Graphite girisi uye kushandiswa kwayo mumotokari
Zviri mukati
Graphite girisi - inorganic lubricant zvakare, dema kana dema dema muruvara, ine dense uye yakanyanya viscous kuenderana. Kunze, inofanana nemafuta anozivikanwa. Iyo lubricant inogadzirwa pahwaro hwemafuta emiriwo uchishandisa petroleum cylinder mafuta emvura uye lithium kana calcium sipo, pamwe negraphite. Graphite poda inoshandiswa seyekupedzisira. Maererano neGOST 3333-80, maererano neyakagadzirwa, iyo yakanyanya kunaka tembiricha yekushisa inobva -20 ° C kusvika + 60 ° C, zvisinei, chaizvoizvo, inogona kumira kunyange kutonhora kwakanyanya. Graphite girisi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri, pamwe nekutakura muchina. kureva kuti, yakasvibiswa nezvitubu, zvitubu, zvinhu zvekumisikidza, mabearings akaremerwa, magiya akavhurika, zvichingodaro.
Kuumbwa kwe graphite lubricant
Chokutanga pane zvose, unofanira kuziva kuti mumabhuku eunyanzvi, izwi rokuti "graphite lubricant" rinogona kureva zvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Chokwadi ndechekuti pakutanga tsananguro iyi inoreva inorganic lubricant, iyo graphite inoshandiswa seyakakora, asi mupfungwa yakafara, lubricant inonziwo saka, apo graphite inoshandiswa sekuwedzera. Saka, izwi rokuti "graphite lubricant" rinogona kureva:
graphite yakapwanyika
- yakajairika graphite poda, inogona kushandiswa semafuta akasimba;
- sipo-based lubricant ine graphite;
- graphite kumiswa muoiri mhinduro (inorganic type lubricant).
Ndiyo yekupedzisira kuumbwa kunowanzonzi graphite grease, uye ichakurukurwa mberi. Tekinoroji yayo yekugadzira inosanganisira kukobvuta viscous organic kana synthetic oiri, iyo inowanikwa kubva kune petroleum zvigadzirwa, ine calcium sipo uye graphite poda. Mune mamwe mazwi, tinogona kutaura kuti graphite poda inowedzerwa kune yekare girisi, iyo inopa lubricant maitiro ayo.
Parizvino, copper-graphite girisi inogonawo kuwanikwa pakutengesa. Poda yemhangura inowedzerwa pakuumbwa kwayo. Inokwanisa kumira kutonhora kwakanyanya. Kazhinji copper-graphite grease inowanikwa nenzira yeaerosols. Tichitarisa mberi, ngatitii kazhinji kuumbwa uku kunoshandiswa kune caliper guides. Nenzira iyi unogona kudzivirira kunamatira discs uye / kana mabhureki madhiramu kune hub flanges.
Zvinhu zve graphite girisi
Nayo pachayo, graphite inobata kupisa uye magetsi zvakanaka, haiputsi pasi pesimba reunyoro, haina kukanganiswa nemagetsi akadzikama, uye zvakare ine thermally stable (inogona kumira kutonhora kwakanyanya). Zvese izvi zvivakwa, kunyangwe zvishoma, zvine mafuta anowirirana.
Chii chakanaka graphite lubricant? Zvayakanakira zvinosanganisira:
- kemikari kuramba (kana uchishandisa lubricant kunzvimbo dzekushanda, zvinhu zvaro hazvipindi mumakemikari reaction nazvo);
- kupisa kwekushisa (hakuna kuputika kusvika kune kutonhora kwe + 150 ° C, sezvo kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvinoputika mukugadzirwa kwayo kuduku, hakurasikirwi nemaitiro ekushanda pakupisa kwepamusoro);
- inodzivirira nzvimbo dzebasa kubva kune unyoro;
- yakawedzera colloidal kugadzikana;
- kuputika-uchapupu;
- ine yakanakisa lubricating properties;
- inowedzera kupfeka kuramba, mashandiro emagetsi uye hupenyu hwesevhisi yemuchina iyo inoshandiswa;
- inoderedza kuwanda kwekubatwa;
- kwete kukanganiswa nemafuta, ndiko kuti, inoramba iri pamusoro kunyange kana iripo;
- graphite girisi inonamatira zvakanaka kune chero nzvimbo;
- kusagadzikana kune static magetsi;
- ine high adhesive uye antifriction properties.
zvakare imwe yakakosha mukana we graphite girisi ndeye yayo mutengo wakaderera nekuita kunogutsa. Kunyangwe, mukururamisira, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti parizvino kune mamwe akawanda, emhando yepamusoro mafuta, ayo, kunyangwe ari anodhura, ane kuita kuri nani.
Zvisinei, girasi regirafu rinewo zvarakaipira. kureva, haigoni kushandiswa mumagadzirirwo ane hupamhi hwepamusoro, sezvo tsvina yakasimba iripo mugirafu ichabatsira kuwedzera kupera kwezvikamu;
Mamiriro
Iyo yazvino GOST 3333-80, pamwe chete neakakodzera tekinoroji mamiriro, anoratidza tekinoroji uye inoshanda maitiro egraphite girisi.
| Mamiriro | ukoshi |
|---|---|
| Tembiricha yemhando yekushandisa | kubva -20 ° C kusvika +60 ° C (zvisinei, inotenderwa kushandisa girizi patembiricha iri pasi -20 ° C muzvitubu nemimwe michina yakafanana) |
| Density, g/cm³ | 1,4 ... 1,73 |
| Drop point | isingasviki +77°C |
| Kupinda pa +25 ° C nekusuduruka (60 kaviri kutenderera) | kwete pasi pe250 mm/10 |
| Colloidal kugadzikana, % yemafuta akaburitswa | kwete kupfuura 5 |
| Misa chikamu chemvura | hapana anopfuura 3% |
| Simba rekugera pa +50°C | kwete pasi pe100 Pa (1,0 gf/cm²) |
| Viscosity pa 0 ° С muavhareji strain rate gradient 10 1/s | hapana kupfuura 100 Pa•s |
| Kusimba kwesimba pa +20 ° С, kg/cm² | |
| tensile | 120 |
| yekumanikidza | 270 ... 600 |
| Magetsi kuramba | 5030 ом • см |
| Tembiricha, ° С | |
| kuora | 3290 |
| yakanyanya kubvumidzwa kushanda | 540 |
| avhareji inobvumirwa kushanda | 425 |
| Girisi oxidation zvigadzirwa | CO, CO2 |
| NLGI kirasi | 2 |
| Dhizaini zvinoenderana neGOST 23258 | SKa 2/7-g2 |
Paunenge uchishanda negirisi, unofanirwa kuyeuka uye kutevedzera mitemo iri pasi apa yekushanda kwakachengeteka kwegirafu girasi.
Chengetedza zvinotevera kuchengetedza uye kudzivirira moto paunenge uchibata girisi:
- Graphite girisi inoputika-inodzivirira, nzvimbo yayo yekupenya i +210 ° С.
- Kana ichinge yadururwa pamusoro, iyo lubricant inofanira kuunganidzwa mumudziyo, nzvimbo yekuputika inofanira kupukuta yakaoma nemucheka, iyo inofanira kuiswa mune imwe yakasiyana, zvichida simbi, bhokisi.
- Muchiitiko chemoto, iyo huru yekudzima moto inoshandiswa: mhute yemvura, kemikari, mhepo-kemikari furo, furo rinowedzera uye zvakakodzera poda zvinyorwa.
Chikamu chekushandiswa
Chiyero che graphite girisi chakapamhama. Mukugadzira, inozorwa ne:
- inokosha midziyo zvitubu;
- kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma bearings;
- akazaruka uye akavhara shafts;
- magiya akasiyana-siyana;
- kumisa mavharuvhu;
- kumiswa muhukuru-hukuru michina, yakakosha midziyo;
- drilling rig inotsigira.
Iye zvino tinonyora muchidimbu zvikamu uye nzira dzemotokari dzinogona kuzorwa nekomboni iyi (tichifunga zvimwe zvinhu):
- majoini ekutungamirira;
- rack rack (kureva, imba yekugezera yakabviswa uye giya rekushanda rakaiswa mafuta);
- zvinhu zvechidhiraivho chekufambisa (kunze kweiyo iyo mafuta egiya anoshandiswa semafuta);
- bhora mabheyaringi;
- anti-creak washers muzvitubu;
- anthers emazano ekutungamirira uye tsvimbo;
- kutsigira mabhengi;
- steering knuckle bearings (yekudzivirira, girisi inoputirwawo muvhavha yekudzivirira);
- cable drive parking brake;
- machine springs;
- pamota dzekumashure-mavhiri, inogona kushandiswa kune propeller shaft crosspieces.
graphite girisi inogonawo kushandiswa seprophylactic. kureva, inogona kushandiswa kuzora tambo dzakabatanidzwa, dzakajairwa uye dzekukiya muchina muzhizha uye kunyanya munguva yechando.
Vazhinji vatyairi vemotokari vanofarirawo mubvunzo wekuti zvinokwanisika here kuzora majoini eCV (nguva dzose velocity joints) negraphite. Hapana mhinduro imwe chete munyaya iyi. Kana isu tichitaura nezve yakachipa yemumba lubricant, saka haufanirwe kutora njodzi, inogona kukanganisa iyo yemukati meshini yehinge. Kana iwe ukashandisa kunze kwenyika inodhura mafuta (semuenzaniso, Molykote BR2 plus, Molykote Longterm 2 plus, Castrol LMX uye zvimwe zvinhu zvine graphite), unogona kuedza. Nekudaro, rangarira kuti kune akakosha ekuzora eCV majoini.
CV mafuta akabatanidzwa
Kuzora nenguva yemubatanidzwa weCV kunoderedza kupfeka kwayo uye kunowedzera hupenyu hwayo hwesevhisi. Imwe neimwe mhando yehinge inoda yayo mhando yemafuta. Tsvaga kuti ndeipi inoda kusvetwa uye ndeipi iri nani kubva kune wongororo uye ongororo yehunhu. Mamwe mashoko
Zvakakodzera kugara zvakaparadzana pamubvunzo wekuti zvinokwanisika here kuzora bhatiri zviteshi ne graphite grisi. Hongu, kuumbwa kwayo kunoitisa magetsi, asi kune ngozi yekupisa nekuda kwekuti ine yakakwirira resistivity. Nokudaro, "graphite" inogona kushandiswa kugadzira zviteshi, asi hazvidiwi. Lubrication ichadzivirira pamusoro kubva pakuora. Naizvozvo, zviri nani kushandisa dzimwe nzira kudzoreredza bhatiri terminals.
Maitiro ekuzora mabhatiri terminals
Mafuta ekumisa mabhatiri anogona kubva kune echinyakare "yechinyakare" nzira dzekuchengetedza bhatiri terminals kubva kune oxidation, kune yemazuva ano, ine tsvina inovandudza conductivity yemagetsi. Mamwe mashoko
Nzira yekubvisa graphite girisi
Kushandisa lubricant pasina hanya kunogona kusvibisa zvipfeko zvako zviri nyore. Uye haichazove nyore kuibvisa, nokuti haisi mafuta chete, asiwo graphite, iyo yakaoma kupukuta. Nokudaro, mubvunzo unofadza zvikuru unomuka: unogona sei kupukuta kana kupukuta girasi regraphite. PaInternet pane makakatanwa akawanda akasiyana uye maonero panyaya iyi. Isu tinopa maonero ako mishonga yakati wandei inofanirwa kubatsira mune izvi (chokwadi ndechekuti mune yega yega mishonga yakasiyana inogona kubatsira, zvese zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwekusvibiswa, rudzi rwejira, nguva yekusvibiswa, kuwedzera kusvibiswa, zvichingodaro). Saka, ivo vachakubatsira:
Antipyatin
- peturu (zvichida 98th, kana pure aviation parafini);
- grease cleaner (somuenzaniso, "Antipyatin");
- "Sarma gel" ndiro;
- shampoo yekugeza motokari isingabatanidzi (pfapfaidza aerosol pane tsvina, uye edza kuipukuta zvinyoronyoro);
- inopisa soapy solution (kana kusvibiswa kusina kusimba, ipapo iwe unogona kunyura zvipfeko kwekanguva mumhinduro yesipo yekuwachira, wozoipukuta nemaoko);
- "Vanish" (saizvozvo, iwe unoda kufanonyura zvipfeko uye uite kuti zvimire kwemaawa akawanda, unogona kuzvishambidza nemaoko kana mumushini wekugeza).
Vamwe varidzi vemotokari vanokurudzira kuwacha mbatya mumotokari inowacha patembiricha yepamusoro. Yeuka kuti kune mamwe marudzi emachira izvi hazvigamuchirwi! Vanogona kurasikirwa nechimiro uye zvipfeko hazvigone kudzorerwa. Saka, verenga izvo zvinoratidzwa pane iyo yakakodzera label pane zvipfeko, kureva, pane tembiricha ipi iyo chigadzirwa chinogona kugezwa.
Nzira yekugadzira girasi girasi nemaoko ako pachako
Ita-iwe-iwe pachako girasi regirafu
Nekuda kwekufarirwa kwegiredhi girasi pakati pevagadziri, pamwe nekureruka kwekuumbwa kwayo, kune akati wandei nzira dzechivanhu dzaunogona kugadzira iyi lubricant kumba.
unofanira kutora graphite upfu, girizi uye muchina mafuta. Chiyero chavo chinogona kunge chakasiyana. Hwaro ndeyemafuta emvura, iyo grisi inowedzerwa, uyezve graphite (iwe unogona kushandisa penzura yakanyungudika lead kana mabhurashi akapfekwa emota yemagetsi kana muunganidzi wazvino sezvairi). ipapo uwandu uhu hunofanira kubvongodzwa kusvikira kuwirirana kwakafanana nekisi cream yakawanikwa. Mafuta egiya anogona kushandiswa pachinzvimbo cheoiri yemuchina.
Nekudaro, iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti musanganiswa wakagadzirwa pamba hauzosangana neiyo GOST yakataurwa, saka mafuta akadaro haazadzise zviyero zvayo. Uye zvakare, hupenyu hwesherufu hwema graphite lubricant anogadzirwa kumba huchave hwakanyanya kuderera pane imwe fekitori.
Copper graphite girisi
Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, yakagadziridzwa vhezheni yekare graphite girisi ndeyemhangura-graphite girisi. Kubva pazita racho zviri pachena kuti poda yemhangura inowedzerwa pakuumbwa kwayo, iyo inovandudza zvikuru maitiro ekushanda. Zvimiro zvekuumbwa kwemhangura-graphite girisi zvinosanganisira:
Copper graphite girisi
- kukwanisa kushanda pakupisa kwakanyanya (munyaya iyi, hazvibviri kuratidza mutsara wakajeka, sezvo nziyo dzakasiyana dzine zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana dziri pamusika, dzimwe dzadzo dzinokwanisa kushanda pakupisa kweinenge + 1000 ° C uye pamusoro; verenga zvinyorwa mutsanangudzo yechigadzirwa);
- kukwanisa kutsungirira mitoro yakakwirira yemagetsi (yakafanana nendima yapfuura);
- kuwedzera kwehutano hwekunamatira uye kunamatira;
- kubviswa zvachose kwemaitiro ekuora panzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa;
- kushorwa nemafuta uye unyoro;
- Kuumbwa kwe lubricant hakusanganisi lead, nickel uye sulfur.
semuenzaniso, mhangura-graphite girisi inodzivirira zvakakwana nzvimbo dzebasa kunyangwe pasi pemamiriro ekushanda zvakanyanya. Kazhinji tambo dzakabatanidzwa dzinobatwa nechishandiso ichi usati waabatanidza. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kusunungura kubatana mune ramangwana pasina matambudziko.
Vagadziri vakakurumbira
Chekupedzisira, ngatitaurei muchidimbu pane vamwe vagadziri vepamba vanogadzira graphite girisi. Zvakakosha kutaura pakarepo kuti zvigadzirwa zvavo zvakafanana nenzira dzakawanda kune mumwe nemumwe, saka hazvina basa kuti ndeupi rudzi rwemafuta aunotenga. Domestic graphite girisi inosangana neGOST 3333-80, saka zvigadzirwa zvese zvinenge zvakafanana.
Saka, mune post-Soviet nzvimbo, graphite lubricant inogadzirwa ne:
- LLC "Colloid-graphite kugadzirira" Iri bhizinesi rinogadzira mafuta e graphite kumaindasitiri. Inoita zvekutengesa zvinhu.
- Mafuta Right. Kubva pakupera kwa2021, chubhu inorema 100 gramu inodhura makumi mana rubles. Nhamba yekatalogi yechigadzirwa i40.
- TPK "RadioTechPayka". Chirongo chemagiramu makumi maviri nemashanu chinodhura 25 rubles, chubhu ye 30 gramu inodhura 100 rubles, uye chirongo chemagiramu 70 chinodhura 800 rubles.
Kana vari vagadziri vekunze, zvigadzirwa zvavo zvine chimiro chakakwana. kazhinji, kuwedzera kune graphite, kuumbwa kwemari kunosanganisira zvinyorwa zvemazuva ano uye zvinhu zvinowedzera nzira dzavo dzekushanda. Muchiitiko ichi, tsanangudzo yavo haina kukodzera, kutanga, nokuti sarudzo inofanira kuitwa pamusana pechinangwa chinotarisana nemutengi, uye chechipiri, nhamba yemafuta uye vanogadzira inongova yakakura!
Pane mhedziso
Graphite girisi chishandiso chakachipa uye chinoshanda chekudzivirira nzvimbo dzekushanda kubva pakuora, kuwedzera kushanda kwevaviri vanoshanda, pamwe nekuwedzera hupenyu hwavo hwekushanda. Zvisinei, kana uchiishandisa, yeuka kuti lubricant haigoni kushandiswa mumitambo yepamusoro-soro uye uko kunonyanya kudiwa kunodiwa kubva pakushanda. Nokudaro, ishandise mumanode ataurwa pamusoro apa, uye ukapiwa mutengo wayo wakaderera, ichakushandira zvakanaka mukudzivirira zvikamu zvemotokari yako.
