Nguva inopisa pamberi peF-35
Sekureva kwekutaura, kutanga kwekuendeswa kweS-400 system kuTurkey kwakamutsa maitiro kubva kumaAmerican kusvika pakupera kwekubatana neAnkara pachirongwa cheF-35 Mheni II. Mufananidzo naClinton White.
Musi waChikunguru 16, Mutungamiriri wenyika, VaDonald Trump, vakazivisa kuti United States yaizopedza kubatana kwemauto nehupfumi neTurkey sechikamu cheLockheed Martin's F-35 Mheni II chirongwa chendege dzakawanda. Ichi chirevo ndicho chikonzero chekutanga kwekuendeswa kweS-400 air defense systems, iyo yakatengwa muRussia uye, pasinei nekumanikidzwa kubva kuWashington, Ankara haana kubva pachibvumirano chiri pamusoro. Sarudzo iyi ichave nezvakawanda zvinokonzeresa chirongwa ichi, chinogona kunzwikawo parwizi Vistula.
Chirevo chemutungamiri weUS mhedzisiro yakanangana nezviitiko zveChikunguru 12, apo ndege yeRussia yekutakura yakasvika paMurted air base padyo neguta guru reTurkey, ichiunza zvinhu zvekutanga zveS-400 system (kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, ona WiT 8/2019. ) ) Vazhinji vatauri vakataura kuti nguva refu yakadai pakati pezviitiko inogona kunge iri mhedzisiro yekusawirirana mukati meUS federal manejimendi pamusoro pesarudzo "dzokuranga" maTurks anowanikwa kuburikidza neCAATSA (Counting America's Adversaries through Sanctions Act) yakasainwa kuita mutemo muna Nyamavhuvhu 2017. . Pamusoro peiyo F-35 embargo, maAmerican anogonawo kudzikisira rutsigiro rwune chekuita nedzimwe mhando dzezvombo zvinoshandiswa neTurkey Armed Forces kana zviri kupihwa izvozvi (semuenzaniso, kutya izvi, Turkey yakawedzera kutenga kwezvipenga zveF-16C. / D mumavhiki achangopfuura, uye kune rumwe rutivi, Boeing neDhipatimendi reDziviriro vakapa yakakwana CH-47F Chinook helicopters). Izvi zvinogonawo kuonekwa mumashoko ezvematongerwo enyika ePotomac, umo panzvimbo yemashoko okuti "embargo" kana "kusabatanidzwa" chete "kumiswa" kunonzwika. Sezvambotaurwa, vashandi veTurkey vane chekuita nechirongwa cheF-35 vakakwanisa kubuda muUnited States mukupera kwaChikunguru. Zvechokwadi, hapana muAmerica anogona kuvimbisa kuti zvakavanzika zvepurogiramu yakabatwa neTurkey hazvizoiti, mukudzoka, kuzarurirwa kuRussia kana maChinese. Iwo mana F-35Aakatounganidzwa uye akaunzwa kumushandisi ari panzvimbo yeLuke muArizona, kwaachagara achimirira magumo avo. Sekureva kwezvirongwa zvekutanga, vekutanga vaifanira kusvika paMalatya base munaNovember wegore rino.
Parizvino, Lockheed Martin akaunganidza uye akaendesa mana maF-35A kuTurkey, ayo akatumirwa kuLuke Base muArizona, uko akashandiswa kudzidzisa vashandi veTurkey. Zvinoenderana nehurongwa, yekutanga F-35As yaizosvika muTurkey munaNovember wegore rino, yakazara Ankara yakazivisa kugadzirira kwayo kutenga anosvika zana makopi, nhamba iyi inogona zvakare kusanganisira iyo F-100B vhezheni. Mufananidzo naClinton White.
Sezvineiwo, aka hakasi kekutanga kuti maTurkey ave nematambudziko ekutenga ndege dzehondo dzeUS. Mumakore ekuma80, Ankara aifanira kugonesa Washington kuti "zvakavanzika" zveF-16C / D zvaisazopinda muSoviet Union nevabatsiri vayo. Vachitya kubuda kwemashoko, maAmerica haana kubvumirana nekutengeswa kwemotokari kuTurkey neGreece - maererano nemutemo wekuchengetedza kuenzanisa pakati pevarwi vaviri vanorwisana veNATO. United States yakagara ichitevera mutemo wekutengesa mhando dzezvombo kunyika dzose dziri mbiri.
Kutora chikamu kweTurkey muchirongwa cheF-35 Mheni II yakatanga kubva pakutanga kwezana rino ramakore, apo Ankara yakava mubatanidzwa wechinomwe wepurojekiti iyi muboka reTier 195. Turkey yakaisa US$2007 miriyoni muchirongwa ichi. Muna Ndira 116, zviremera zvaro zvakatanga kuzivisa chinangwa chavo chekutenga mota 35 mumhando yeF-100A, gare gare dzakaganhurirwa kune 35. Tichifunga nezvekukura kwemauto eTurkey Armed Forces, hazvigone kuverengerwa kuti kurongeka. yaizokamurwa pakati peF-35A neF. -2021B. Iwo ekupedzisira anoitirwa Anadolu kumhara helikopta, iyo inofanirwa kupinda sevhisi muna 10. Parizvino, Ankara yakaraira matanhatu F-11As mumabhechi maviri ekutanga (35th uye XNUMXth).
Zvakare muna 2007, kushandira pamwe kwemaindasitiri kwakavambwa nemabhizinesi eAmerica kutsvaga kugadzirwa kweF-35 zvikamu muTurkey. Chirongwa ichi parizvino chinosanganisira, pakati pezvimwe, Turkish Aerospace Industries, Kale Pratt & Whitney, Kale Aerospace, Alp Aviation uye Ayesaş, iyo inopa zvinopfuura mazana mapfumbamwe ezvimiro zveF-900 yega yega. Rondedzero yavo inosanganisira: chikamu chepakati chefuselage (zvese simbi uye zvikamu zvakaumbwa), chivharo chemukati chemhepo inotora, mapiloni ezvombo zvemhepo-pasi, zvinhu zveF35 injini, giya rekumhara, braking system, zvinhu zve data display system mucockpit kana control system mayuniti zvombo. Panguva imwecheteyo, inenge hafu yavo inobudiswa chete muTurkey. Kubva pano, Dhipatimendi reDziviriro rakaraira Lockheed Martin kuti akurumidze kutsvaga vamwe vatengesi muUnited States, izvo zvinogona kudhura bhajeti rekudzivirira madhora mazana matanhatu emamiriyoni. Kupedzwa kwekugadzirwa kwezvikamu zveF-135 muTurkey kwakarongerwa Kurume 600. Sekureva kwePentagon, shanduko yevatengesi inofanirwa kukanganisa chirongwa chose, zviri pamutemo. Imwe yeF35 injini sevhisi nzvimbo yaizovakwawo muTurkey. Sekureva kweiyo Ministry of Defense, nhaurirano dzatove kuenderera kune imwe yenyika dzeEurope kuitira kuti iendeswe. Muna 2020-135, zvakarongwa kuvhura nzvimbo mbiri dzerudzi urwu muNetherlands neNorway. Mukuwedzera, sechikamu chekuvandudzwa kweBlock 2020 version, makambani eTurkey aifanira kutora chikamu muchirongwa chekubatanidza ndege nemhando dzezvombo zvakagadzirwa muTurkey.
Kunenge pakarepo mushure mesarudzo yemutungamiri weAmerica, zvakawanda zvakabuda muPoland, zvichiratidza kuti nzvimbo dzakachengeterwa motokari dzeTurkey pamutsetse wekupedzisira wegungano muFort Worth dzinogona kutorwa neDhipatimendi reNational Defense, richizivisa kutengwa kweinenge 32 F. -35Kana iri Hondo Yemuchadenga. Zvinoita sokuti nyaya inokosha inguva, sezvo Netherlands inozivisawo murairo wemamwe makopi masere kana mapfumbamwe, uye chikamu chechipiri chinorongwawo neJapan (nekuda kwezvikonzero zvemari, ndege inofanira kubva kuFort Worth line) kana Republic. weKorea.
Iye zvino mubvunzo unoramba uripo mhinduro yeTurkey. Imwe yezvisarudzo inogona kunge iri kutengwa kweSu-57, pamwe nekubatanidzwa kwemakambani eRussia muchirongwa chekuvakwa kwechizvarwa chechishanu TAI TF-X ndege.
