Toyota 1GD-FTV injini
Zviri mukati
Kutsiva ekare akatevedzana einjini dzeKD, vavaki veinjini dzeJapan vakurudzira masampuli emagetsi matsva 1GD-FTV uye 2GD-FTV. Iyo 1GD-FTV turbodiesel injini yakavakwa kubva pasi kumusoro. Pakutanga, kuisirwa kwayo kwakarongwa chete paLand Cruiser Prado, asi gare gare application yacho yakawedzera. Muvambi weiyo itsva Global Diesel (GD) akatevedzana akabatanidza zvese zvakanakisa uye zvepamberi mumunda wekuvaka injini.
Tsanangudzo uye nhoroondo yekusika
Injini dzeKD dzakateedzana dzakazviratidza dzisiri kubva kudivi rakanakisa. Kunyanya munyaya dzehupfumi uye zvinodiwa zvezvakatipoteredza zviyero. Hunhu husingagutsi hwakananga, ruzha rwepamusoro panguva yekushanda uye huwandu hwezvimwe zvinhu zvisina kunaka zvakaita kuti mainjiniya eJapan asangane nekudikanwa kwekugadzira injini yekupisa yemukati.
Tichifunga nezvekukanganisa kweiyo KD yakatevedzana, muna 2015 Toyota yakagadzira uye yakaunza itsva 1GD-FTV turbocharged injini yedhiziri mukugadzira.
Sekureva kwemugadziri, iyo 1GD-FTV yemagetsi unit, nekuda kwekugadzirisa kweiyo mafuta ekupisa maitiro, yave 15% zvakanyanya hupfumi kupfuura vaitangira. Panguva imwecheteyo, torque yakasimudzwa ne25%. Uye, zvakanyanya kushamisa, chiyero che nitric oxide mumagasi emhepo inoderedzwa ne99%.
Iyo cylinder block inokandwa simbi, isina-sleeved. Kune mota dzePrado neHiace mutsara, inogadziridzwa kuti igare yekuyeresa michina. HiLux mhando hadzina mudziyo wakadaro.
Musoro wecylinder wakagadzirwa nealuminium alloy, yakafukidzwa nekavha yepurasitiki.
Iyo pistons yakave nekuvandudzwa kukuru. Musoro une mugero wekutonhodza.
Iyo kamuri yekupisa yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya. Siketi yepiston ine anti-friction coating. Iyo groove yekumusoro yekumanikidza mhete ine yakakosha kuisa. Musoro wepiston unobatwa ne thermal insulating compound (porous anodic alumina).
Iyo gasi yekugovera michina (nguva) inogadzirwa zvinoenderana neDOHC 16V chirongwa.
Kushanda kwevhavha kunoitwa kuburikidza nemakamshafts maviri ane cheni drive kubva kumaketani maviri.
Kutyaira kwemidziyo ine hinged ibhande.
Kuvepo kwemafuta emafuta murubrication system kwakonzera kuvandudzwa mune ese ari maviri ekuzora mapiston uye kutonhora kwawo. Nekuda kwehunyanzvi uhu, kupaza kwepiston, senge muKD akateedzana emukati emoto injini, yadzika munhoroondo.
Iyo mhepo yekudyara system inoshongedzerwa ne compact turbine (zviyero zvave zvidiki ne30%). Iyo inoshanduka geometry yeguidhi vane inovimbisa kuti iyo yakakwana yemhepo yekumanikidza inochengetwa chero kumhanya kwe crankshaft. Turbine inotonhorera mvura. Mhepo yekuchaja inowedzera kutonhodzwa neintercooler yekumberi. Shanduko yechimiro chemigero yekutora, symbiosis yeturbine nyowani uye intercooler yakawedzera kushanda kweiyo mhepo yekupinda system ne11,5%.
Iyo Common Rail fuel system inopa jekiseni kumanikidza kwe35-220 MPa. Jekiseni remafuta rinoitika kaviri. Izvi zvinozadzisa kupisa kwayo kwakakwana. Mhedzisiro ndeyekuwedzera kwesimba, kuderera kwekupedza toxicity, kuve nechokwadi chekushandisa kwemafuta yakakwana uye kugadzira mamiriro akanaka ekuchengetedza hutongi hwekushisa.
Kuunza exhaust gasi kuEuro 6 zvakatipoteredza zviyero zvinovimbiswa ne:
- oxidative neutralizer (DOC);
- particulate filter (DPF);
- SCR uye ASC catalyst system.
Pamusoro pezvo, iyo exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system inoderedza kubuda kwenitrogen oxides. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo SCR system "inogadzirisa" kupera kune Euro 6 zviyero nekujoinha urea solution.
Chimwe chitsva chakave chinobatsira kumushandisi - inoshanda injini mounts. Ikozvino mota yanyarara, isinganzwe kuzunguzika kwaimboshungurudza. Yakadaro sisitimu inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pamotokari dzemhuri yePrado.
Zvinotsanangurwa zve 1GD-FTV injini
| Injini vhoriyamu, cm³ | 2755 |
| Simba, hp | 177 |
| Torque, N/m | 420-450 |
| Kukanganiswa kwehuwandu | 15,6 |
| Uwandu sepombi | 4 |
| Cylinder dhayamita, mm | 92-98 |
| Kurohwa kwepisitoni, mm | 103,6 |
| Mavharuvhu pamusoro humburumbira | 4 |
| Kutyaira kwemagetsi | DOHC 16V |
| Fuel | Dhiziri (DT) |
| Fuel jekiseni system | Zvakajairika Rail |
| Nozzle | Denso* |
| Turbocharging | VGT kana VNT |
| Kushandiswa kwemafuta (guta/mugwagwa/musanganiswa), l/100 km | 9,2/6.3/7,4** |
| Huru yemafuta, l | 7,5 |
| Mafuta anoshandiswa | ACEA C2 (0W-30)*** |
| Chiratidzo chezvakatipoteredza | Euro 6 |
| Huremu hunosanganisira kuzadza nemvura inoshanda, kg | 270-300 |
| Anenge sosi, km | 250000 |
Hwaro dzakamakwa neasterisk dzinofanirwa kutsanangurwa muMotokari Yekushandisa Mirayiridzo.
Kuvimbika, kushaya simba, kuchengetedza
Ruzhinji rwevaridzi vemotokari yeToyota vanocherechedza kuti injini ye1GD-FTV inhengo yakavimbika, asi zvichienderana nekurudziro yemugadziri. Zvakadaro, kushaya simba kweinjini yekupisa kwemukati kuchiri kushoma, asi kunoonekwa. Iwo anonetsa node uye zvikamu ndezvi:
- particulate filter (kuvhara);
- mapulagi anopenya (kuparadza);
- camshafts uye rockers (kuwedzera kupfeka);
- pombi yemafuta pakati pepombi yejekiseni uye njanji (kupera simba).
Zvikanganiso zviviri zvekupedzisira zvinozivikanwa nekambani sechikanganiso chayo. Mota dzakaungana muJapan (Kurume-Chikumi 2019) dzakapindura kubviswa kwehurema. Dambudziko rekuvhara iyo particulate sefa inokonzerwa nekuoma kwe auto-regeneration.
Yakakurudzirwa kutsiva iyo firmware, isa bhatani rekumanikidzwa rekuzvarwa patsva.
Chero zvazvingava, nguva nenguva kuchenesa turakiti rekudya uye EGR valve inodiwa kune yega yega yemazuva ano injini yedhiziri.
Kuti ubvise zvikonzero zvinotungamirira kuparadzwa kwezviputi zvinopenya, zvinokurudzirwawo kuchinja firmware.
Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yakanyorwa malfunctions inogona kukonzerwa nekuderera kwemhando yemafuta edu edhiziri. Kunyanya kana refueling inoitwa kubva kune asina kusimbiswa masosi. (Pane chiitiko ichi, nyaya yekuchengetedzwa kwekushandisa dizeli mafuta edhiziri uye zvikepe zvakadzokororwa kukurukurwa pamaforamu akasiyana).
Kusvika ikozvino, hapana ruzivo pamusoro pekuchengetedza, sezvo injini dzave dzichishandiswa kwenguva pfupi. Asi tichifunga nezvekuti cylinder block yakagadzirwa nesimbi yakakandwa, tinogona kugumisa kuti injini ye1GD-FTV inochengetedzwa.
Tuning
Pamotokari dzeToyota, zvinokwanisika kuwedzera simba re1GD-FTV simba unit kusvika 225 hp. Pabasa remotokari rakasarudzika, basa rakadaro rinoitwa nekukurumidza. Asi chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti mushure mekuita tuning zvine hunyanzvi, chishandiso chebasa chakaiswa nemugadziri chinochengetedzwa uye waranti yemutengesi inochengetedzwa.
Iyo chip tuning process inosanganisira kupenya yemagetsi control unit, kudzima EGR vharafu mu exhaust gasi recirculation system. (Ivhavha ndiyo inokonzera kupisa soot particles inoumbwa panguva yekupisa kwehuni).
Mushure mekugadzirisa, motokari inowana simba rakawedzerwa (225 hp) uye kuwedzera kwe torque kusvika 537 N / m (panzvimbo ye450 zvisati zvaitika). Shanduko dzakadaro dzine mhedzisiro yakanaka pa "maitiro" emuchina:
- simba rekuchengetedza rinowedzera zvakanyanya, iro rinokosha kana richipfuura mumugwagwa mukuru;
- kushandiswa kwemafuta kunoderedzwa;
- kumbomira kunopera paunodzvanya gasi pedal;
- kutsetseka kwegiya kuchinjika (otomatiki kutapurirana) kunoonekwa.
Mukuwedzera, varidzi vemotokari vakaona kuderedzwa kuduku kwekukurumidza nguva kusvika ku100 km / h (nemasekondi maviri).
Kuvandudzwa kwemota nekunetseka
Vavaki veToyota injini havana kumira pakubudirira kwakawanikwa uye vakaramba vachivandudza 1GD-FTV. Batch yekutanga yekuedza yakaitwa. Musiyano mukuru kubva kune wakatangira ndiko kuwedzera kwesimba kusvika 204 hp. Torque yakawedzera ne50 N/m kusvika 500 N/m.
Injini itsva inogadzirirwa mutsara weToyota Fortuner SUV. Zvinoenderana neruzivo rwuripo, kugadziridzwa kweToyota Hilux pickups kuri kugadzirira kugadzirirwa neinjini dzinopisa dzemukati.
Saka, tinogona kugumisa: mhando yeinjini yedhiziri yeJapan nyowani inogutsa zvizere zvese zvinodiwa nemutengi wedu. Zvichienderana nekurudziro dzese dzemugadziri, mota nyowani inoshanda kwenguva yakareba uye pasina kukundikana. Senguva dzose, vagadziri veinjini dzeJapan vaive pamusoro.
Imota dzipi dzakaiswa
