Toyota F, 2F, 3F, 3F-E injini
Zviri mukati
Yekutanga Toyota F yakatevedzana injini yakagadzirwa muna Zvita 1948. Kugadzirwa kweserial kwakatanga munaNovember 1949. Simba remagetsi rakagadzirwa kwemakore makumi mana nematatu, uye ndemumwe wevatungamiri maererano nenguva yekugadzira pakati pemagetsi emagetsi.
Nhoroondo yekugadzirwa kweToyota F mukati memoto injini
Injini yakagadzirwa muna December 1948. Yakanga iri shanduro yakagadziridzwa yepakutanga Type B injini. Chigadzirwa chemagetsi chakatanga kuiswa pamotokari yeToyota BM ya1949. Neiyi vhezheni yeinjini, mota yainzi Toyota FM. Marori akaendeswa kuBrazil pakutanga. Ipapo injini yakatanga kuiswa pamotokari dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutengesa, marori anodzima moto, amburenzi, uye motokari dzemapurisa dzinotarisa.
Musi waNyamavhuvhu 1, 1950, Toyota Corporation yakatanga kugadzira Toyota Jeep BJ SUV, tateguru weToyota Land Cruiser ine mukurumbira.
Motokari iyi yakagamuchira zita rekuti Land Cruiser muna 1955, ndokutanga kutengeswa kune dzimwe nyika pasi pezita iri. Mota dzekutanga kunze kunze dzakange dzakashongedzerwa neF dzakateedzana injini, izvo zvakaita kuti dzizivikanwe.
Yechipiri vhezheni yeinjini, inonzi 2F, yakatangwa muna 1975. Yechitatu yemazuva ano yechigadzirwa chemagetsi chakaitwa muna 1985 uye yakanzi 3F. Muna 1988, kuendeswa kweLand Cruisers neinjini iyi kwakatanga muUnited States. Gare gare, iyo 3F-E vhezheni ine jekiseni yakaonekwa. F yakatevedzana injini dzaivepo pamutsetse wegungano kusvika 1992. Ipapo kugadzira kwavo kwakamiswa zvachose.
Dhizaini maficha eF injini
Iyo Toyota Jeep BJ yakagadzirwa zvichienderana nemaitiro emauto eSUVs. Mota iyi yakagadzirirwa kukunda kunze kwenzira mamiriro uye yakanga isina kukodzera kutyaira paasphalt. Injini yeF yaienderanawo. Kutaura zvazviri, iri pasi-speed, low-speed motor ine nzvimbo huru yekufambisa zvinhu uye kutyaira mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma emugwagwa, uyewo munzvimbo dzisina migwagwa yakadaro.
Iyo cylinder block uye cylinder musoro inogadzirwa nesimbi yakakandwa. Masilinda matanhatu akarongwa mumutsara. Iyo magetsi ekupa system ndeye carburetor. Iyo ignition system ndeye mechanical, ine distributor-distributor.
Iyo OHV dhizaini inoshandiswa, uko mavharuvhu anowanikwa muhumburumbira musoro uye camshaft iri pasi pechivharo, yakaenzana ne crankshaft. Ivhavha inovhurwa uchishandisa pushers. Iyo camshaft drive igiya-mhando. Ichi chirongwa chakavimbika kwazvo, asi chine akawanda mahombe zvikamu zvine nguva huru ye inertia. Nekuda kweizvi, yakaderera injini injini haafariri kumhanya kwakanyanya.
Kuenzaniswa neyakatangira, iyo lubrication system yakagadziridzwa uye mapiston akareruka akaiswa. Vhoriyamu yekushanda i3,9 malita. Iyo injini yekumanikidza reshiyo yaive 6,8: 1. Simba raisiyana kubva pa105 kusvika ku125 hp, uye zvichienderana nekuti mota yacho yaitumirwa kunyika ipi. Iyo torque yakakura kubva 261 kusvika 289 Nm. pa 2000 rpm
Zvimiro, iyo silinda block inodzokorora ine rezinesi reAmerican-yakagadzirwa GMC L6 OHV 235 injini, inotorwa sehwaro. Iyo silinda yemusoro uye makamuri ekupisa anokweretwa kubva kuChevrolet L6 OHV injini, asi yakachinjirwa kune yakakura kutamiswa. Izvo zvikamu zvikuru zveToyota F injini hazvishanduke kune avo vekuAmerica. Iko kuverenga kwakaitwa kuti varidzi vemotokari vaizogutsikana nekuvimbika uye kusazvibata kweinjini dzakagadzirwa pahwaro hwenguva-yakaedzwa maanalogues eAmerica akazviratidza kuti akanaka.
Muna 1985, shanduro yechipiri ye2F injini yakabudiswa. Kushanda vhoriyamu yakawedzera kusvika 4,2 malita. Shanduko dzakakanganisa boka repiston; mhete imwe yemafuta yakabviswa. Sistimu yekuzora yakagadziridzwa, uye sefa yemafuta yakaiswa pamberi peinjini. Simba rakawedzera kusvika 140 hp. pa 3600 rpm.
3F yakatangwa muna 1985. Pakutanga, injini dzakaiswa kurudyi-kurudyi Land Cruisers pamusika wepamba, ipapo mota dzine injini dzakadaro dzakatanga kutumirwa kune dzimwe nyika. Zvakagadziridzwa:
- humburumbira chinogumbura;
- humburumbira musoro;
- kutora turakiti;
- exhaust system.
Iyo camshaft yakaendeswa kune musoro wehumburumbira, uye injini yakava pamusoro. Kutyaira kwaiitwa nengetani. Zvadaro, pane 3F-E vhezheni, kugoverwa kwemagetsi jekiseni remafuta rakatanga kushandiswa panzvimbo yecarburetor, izvo zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kuwedzera simba uye kuderedza huturu hwekubuda. Iyo injini yekufambisa yakadzikira kubva pa4,2 kusvika ku4 malita nekuda kwekupfupikiswa kwepiston sitiroko. Simba rejini rakawedzera ne15 kW (20 hp), uye torque yakawedzera ne14 Nm. Somugumisiro weidzi chinjo, sipidhi huru yakanga yakakwirira, zvichiita kuti injini ive yakakodzera zvikuru kufamba mumigwagwa yavose.
Technical specifications
Iyo tafura inoratidza humwe hunyanzvi hunhu hweiyo F yakatevedzana injini:
| Injini | F | 2F | 3F-E |
|---|---|---|---|
| Power system | Carburetor | Carburetor | Yakaparadzirwa jekiseni |
| Uwandu sepombi | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Huwandu mavharuvhu pa humburumbira | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Kukanganiswa kwehuwandu | 6,8:1 | 7,8:1 | 8,1:1 |
| Kushanda vhoriyamu, cm3 | 3878 | 4230 | 3955 |
| Simba, hp / rpm | 95-125 / 3600 | 135/3600 | 155/4200 |
| Torque, N.m / rpm | 261-279 / 2000 | 289/2000 | 303/2200 |
| Fuel | A 92 | A 92 | A 92 |
| Zvinyorwa | 500 + | 500 + | 500 + |
Torque nesimba zvaisiyana zvichienderana nenyika kwaiendeswa mota.
Zvakanakira uye kuipa kweF motors
Iwo F akateedzana injini dzakateya hwaro hwemukurumbira weToyota injini sezvisingatenderi, zvakavimbika zvidyarwa zvemagetsi. Iyo F injini inokwanisa kudhonza matani akati wandei emutoro, kukweva turera inorema, uye yakanakira kukunda kunze kwenzira mamiriro. Yakakwira torque pakumhanya kwakaderera uye yakaderera compression reshiyo inoita kuti ive isina kurerekera, omnivorous injini. Kunyangwe mirairo ichikurudzira kushandisa mafuta eA-92, injini yekupisa mukati inokwanisa kugaya chero peturu. Zvakanakira mota:
- kuve nyore kwekugadzira;
- kuvimbika uye yakakwirira kuchengetedza;
- kusanzwa kune mitoro;
- refu resource.
Motokari dzinokwanisa kurarama zviri nyore hafu yemiriyoni yemakiromita isati yagadziriswa zvikuru, kunyange kana ichishandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Zvakakosha kutarisa nguva dzebasa uye kuzadza injini nemafuta emhando yepamusoro.
Chinhu chikuru chinodzosera kumashure einjini idzi ndeyekunyanya kushandiswa kwemafuta. 25 - 30 litres peturu pa 100 km haisi muganhu weinjini idzi. Injini, nekuda kwekuderera kwadzo, hadzina kukodzera kufamba nekumhanya kwakanyanya. Izvi zvinoshanda kune imwe nhanho kune 3F-E injini, iyo ine zvishoma yakakwirira yepamusoro simba uye torque kumhanya.
Tuning mikana, chibvumirano injini.
Hazvina chokwadi kuti chero munhu angafunga kushandura injini yerori kuita injini yemitambo inosimudzira. Asi iwe unogona kuwedzera simba nekushandisa turbocharging. Low compression ratio, zvinhu zvinogara zvinokutendera kuti uise turbocharger pasina kupindira neboka repiston. Asi pakupedzisira, chero zvakadaro, shanduko dzakakosha dzichadikanwa.
F yakatevedzana injini dzave kunze kwekugadzirwa kweanoda kusvika makore makumi matatu, saka kuwana kontrakiti injini mumamiriro akanaka kwakaoma. Asi pane zvinopihwa, mutengo unotanga kubva ku30 zviuru rubles.
