzisira kesi, zvinokwana kumonyorodza fan munzvimbo yakakodzera uye kuibatanidza kune yemotokari wiring harness. Sezvo shanduko yakadaro ichishandiswa mumotokari dzazvino, isu zvakare tichafunga nezve musimboti wekushanda kwerudzi urwu rwevafeni.

Nheyo yekushanda kweinjini inotonhora fan

Kuti uite fan iyo pazvinenge zvichidikanwa, yakabatana neimwe sisitimu inoongorora nzvimbo yekushanda. Chishandiso chayo, zvichienderana neshanduro, inosanganisira inotonhorera tembiricha sensor uye fan relay. Iyi dunhu remagetsi rakabatana ne fan fan.

Sisitimu yakapusa yakadaro inoshanda seinotevera. Imwe sensor yakaiswa pane radiator inlet inorekodha iyo inotonhora tembiricha. Kana ikangokwira kune yakakosha kukosha, chishandiso chinotumira chiratidzo chemagetsi kune relay. Panguva ino, kusangana kwemagetsi emagetsi kunokonzereswa uye mota yemagetsi yakavhurwa. Kana tembiricha iri mumutsetse inodonha, iyo chiratidzo kubva kune iyo sensor inomira kuuya, uye iyo yekutaurirana inobatana inovhura - iyo impeller inomira kutenderera.

Mune mamwe epamberi masisitimu, maviri tembiricha sensors akaiswa. Mumwe anomira panzvimbo inotonhorera kune radiator, uye imwe yacho kuburitsa. Mune ino kesi, iyo fan inovhenekerwa neiyo control unit pachayo, iyo inosarudza ino nguva nemusiyano muzviratidzo pakati peaya ma sensors. Pamusoro peiyi paramende, iyo microprocessor inofunga nezvesimba rekutsikirira peturu (kana kuvhura kudzipa), injini kumhanya uye kuverenga kwevamwe sensors.

Dzimwe mota dzinoshandisa mafeni maviri kusimudzira mashandiro eiri kutonhora sisitimu. Kuvapo kwechimwe chinotenderera chinhu kunotendera kutonhora nekukurumidza kwechinopisa kupisa nekuda kwekuyerera kukuru kwemhepo inotonhorera. Kudzora kwesisitimu yakadaro kunoitwawo neyuniti yekudzora. Mune ino kesi, mamwe maalgorithms anokonzereswa mu microprocessor. Nekuda kweizvi, zvemagetsi hazvigone chete kungochinja kumhanya kwekutenderera kwemazai, asiwo kudzima imwe yeva fan kana ese ari maviri.

Zvakare, mota zhinji dzakashongedzerwa nehurongwa umo fan inoramba ichishanda kwenguva yakati mushure mekunge injini yadzimwa. Izvi zvinodikanwa kuitira kuti mushure mekushanda kwakasimba mota inopisa inoramba ichitonhorera kwechinguva. Kana injini yadzimwa, iyo inotonhorera inomira kutenderera kuburikidza nehurongwa, nekuda kwekuti tembiricha iri muchikamu inokwira zvakanyanya, uye kupisa kupisa hakuitwe.

Izvi zvinoitika zvisingawanzoitika, asi kana injini yanga ichimhanya pakushisa kwakanyanya uye ikadzimwa, iyo antifreeze inogona kutanga kufashaira uye kugadzira mhepo yekukiya. Kuti udzivise uyu mutoro mune mimwe michina, fan inoramba ichirova mweya kune iyo cylinder block. Maitiro aya anodaidzwa kuti fan fan.

Iko kusakosha kukuru kweiyo fan radiator

Kunyangwe iri dhizaini yakapusa uye yakavimbika kwazvo, mafeni anotonhora anotadzawo, senge chero imwe nzira mumotokari. Panogona kuve nezvikonzero zvakawanda zvakasiyana zveizvi. Ngatimbokurukurai zvakajairika kuputsika uye maitiro ekuzvigadzirisa.

Kazhinji kazhinji, madhiraivha anotarisana nezvinokanganisa zvinotevera:

• Kana injini ichimhanya (mota yakamira kwenguva refu), iko kumanikidza kweanopisa kupisa hakutendeuki;
• Iyo fan inoshanda patembiricha dzakakwirira;
• Mhepo inovhuvhuta pamusoro redhiyeta nguva dzose;
• Makasi anotanga kutenderera nguva isati yakwana pane iyo inotonhorera inosvika panodiwa kupisa;
• Mufeni anotendeuka kazhinji, asi mota inopisa mwenje haishande. Mune ino kesi, iwe unofanirwa kutarisa kuti maseru erediyeta akasviba sei, nekuti mweya haufanire kungoyerera uchienda pamusoro peanopisa kupisa, asi upfuure nepakati;
• Kana iro radiator yemweya ichivhurwa, kuyerera kwacho hakupinde muchikamu cheinjini, asi kunodyiswa nenzira yakatarisana. Chikonzero cheiri basa ipini isiriyo yetambo (iwe unofanirwa kuchinjanisa matanda emagetsi emagetsi);
• Kuputsa kana kushanduka kwejasi. Usati watsiva impeller neimwe nyowani, zvinodikanwa kuti uwane chikonzero chekuparara kwakadai. Dzimwe nguva izvi zvinogona kuitika nekumisikidza kuverenga kana kuisirwa fan iyo isina kuitirwa modhi yemotokari iyi. Zvikasadaro, iko kuputsika kwemashizha ndiwo mhedzisiro yehunhu kusakara uye kubvarura kwechinhu.

Nepo zvese izvi "zviratidzo" zvisingadiwe kuti zviitwe nemagetsi, zvinorwadza kana feni ikatadza kubatidza zvachose. Izvi ndizvo, nekuti mune iyi kesi, kupisa kweinjini kunovimbiswa. Ukaramba uchichishandisa patembiricha yakakwira, inokurumidza kukundikana.

Kana fan iri ichishanda panopisa kupfuura 80-85 degrees (kazhinji izvi zvinoitika mushure mekutsiva iyo tembiricha sensor), unofanirwa kutarisa kana iyo inotonhorera tembiricha sensor yakasarudzwa nemazvo. Kune shanduko dzemotokari dzinoshanda kuchamhembe kwemawere. Mune ino kesi, chishandiso chakagadzirirwa kuti chishande pakakwirira tembiricha.

Iyo yakashata thermostat inogona zvakare kukonzera kupisa. Tsanangudzo pamusoro pechigadzirwa ichi inotaurira pano... Mune ino kesi, rimwe divi reiyo inotonhora system ichave yakanyanyisa kupisa uye imwe inotonhora.

Chikonzero chekuparara kweanomanikidzwa kutonhora system (isina hukama neiyo thermostat) inogona kunge iri kukundikana kweimwe yeanonzwa (kana paine akati wandei) yetembiricha inotonhorera, kuparara kwemotokari mota, kana kurasikirwa kwekubatana redunhu remagetsi (semuenzaniso, waya yepakati inodonha, kuputira kwakakuvara kana kusangana kune oxidized). Kutanga, iwe unofanirwa kuitisa inoonekwa yekutarisa iyo wiring uye vanobatika.

Saizvozvowo, zvakakodzera kutaura nezve isingawanzo dambudziko dambudziko reanoshanda fan ine inotonhora injini. Iri dambudziko rakajairika kune mota dzakashongedzerwa nemukati mekutonhodza mweya.

Tsanangudzo pamusoro pake inotsanangurwa muvhidhiyo iyi:

FAN VANOMHANYA paCold ENGINE. ZVEKUITA. Kune ese michina ine AIR KUSVIRA.

Zvakare, iyo system inogona kuyedzwa nenzira dzinotevera:

1. "Ridza" iyo wiring uchishandisa tester, multimeter kana "control";
2. Iyo mota yemagetsi inogona kuyedzwa kuti isabatika here nekuibatanidza yakanangana nebhatiri. Muchiitiko ichi, zvakakosha kuti uone polarity. Kana injini ichishanda, saka dambudziko riri mumatare, kusangana kwakashata, kana mu sensor tembiricha;
3. Iko kushanda kweiyo sensor kunoongororwa nekuvhara waya dzayo. Kana feni ikatendeuka nguva imwe chete, ipapo sensor yekushisa inoda kuchinjwa.

Zvakakosha kufunga kuti kune mazhinji emhando dzemotokari dzazvino, kuongororwa kwakadai hakuwanikwe nekuda kwekuti wiring mavari inogona kuvanzwa zvakanaka, uye hazvisi nyore nguva dzose kusvika kune sensor. Asi kana paine dambudziko nefeni kana chimwe chezvinhu zvehurongwa, iyo yemagetsi control unit inozobva yaburitsa kukanganisa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, injini yeinjini inozovhenekera pane jira rechiridzwa. Mamwe ari-mubhodhi masisitimu anotendera akajairwa kuzviongorora-maitiro. Iwe unogona sei kusheedza kumusoro inoenderana menyu pane iyo-pabhodhi komputa skrini, verenga pano... Zvikasadaro, iwe unofanirwa kuenda kune yekuongorora komputa.

Kana zviri zvekutanga kushanda kwe fan, ichi kazhinji chiratidzo chechakakora tembiricha yekutonhora. Kunyangwe yega auto makanika asingakwanise kunyorera kumhedziso iyi, kana injini ichiwanzosvika tembiricha yekushanda, haufanire kunetseka kuti sisitimu inotanga kumberi kupfuura pazvinodiwa. Kupisa kwakanyanya zvakanyanya kune injini yemukati yemoto. Asi kana zvakakosha kumutyairi kuti mota inosangana nemamiriro ezvakatipoteredza, saka dambudziko iri rinofanira kugadziriswa, nekuti muinjini inotonhorera mweya-musanganiswa wemafuta hautsve zvakanyanya. Nekufamba kwenguva, izvi zvinokanganisa zvisizvo (nei uchizvida mumotokari, verenga pano).

Kana feni mota ichimhanya nguva dzose, ichi chiratidzo chesaenzi yakundikana, asi kazhinji izvi zvinoitika nekuda kwe "kunamatira pamwe" vanobata mureyi (kana coil yemagetsi yemagetsi yatsva, kana shanduko iyi ikashandiswa mumushini ). Kana iyo thermostat ikatyoka, saka kazhinji radiator inotonhora uye feni haizoshanda, kunyangwe pane yakanyanya mota tembiricha. Izvi zvinoitika kana thermostat yakanamatira munzvimbo yakavharwa. Kana yakavharwa munzvimbo yakavhurika, ipapo injini inotonhora yemukati inotora inotora nguva yakareba kuti isvike tembiricha yekushanda (iyo inotonhorera inotenderera pakarepo mudenderedzwa hombe, uye injini haipisi).

Chii chaunofanira kuita kana feni ikakundikana uchifamba?

Hazvina kujairika kuti fan inotonhorera ipunzike kumwe kunzira. Kana ikamira kushanda, ipapo mune yeguta modhi iyo antifreeze inonyatso kubika. Heano mashoma manomano anogona kubatsira mune iyi kesi:

• Chekutanga, kana kukanganiswa kwakaitika munzira huru, saka mune yekumhanya-mhanya mode zviri nyore kupa mweya kumhepo inopisa. Kuti uite izvi, zvakakwana kufamba pasipidhi isingasviki pane 60 km / h. Mune ino kesi, mhepo inotonhorera muhuwandu hwakawanda inoyerera ichienda kune radiator. Mukutaura, fan yacho kashoma inoshandura iyi modhi, saka sisitimu inoshanda mushe.
• Chechipiri, iyo yekudziya sisitimu yemutakurwi inoshandisa iyo yekupisa simba yeiri kutonhora sisitimu, nekudaro, mune yekukurumidzira modhi, unogona kubatidza kudziya kuti umise hita radiator. Ehezve, muzhizha, kutyaira nemidziyo yemukati yakavhenekerwa kuchiri kunakidza, asi injini haizokundikana.
• Yetatu, iwe unogona kufamba mupfupi "madheshi". Museve unotonhorera usati wasvika pakukosha kwazvo, tinomira, kudzima injini, kuvhura hood uye kumirira kusvikira yatonhora zvishoma. Hapana mamiriro, panguva iyi maitiro, usadiridze iyo unit nemvura inotonhorera, kuti urege kuwana kutsemuka muye cylinder block kana musoro. Ehezve, munzira iyi, rwendo rwuchanonoka zvakanyanya, asi mota ichave isina kusimba.

Nekudaro, usati waita maitiro akadaro, unofanirwa kutarisa kuti nei fan yacho isinga batike. Kana dambudziko riri mune wiring kana sensor, saka kuchengetedza nguva, unogona kubatanidza mota yemagetsi yakanangana nebhatiri. Usatombo kunetseka nezvekushaya bhatiri. Kana iyo jenareta iri kushanda nemazvo, saka nepo injini yemukati yemoto iri kushanda, iyo-pabhodhi system inofambiswa nayo. Verenga zvakawanda nezve kushanda kwejenareta. zvakasiyana.

Kunyangwe mumota zhinji iwe unogona kutsiva iyo inofuridza mhepo pachako, kana mota ichiri pasi pewarandi, zvirinani kushandisa masevhisi enzvimbo yebasa.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Zita refani painjini chii? Iyo radiator fan inonziwo inotonhorera. Mune dzimwe mota, inotonhorera mbiri inoiswa (mafeni maviri akazvimirira kubva kune mumwe nemumwe).

Fani iri mumotokari inofanira kubatidzwa riini? Kazhinji inobatidza kana mota yakamira kwenguva yakareba kana iri mutofi. Iyo inotonhorera inobatidzwa kana tembiricha yekutonhora yadarika kukosha kwekushanda.

Fani yemota inoshanda sei? Panguva yekushanda, motokari inopisa. Kuti irege kupisa, sensor inogadziriswa iyo inomutsa fan drive. Zvichienderana nemhando yemotokari, fan inoshanda nenzira dzakasiyana.

Feni inotonhodza sei injini? Kana chinotonhodza chichibatidzwa, mablades ayo anoyamwa mumhepo inotonhorera kuburikidza nemuchinjisa wekupisa kana kumanikidza paradiyeta. Izvi zvinomhanyisa maitiro ekupisa kupisa, uye antifreeze inotonhora.