Nhoroondo yeindasitiri yemotokari muPoland: prototypes yeFSO's uye 's.
Idzo mota dzekugadzira dzakagadzirwa naFabryka Samochodow Osobowych hadzina kumbofadzwa nemazuva ano uye kugadzira kwavo, zvisinei, padivi pedhipatimendi redhizaini, ma prototypes chete akagadzirwa, asina kumbobvira apinda mukugadzirwa, asi kana vaine mukana wakadaro, iyo indasitiri yemotokari yePoland yaizotarisa. zvakasiyana.
Yekutanga prototype yakavakwa paFSO yaive yemazuva ano vhezheni ye1956 Warsaw. Iyo M20-U vhezheni yaive yakagadziridzwa 60 hp injini. pa 3900 rpm. Kutenda kune injini ine simba, iyo Warsaw prototype yakawedzera kusvika 132 km / h nemafuta ekushandisa pamwero weiyo modhi yekugadzira. Mabhureki akagadziridzwa zvakare - kushandisa duplex system (braking system ine maviri parallel pads). Iyo motokari yakachinja maererano nekugadzirisa - chikamu chepamberi chemuviri chakanyatsogadziriswa, mapapiro akachinjwa.
Muna 1957, basa rakatanga pamotokari yakanaka kwazvo yokuPoland munhoroondo. Isu tiri kutaura nezve inozivikanwa Syrena Sport - dhizaini yemotokari yemitambo 2 + 2, mutumbi wayo wakagadzirirwa naCesar Navrot. Siren, ingangove yakateedzerwa mushure meMercedes 190SL, yairatidzika kunge yakapenga. Chokwadi, aiva injini isingabvumiri mitambo kutyaira (35 hp, kunonyanyisa kumhanya - 110 km / h), asi akaita zvinoshamisa zvinoshamisa. Iyo prototype yakaratidzwa muna 1960, asi zviremera zvaisada kuzviisa mukugadzirwa - hazvina kukwana mune zvesocialist ideology. Zviremera zvakasarudza kugadzira mota dzemhuri dzakachipa dzakaderera pane kuita mota dzemitambo dzepurasitiki. Iyo prototype yakaendeswa kuResearch and Development Center muFalenica uye yakaramba iripo kusvika kumaXNUMXs. Yakazoparadzwa gare gare.
Vachishandisa zvikamu zveSyrena, vagadziri vePolish vakagadzirirawo minibus prototype yakavakirwa paLT 600 modhi kubva kuLloyd Motoren Werke GmbH. Iyo prototype yakashandisa yakagadziridzwa zvishoma Syrena chassis uye injini. Yairema zvakangofanana neyakajairwa vhezheni asi yaipihwa pekugara uye yaigona kuiswa seamburenzi.
Kare muna 1959, zvirongwa zvakaiswa mberi zvokuchinja Warsaw Corps yose. Zvakasarudzwa kuodha muviri mutsva kubva kuGhia. MaItaly akagamuchira chassis yemotokari yeFSO uye akagadzira muviri wemazuva ano uye unoyevedza wakavakirwa pairi. Nehurombo, mutengo wekutanga-kugadzira wekugadzira wakanyanya kukwira uye zvakasarudzwa kunamatira neiyo yekare vhezheni.
Zvakafanana zvakawira Warsaw 210, yakagadzirwa muna 1964 nevainjiniya veFSO vaisanganisira Miroslav Gursky, Caesar Navrot, Zdzislaw Glinka, Stanislav Lukashevich naJan Politovsky. Muviri mutsva we sedan wakagadzirwa, waive wemazuva ano kupfuura iwo emhando yekugadzira. Mota iyi yaive yakapamhama, yakachengeteka uye yaigona kutakura vanhu vanosvika 6.
Injini yemagetsi yakavakirwa paFord Falcon injini yaive nemasilinda matanhatu uye vhoriyamu yekushanda ingangoita 2500 cm³, iyo yakagadzira anenge 82 hp. Paive zvakare nechina-cylinder vhezheni ine kusimuka kweanenge 1700 cc uye 57 hp. Simba raifanira kufambiswa kuburikidza negiya bhokisi rinomhanya mana. Iyo nhanhatu-cylinder shanduro inogona kusvika kumhanya kusvika 160 km / h, uye mana-cylinder unit - 135 km / h. Zvingangodaro, maitiro maviri eWarsaw 210 akaitwa. Imwe ichiri kuratidzwa paMuseum of Industry muWarsaw, uye imwe, maererano nemimwe mishumo, yakatumirwa kuU.SR uye yakashanda semuenzaniso wekuvaka GAZ M24. . motokari. Zvisinei, hapana uchapupu hwokuti izvi zvakaitika chaizvoizvo.
Iyo Warsaw 210 haina kuiswa mukugadzirwa serezinesi reFiat 125p rakatengwa, yaive mhinduro yakachipa pane kugadzirira mota nyowani kubva pakutanga. Dambudziko rakafanana rakawira "heroine" yedu inotevera - Sirena 110, yakagadzirwa neFSO kubvira 1964.
Chinhu chitsva pasi rose chaive chega chega chehatchback chakagadzirwa naZbigniew Rzepetsky. Iwo prototypes aive akashongedzerwa injini dzeSyrena 31 C-104, kunyangwe vagadziri vaive nehurongwa mune ramangwana rekushandisa yemazuva ano boxer ina-stroke injini ine kusimuka kweanenge 1000 cm3. Nekuda kwekutsiviwa kwemuviri, huwandu hwemotokari maererano neSyrena 104 yakaderera ne200 kg.
Kunyangwe dhizaini yakabudirira kwazvo, Syrena 110 haina kuiswa mukugadzirwa. Mutori wenhau wesocialist propaganda akatsanangura izvi nenyaya yekuti 110 yaisagona kuiswa munhevedzano, nekuti mota yedu yakafamba nenzira itsva yakafara, inongonzwisisika, yakavakirwa pahunyanzvi hwazvino hwakaedzwa munyika. Nekudaro, hazvigone kurambwa kuti mhinduro dzakashandiswa mune iyi prototype yaive yemhando yepamusoro. Chikonzero chaive chakanyanya prosaic - chaive chine chekuita nemitengo yekutanga kugadzira, yaive yakakwira kupfuura kutenga rezinesi. Izvo zvinofanirwa kuyeukwa kuti iyo Fiat 126p yaive isina nzvimbo uye yakagadzikana pane yakasiiwa yeSirenka prototype.
Kuunzwa kweFiat 125p muna 1967 kwakashandura sangano reindasitiri yemotokari. Hapana nzvimbo yakasara yeSirena, kugadzirwa kwayo kwakarongwa kumiswa zvachose. Nenzira yakanaka, yakawana nzvimbo yayo muBielsko-Biala, asi apo Syrena laminate yakanga ichigadzirwa, chisarudzo ichi chakanga chisina chokwadi. Vagadziri vePoland vakasarudza kukudziridza muviri mutsva wakakodzera kune maSirens ose, kuitira kuti simiti haifaniri kuchengetedza hupfumi hwose hwekugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvemuviri. Mitumbi yakati wandei yakagadzirwa kubva kugirazi rakamisikidzwa, asi zano rakadonha apo Sirena akatamira kuBielsko-Biala.
Mumakore makumi maviri ekutanga eFSO, pakanga paine basa rakawanda revagadziri vasina kutera kune grey chokwadi uye vaida kugadzira mota nyowani, dzepamusoro. Nehurombo, matambudziko ehupfumi nezvematongerwo enyika akayambuka hurongwa hwavo hwakashinga hwekuvandudza indasitiri yemotokari. Mugwagwa muPeople's Poland ungaratidzika sei kana hafu yemapurojekiti aya ikaitwa mukugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvakasiyana?
