Chikumbiro chePoznań chekuvandudza BVP-1

Munguva yeMSPO 2019 yegore rino, Poznań Wojskowe Zakłady Motoryzacyjne SA yakapa chirevo chekuvandudzwa kwakazara kweBWP-1, pamwe inonyanya kunakidza pakati pezvikumbiro zvakatsanangurwa neindasitiri yekudzivirira yePoland mukati mekota yezana ramakore rapfuura.

Hondo yePoland ichine pamusoro pe1250 BWP-1 mauto ekurwa evacheche. Aya ndiwo mashini ekupedzisira 60s modhi, ayo ari chaizvo asina kukosha kwekurwa nhasi. Mauto ane zvombo uye ane michina, kunyangwe kuedza kwakaitwa chikamu chechina chezana ramakore rapfuura, vachiri kumirira mutsivi wavo ... Saka mubvunzo unomuka - zvakakosha here kugadzirisa mota dzekare nhasi? Wojskowe Zakłady Motoryzacyjne SA kubva kuPoznań vagadzirira mhinduro yavo.

Motokari yekurwa yevacheche BMP-1 (Object 765) yakapinda basa neSoviet Army kare muna 1966. Vazhinji vanozviona, kwete chaizvo, semuenzaniso wekirasi nyowani yemotokari dzehondo, dzinonzi kuMadokero sevatakuri vevarwi vane zvombo zvevacheche. Motokari (BMP), uye muPoland budiriro iri nyore yekushandurwa kwechidimbu chayo - mota dzehondo dzevacheche. Panguva iyoyo, ainyatsokwanisa kuita fungidziro - aifamba chaizvo (kumhanya mumugwagwa weasphalt kusvika 65 km / h, mumunda unofungidzira kusvika 50 km / h, rwendo rwekufamba kusvika ku500 km mumugwagwa weasphalt) , kusanganisira kukwanisa kushambira, chiedza (kurwisa uremu 13,5 matani), yaidzivirira mauto nevashandi kubva pamoto wezvombo zviduku uye shrapnel, uye - muchirevo - yakanga yakashongedzerwa zvikuru: 73-mm medium-pressure gun 2A28 Grom, yakabatanidzwa. ine 7,62-mm PKT, pamwe neanti-tangi kuisirwa 9M14M imwechete kutungamira Malyutka. Iyi seti yakaita kuti zvikwanise kurwa kunyangwe nematangi pasi pemamiriro akanaka. Mukuita, zvombo nezvombo zvakakurumidza kuve zvisina kusimba, uye nekuda kwemukati wakamanikana, kutyaira nekumhanya kwakanyanya, kunyanya kunze kwenzira, zvakapedza varwi zvakanyanya. Saka, makore gumi nemaviri gare gare, muUSSR, mutsivi wayo, BMP-2, yakagamuchirwa. Pakutanga kwema80s uye 90s, vakaonekwawo muHondo yePoland, muhuwandu hwakaita kuti zvikwanisike kugadzirira mauto maviri (nenhamba yemabasa panguva iyoyo), asi mushure memakore gumi ekushanda, zvinonzi atypical motokari dzaive. kutengeswa kunze kwenyika. Yakanga iri iyo iyo dambudziko rinoramba riripo nanhasi rakatanga, rakabatana - neimwe nzira - nekutsvaga mutsivi wemazuva ano kuBVP-1 kana nekuvandudzwa kwemichina iripo.

BVP-1 - isu hatisi kuita zvemazuva ano, nekuti muminiti ...

Mukati memakumi maviri emakore ekutanga mushure mekudonha kweWarsaw Pact, zvakati wandei zvirevo zvakagadzirirwa muPoland kugadzirisa iyo BVP-1. Purogiramu yePuma, iyo yakagara kubva muna 1998 kusvika muna 2009, yakanga ine mikana mikuru yekushandiswa.Zvaifungidzirwa kuti motokari 668 (zvikamu gumi nembiri, Zvita 12) dzaizounzwa kuchiyero chitsva, zvino nhamba iyi yakaderedzwa kusvika 2007 reconnaissance units ., 468), ipapo kusvika ku2008 (mabheti mana, Gumiguru 216) uye pakupedzisira kusvika 2008 (Chikunguru 192). Kudzoka muna 2009, kusati kwaedza varatidziri vane marudzi akasiyana-siyana eshongwe dzisina kugarwa, zvaifungidzirwa kuti yakagadziridzwa BVP-2009 yaizoshanda kusvika 1. Miedzo yacho yakanga isina kujeka, asi mari yakarongwa yakanga yakakwirira uye zvingaita zvakanga zvisina kunaka. Naizvozvo, chirongwa ichi chakapedzwa pachidanho chemuenzaniso, uye muna Mbudzi 2040, gadziriro yekusimudzira BVP-2009 kusvika paPuma-1 standard ine nyowani-inodzorwa shongwe system yakabviswa kubva pakurongwa kwezvirongwa zvekushanda zvakabatanidzwa muMitemo. yeReference. Ronga yekuvandudzwa kwemauto ePoland e1-2009 Pamusoro pekuongororwa kwemiedzo yakaitwa uye kuwedzera kwekugona kurwa kwakabatana neizvi, chikonzero chekusiiwa kwePuma-2018 kwaive kuoneka kwepedyo muuto rePolish reanotsiva kune byups ...

Zvechokwadi, kuedza kwakaitwa zvakafanana kutsvaga motokari yakadaro. Nezvikonzero zvakasiyana, zvinosanganisira zvemari uye zvesangano, izvi zvakave zvisingagoneke, kunyangwe kuendeswa kweakawanda mapurojekiti epamba (kusanganisira BWP-2000, IFW yakavakirwa paUMPG kana chirongwa cheChariot) uye zvikumbiro zvekunze (semuenzaniso, CV90).

Zvinoita sekuti chirongwa cheBorsuk cheNBPRP chete, chakaitwa kubva Gumiguru 24, 2014 neindasitiri yekudzivirira yePoland, inogona kupera mukubudirira. Nekudaro, muna 2009, iyo BVP-1 haina kuvandudzwa, uye ikozvino, muna 2019, haina kuita zvemashiripiti yave yazvino uye kushomeka, uye isu tichafanirwa kumirira mamwe makore matatu kuti maBadgers ekutanga apinde mubasa. masevhisi. Izvo zvakare zvichatora nguva yakareba kutsiva iyo BWP-1 mune mamwe mativi. Parizvino, maGround Forces ane mauto makumi maviri nematatu ane mota, imwe neimwe iine makumi mashanu nesere mota dzehondo nguva dzose. Mumasere acho, BWP-23s akave kana kuti achatsiviwa munguva pfupi iri kutevera neRosomak mavhiri ehondo mota, izvo zvinoreva kuti, ne theoretically, kutsiva zvachose BWP-58, 1 Borsuków inofanira kugadzirwa chete mumhando yeBMP - uye 870th mechanized brigade inofanira kuumbwa. kana akasawana Wolverine zvakare. Zvinogona kufungidzirwa nekuchenjera kuti iyo BWP-1 icharamba iine mauto ePoland mushure me19. Kuti michina iyi ipe vashandisi mikana chaiyo panhandare yehondo yemazuva ano, Poznań Wojskowe Zakłady Motoryzacyjne SA, yePGZ Capital Group, yakagadzirira kupa kwechizvino-zvino munhoroondo yayo. "bewup" yekare.

Poznań proposal

Iyo kambani kubva kuPoznan, sezvazvinowanzoitika nemapurojekiti akadaro, yakapa yakakura yemazuva ano package. Shanduko dzinofanirwa kubata nzvimbo dzese dzakakosha. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuwedzera mwero wekudzivirira uye firepower. Zvimwe nhumbi dzokurwa nadzo, uchiri kuchengetedza kugona kuyangarara, zvinofanirwa kupa STANAG 3A level 4569 ballistic resistance, kunyange zvazvo nhanho 4 iriyo chinangwa. chimiro uye kurasikirwa kwekugona kushambira. Kuchengetedzwa kwemotokari kunogona kuvandudzwa nekuisa SSP-1 "Obra-4569" laser radiation yekuona system kana yakafanana, pamwe nekushandisa yemazuva ano yekudzivirira moto system. Kuwedzera kwemoto kunofanira kupiwa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kweshongwe itsva isina vanhu. Sarudzo yaro haisi nyore nekuda kwezvirambidzo zvakakura zvehuremu, saka, panguva ye1 INPO, iyo Kongsberg Protector RWS LW-3 mota iri kure-inodzorwa inorema chete 30 kg yakaratidzwa. Iyo ine 600mm Northrop Grumman (ATK) M30LF propulsion cannon (yakasiyana yeAH-230 Apache kurwisa helikopta cannon) ichipfura 64 × 30mm pfuti uye 113mm muchina pfuti. Hondo huru yakagadziriswa. Sarudzo, vhezheni yeRaytheon / Lockheed Martin Javelin anti-tank inotungamirwa makomba (uye yakaunzwa mune iyi gadziriso), pamwe naRafael Spike-LR, MBDA MMP kana, semuenzaniso, iyo yepamba Pirata, inogona kubatanidzwa nechiteshi. Chombo chisina kujairika chine kumhanya kwekutanga kwe7,62 m / s (kuchipikisa 805 m / s kune imwechete pfuti 1080 × 30 mm HEI-T) inogona kuve dambudziko chairo. Zvakangodaro, kana isu tikafunga tarisiro, tichipokana neRussia BMP-173 / -2 (zvichida mukugadziriswa kwekutanga) pamadaro maitiro eCentral European theatre yekushanda, inoshanda chaizvo, uye mukana wekushandisa anti-tangi masisitimu haufanirwe. kanganwa. Neimwe nzira, mamwe maturu asingagarwi anogona kushandiswa, akadai seMidgard 3 kubva kuSlovenian Valhalla Turrets, yakashongedzerwa neBritish 300mm Venom LR cannon kubva kuAEI Systems, zvakare yakachengeterwa 30x30mm pfuti.

Imwe yematambudziko makuru emotokari yakagadziridzwa zvakare - kusimba uye ergonomics yeboka remauto. Denga remotokari rakasimudzwa (izvo zvinotiyeuchidza nezvemhinduro dzeUkraine), nekuda kwekuti yakawanda yakawedzerwa nzvimbo yakawanikwa. Pakupedzisira, tangi yemafuta inotamiswa yakananga kukamuri yeinjini (pamberi pekamuri yemauto padivi renyeredzi), zvimwe zviridzwa zviri pakati pechikamu chemauto zvinofambiswa zvakafanana (uye zvinotsiviwa nemitsva). . Pamwe chete nekubviswa kwekare turret basket, izvi zvinogadzira imwe nzvimbo yemidziyo nezvombo. Vashandi vacho vane vanhu vaviri kusvika vatatu pamwe nevatanhatu veparatroopers. Pachave nekuchinja kwakawanda - mutyairi anogashira mudziyo mutsva, mauto ese anogashira zvigaro zvekumisa zvemazuva ano, racks uye zvibatiso zvezvombo nemidziyo zvichaonekwa zvakare. Kuwedzera kwekuziva kwemamiriro ezvinhu kuchapihwa neazvino turret surveillance uye kutungamira zvishandiso, pamwe neomnidirectional surveillance system (somuenzaniso, SOD-1 Atena) kana yemazuva ano mukati nekunze masisitimu ekutaurirana, pamwe nerutsigiro rweIT (semuenzaniso, BMS). Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemotokari kwaizobhadharwa ne: kusimbisa chassis, kushandisa nzira itsva, kana, pakupedzisira, kutsiva yekare UTD-20 injini ine simba guru (240 kW / 326 hp) MTU 6R 106 TD21 injini, inozivikanwa semuenzaniso. kubva kuJelch 442.32 4×4. Ichabatanidzwa mupowertrain neiyo ikozvino gearbox.

Modernization kana kumutsiridza?

Iwe unogona kuzvibvunza iwe - zvine musoro here kuita akawanda emazuva ano mhinduro (kunyangwe nhamba shoma yadzo, pasina, semuenzaniso, SOD kana BMS) mumotokari yechinyakare? Kwete pakutanga kutarisa, asi munguva yepakati uye yakareba, zvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano, zvakadai seshongwe isina vanhu, inogona kuendeswa kune mamwe mashini. Tichitevera uyu muenzaniso, RWS LW-30 stand yakaratidzwa paJLTV armored car kana AMPV inoteverwa inotakura. Naizvozvo, mune ramangwana, inogona kuwanikwa paPegasus (kana vakambotengwa ...) kana pane anobatsira akasiyana eBorsuk, pachinzvimbo chezvinzvimbo zvine 12,7 mm WEIGHT. Saizvozvo, zvinhu zveredhiyo-magetsi midziyo (redhiyo) kana yekutarisa uye inotarirwa masisitimu anogona kududzirwa. Iyi tsika inoshandiswa munyika dzakawanda dzakapfuma kudarika Poland.

WZM SA zvirokwazvo ine pfungwa inonakidza yezvekuita nemichina yakavakirwa paBWP-1. Mafekitari ari muPoznań ari kutokwidziridza BWR-1S (ona WiT 10/2017) uye BWR-1D (ona WiT 9/2018) mota dzekurwisa, uye vakaunganidza ruzivo rwakawanda nemotokari idzi, vachigadzirisa uye kugadzirisa. . kugadzirisa, pamwe nekuvandudza kwavo kune mureza "Puma" uye "Puma-1". Mune ramangwana, mota dzakashongedzerwa dzinogona kugadzirwa pahwaro hweiyo BVP-1 yemazuva ano, muenzaniso chirevo chiri muchirongwa cheOttokar Brzoza, uko iyo yemazuva ano BVP-1, yakabatanidzwa pamwe nechikumbiro chemazuva ano chinotsanangurwa pamusoro (semuenzaniso, Simba remagetsi rimwe chete, teleinformation network, yakagadziridzwa kumisikidzwa yeBMS, nezvimwewo) ichava hwaro hweanoparadza tangi. Kune dzimwe sarudzo - pahwaro hweBVP-1, unogona kuvaka amburenzi yekubvisa mota, artillery yekuziva mota (kusanganisira kupindirana neanoparadza tangi), isina munhu anotakura mota yemuchadenga (ine BSP DC01 "Fly" kubva kuDroni. , motokari yakaratidzwa kuPolish Success Forum bhizinesi muPoznań) kana kunyange motokari yehondo isina kurongwa, ichishanda mune ramangwana neBorsuk, pamwe neRCV neOMFV. Chekutanga pane zvese, zvakadaro, kuvandudzwa kwemazuva ano, kunyangwe muhuwandu hudiki (semuenzaniso, 250-300 zvimedu), zvaizobvumira mauto emupolishi ekufambisa anofamba netsoka kuti ararame nguva iri pakati pekutorwa kweBorsuk uye kubviswa kwekupedzisira BMP-1, nepo. kuchengetedza chaiyo yekurwa kukosha. Zvechokwadi, panzvimbo yekuvandudza, iwe unogona kusarudza kukwidziridza, sezvakaitika kune T-1, asi ipapo mushandisi anobvuma kuenderera mberi nekushandisa midziyo, iyo yakawanda iyo parameters haina kusiyana nemichina yeCold War. .