Nhoroondo yeVolvo mota brand

Volvo yakavaka mukurumbira seyomaker inogadzira yakakwira-kuvimbika mota dzevatakurwi, marori, nemidziyo yekuvaka. Mucherechedzo wakagamuchira mibairo mizhinji yekusimudzira inovimbika mota chengetedzo masystem. Pane imwe nguva, motokari muchiso uyu kuzivikanwa sezvo zvikuru munyika.

Kunyangwe hazvo zita raigara riripo sechikamu chakaparadzaniswa chezvimwe zvinonetsa, kune vakawanda vatyairi ikambani yakazvimirira ine mamodheru akakodzera kutariswa zvakanyanya.

Heino nyaya yemugadziri wemotokari iyi, inova chikamu cheiyo Geely yakabata (isu tataura kare nezvemugadziri uyu wemotokari kumberi).

Muvambi

Ma1920s muUnited States neEurope, kufarira kugadzirwa kwema mechanical aids kwakakura zvakada panguva imwe chete. Mugore rechi23 muguta reSweden reGothenburg, kuratidzwa kwemotokari kunoitika. Ichi chiitiko chakashanda sekusimudzira kukurumbira kwemota dzinozvifambisa, nekuda kwekuti dzimwe mota dzakatanga kupinzwa munyika.

Pakazosvika gore rechimakumi maviri neshanu, nyika yakagamuchira anenge zviuru gumi nemana nehafu zvemotokari kubva kune vakasiyana vagadziri. Mutemo wemakambani mazhinji ekugadzira mota anga ari ekugadzira mota nyowani nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona. Panguva imwecheteyo, vazhinji, nekuda kwenguva dzakaomarara, dzakakanganiswa pahunhu.

MuSweden, iyo indasitiri kambani SKF yanga ichigadzira zvikamu zvakavimbika kwazvo zvezvinhu zvakasiyana siyana zvemuchina kwenguva yakareba. Chikonzero chikuru chekuzivikanwa kwezvikamu izvi ndiko kumanikidzwa kuyedzwa kweiyo budiriro isati yapinda mumutsetse wegungano.

Kupa musika weEuropean kwete chete wakasununguka, asi pamusoro pedzese dzakachengeteka uye dzinogara mota, chikamu chidiki cheVolvo chakagadzirwa. Pamutemo, iyo mhando yakavambwa muna Kubvumbi 14.04.1927, XNUMX, pakaonekwa yekutanga Jakob modhi.

Mucherechedzo wemotokari unokweretwa kuoneka kune mamaneja maviri eSweden zvikamu zvemugadziri. Aya ndiGustaf Larson naAssar Gabrielsson. Assar aive CEO uye Gustaf aive technical technical director weachangobva kugadzirwa mota brand.

Gustav Larson

Munguva yemakore ake kuSKF, Gabrielsson akaona mukana wezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nemuti kupfuura vamwe vemamwe makambani. Izvi nguva dzese zvakamugonesa kuti Sweden inogona kuendesa mota dzakakodzera kumusika wepasi rose. Pfungwa yakafanana yakatsigirwa nemushandi wake, Larson.

Assar Gabrielsson

Mushure mekudyidzana kwavo vagutsikana nekambani manejimendi nezve kubvumirwa kwekugadzira mhando nyowani, Larson akatanga kutsvaga nyanzvi dzemakanika, uye Gabrielsson akatanga zvirongwa zvehupfumi uye akaita manhamba ekushandisa zano ravo. Mota gumi dzekutanga dzakasikwa nekubhadharisa mari yaGabrielsson. Idzi mota dzaive dzakaungana panzvimbo yeSKF, kambani yaive nemugove wekutengesa mota kutsva.

Iyo kambani yemubereki yakapa rusununguko rwekushandisa enjineri mazano kune anoverengeka, uye zvakare yakapa mukana wekusimudzira wega. Nekuda kweizvi, iyo nyowani nyowani yaive ine simba rekutanga pad iyo iyo vazhinji venguva yayo vasina iyo.

Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvakabatsira mukubudirira kukura kwekambani:

1. Iyo mubereki kambani yakapa yekutanga michina yegungano reVolvo mamodheru;
2. MuSweden, mibairo yaive yakadzikira, izvo zvakaita kuti zvikwanisike kuhodha huwandu hwakakwana hwevashandi vebhizimusi;
3. Nyika ino yakaburitsa simbi yayo, iyo yaizivikanwa pasi rese, zvinoreva kuti zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvakawanikwa nemutengesi mutsva nemari shoma;
4. Nyika yaida mota yayo yemhando;
5. Maindasitiri akagadzirwa muSweden, izvo zvakaita kuti zvive nyore kuwana nyanzvi dzakakwanisa kuita zvehunhu kwete chete gungano rekutakura, asi zvakare kugadzira zvikamu zveiyo.

Chiratidzo

Kuti mhando dzemugadziri mutsva wemotokari dzizivikanwe pasi rese (uye ichi chaive chinhu chakakosha muchirongwa chekuvandudza mhando), logo yaidikanwa yaizoratidza kusarudzika kwekambani. Izwi rechiLatin Volvo rakatorwa sezita rechiratidzo. Dudziro yake (ini ndinokungurusa) yakanyatsoburitsa nzvimbo huru umo kambani yemubereki yaikunda - kugadzirwa kwemabhora mabhere.

Leiba yakaonekwa muna 1927. Chiratidzo chesimbi, icho chaive chakapararira mutsika dzenyika dzekuMadokero, chakasarudzwa semufananidzo wakasiyana. Yaifananidzirwa sedenderedzwa nemuseve unonongedza kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva chikamu. Iko hakuna kudikanwa kwekutsanangura kwenguva yakareba kuti nei ichi chakasarudzika chakaitwa, nekuti Sweden ine indasitiri yesimbi yakagadzirwa, uye zvigadzirwa zvayo zvakaendeswa kunze kwenyika.

Pakutanga, zvakasarudzwa kuisa bheji pakati pekudyiwa kukuru kwemhepo. Dambudziko chete rakatarisana nevakagadziri kwaive kushaya giradiator iyo chiratidzo chaigona kugadziriswa. Iyo logo yaifanira kuve neimwe nzira kugadziriswa pakati peiyo radiator. Uye nzira chete yekubuda muchiitiko ichi yaive yekushandisa yekuwedzera chinhu (inonzi bar). Yaiva diagonal ubvise, iyo yakasungwa bheji, uye iyo pachayo yakanga yakatarwa kumucheto redhiyeta.

Kunyangwe mota dzemazuva ano dziine grille yekudzivirira nekumisikidza, mugadziri akafunga kuchengeta mutsetse wedhizoni seimwe yezvinhu zvakakosha zveiyo logo yemota yatove nemukurumbira.

Nhoroondo yemotokari mumamodeli

Nekudaro, yekutanga modhi kubva paVolvo gungano mutsara yaive iyo Jakob kana OV4. "Dangwe" rekambani rakanga risiri remhando yepamusoro sezvaitarisirwa. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti panguva yegungano gadzira ma mechanics akaisa mota zvisizvo. Mushure mekugadziriswa kwedambudziko, mota yakanga isati yagamuchirwa nekuyemurwa chaiko nevateereri. Icho chikonzero ndechekuti yaive nemuviri wakavhurika, uye kune nyika ine yakaoma mamiriro ekunze, mota dzakavharwa dzaive dzakanyanya kushanda.

Pasi pehodhi yemotokari pakaiswa injini yemashure makumi mana nemasere-masendimita mana-humburumbira, iyo yaigona kumhanyisa mota kumhanya kwe28 km / h. Chassis yaive chimiro chemota. Mugadziri akafunga kushandisa yakakosha vhiri dhizaini mumotokari yekutanga. Vhiri rimwe nerimwe raive nematauri emapuranga, uye mupendero waro waibviswa.

Kunze kwekukanganisa kwehunhu hweungano uye dhizaini, kambani haina kukwanisa kuita kuti mota ifarirwe, sezvo mainjiniya akapa nguva yakawandisa kuhunhu, izvo zvakaita kuti kugadzirwa kwechiitiko chinotevera kunonoke.

Heano makiyi akakosha ekambani akasiya mucherechedzo pane ayo modhi.

• 1928 Iyo PV4 Special inosumwa. Iyi inguva yakareba yemotokari yapfuura, mutengi chete ndiye aipiwa sarudzo dzemuviri mbiri: denga rinopeta kana rakaomarara pamusoro.
• 1928 - Kugadzirwa kwerudzi-1 rori kunotanga pane imwechete chassis saJakob.
• 1929 - kuratidzwa kweinjini yekugadzirwa kwayo. Nadzurudzo iyi yematanhatu-humburumbira yuniti yakagamuchirwa nemushini wePV651 (6 masilinda, zvigaro zvishanu, 5 akateedzana).
• 1930 - iyo iripo mota yazvino: inogamuchira yakakwenenzverwa chassis, nekuda kwekuti vanga vatogara vanhu 7 mukamuri. Idzi dzaive Volvo TR671 uye 672. Mota dzaishandiswa nevatyairi vematekisi, uye kana imba yacho yaive yakazara zvizere, mutyairi aigona kushandisa turera kutakura mukwende wevatakuri.
• 1932 - Iyo mota inogamuchira kumwe kukwidziridzwa. Saka, iyo simba unit yakawedzera kuwanda - 3,3 litita, nekuda kwesimba rayo rakawedzera kusvika ku65 horsepower. Sekufambisa, ivo vakatanga kushandisa 4-yekumhanyisa giya pane ye3-kumhanya analogue.
• 1933 - Iyo yakasarudzika vhezheni yeP654 inoonekwa. The motokari akagamuchira Akazadzisa kuturika uye nani inzwi kuputira. Mugore rimwe chete, mota yakasarudzika yakaunzwa iyo isina kumbobvira yaenda kumutsara wegungano nekuti vateereri vaive vasina kugadzirira dhizaini dhizaini. Iyo peculiarity yeiyo ruoko-yakaungana Venus Bilo modhi yaive yekuti yaive neakanaka aerodynamic zvivakwa. Kubudirira kwakafanana kwakashandiswa pane mamwe mamodheru ezvizvarwa zvinotevera.
• 1935 - Iyo kambani iri kuramba ichivandudza chiono cheAmerica chemotokari. Saka, itsva 6-seater Carioca PV36 inobuda. Kutanga neiyi modhi, mota dzakatanga kushandisa inodzivirira radiator grill. Yekutanga batch yemhando yepamusoro mota yaive ne500 mayuniti. Mugore rimwe chete, mota yemutyairi wetekisi yakagamuchira imwe yekuvandudza, uye injini yakanyanya kusimba - 80 hp.
• 1936 - Iyo kambani inosimbirira kuti chinhu chekutanga chinofanira kunge chiri chero mota kuchengetedzeka, uyezve nyaradzo nemaitiro. Pfungwa iyi inoratidzwa mune ese akateedzera mamodheru. Chizvarwa chinotevera cheiyo PV vhezheni inoonekwa. Chete ikozvino ndiyo modhi iri kuwana mucherechedzo makumi mashanu neshanu. Iyi yatove se51-seater yakasarudzika sedan, asi yakareruka kupfuura yakatangira, uye panguva imwechete ine simba.
• 1937 - Chizvarwa chinotevera PV (52) chinowana zvimwe zvinonyaradza: maziso ezuva, girazi rinopisa, mawrestrests mumafuremu emikova, uye kupeta zvigaro kumashure.
• 1938 - Iyo PV renji inogamuchira nyowani nadzurudzo ine akati wandei epakutanga fekitori mavara (burgundy, bhuruu uye girini). Nadzurudzo 55 ne56 dzakashandurwa radiator grille, pamwe nekugadziridzwa kumberi kwemaziso. Mugore rimwe chete, ngarava dzematekisi dzaigona kutenga yakachengetedzwa modhi PV801 (iyo inogadzira yakaisa yakasimba girazi kupatsanura pakati pemitsara yepamberi neshure). Imba yacho yaigona kugara vanhu vasere, tichifunga nezve mutyairi.
• 1943-1944 nekuda kweHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, kambani haigone kuburitsa mota munzira yakajairwa, saka inoshandura kukudziridza mota yapashure pehondo. Iyo purojekiti yakafamba zvakanaka uye zvakakonzera iyo PV444 pfungwa mota. Kuburitswa kwayo kunotanga mugore rechimakumi mana nemana. Iyi yakaderera-simba 44-horsepower mota ndiyo yega (munhoroondo yaVolvo) kuve nemafuta akaderera kudaro. Izvi zvakaita kuti mota iwedzere kufarirwa pakati pevatyairi vane hupfumi hwakaderera.
• 1951 - Mushure mekuburitswa kwakabudirira kwePV444 kugadziridzwa, kambani yakasarudza kugadzira mota dzemhuri. Mukutanga kwema50, Volvo Duett yakaburuka pamutsetse wegungano. Yaive yakafanana mota yakapfuura yemakomputa, chete mutumbi wakashandurwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvemhuri hombe.
• 1957 - Chiratidzo cheSweden chinotanga chirongwa chekuwedzera pasirese. Uye iyo inogadzira otomatiki inosarudza kuhwina vateereri neAmazone nyowani, umo kuchengetedzeka kwakagadziridzwa. Kunyanya, ndiyo yaive mota yekutanga kuiswa mabhandi echigaro-matatu-poindi.
• 1958 - Kunyangwe iko kugona kwekutengesa kwemhando yapfuura, mugadziri anosarudza kuvhura chimwe chizvarwa chePV. Iyo kambani iri kutanga kuzviita inozivikanwa pachayo pamakwikwi emota. Nekudaro, Volvo PV444 inotora mubairo wekuhwina mukombe weEuropean muna 58, Grand Prix kuArgentina mugore rimwe chete, pamwe nemujaho wevakadzi weEuropean rally mu59th.
• 1959 - Iyo kambani inopinda mumusika weAmerica nema122S.
• 1961 - Iyo P1800 yemitambo coupe inotangwa uye yakahwina akati wandei dhizaini mibairo.
• 1966 - Kugadzirwa kwemuchina wakachengeteka kunotanga - Volvo144. Yakashandisa kuvandudzwa kwemaviri-wedunhu mabhureki system, uye kadhi yekufambisa yakashandiswa mukota yekufambisa kuitira kuti kana paitika tsaona inopeta uye isingakuvadze mutyairi.
• 1966 - inowoneka zvine simba vhezheni yemitambo Amazone - 123GT.
• 1967 - Gungano repikoko 145 uye 142S maviri-masuo anotanga kunzvimbo dzekugadzira.
• 1968 - iyo kambani inopa mota nyowani nyowani - Volvo 164. Pasi pehodhi yemotokari, injini yemabhiza-mazana matatu nemazana mashanu (145-horsepower engine) yakanga yatomisikidzwa, izvo zvakatendera mota kusvika pakakwirira kumhanya kwemakiromita 145 paawa.
• 1971 - Kutenderera kutsva kwekutengesa kwakanyanya kunotanga. Mazhinji mamodheru atorasikirwa nehunhu hwavo, uye zvaive zvisisabatsire kuvandudza iwo. Neichi chikonzero, kambani iri kuburitsa iyo nyowani 164E, iyo inoshandisa jekiseni mafuta system. Injini simba rakasvika 175 horsepower.
• 1974 - Zvitanhatu shanduro dze 240 dzinoratidzwa uye maviri - 260. Muchiitiko chechipiri, mota yakashandiswa, yakagadzirwa nevanjiniya kubva kumakambani matatu - Renault, Peugeot neVolvo. Kunyangwe zvavo vasina kusarudzika, mota dzakagamuchira mamaki epamusoro maererano nekuchengeteka.
• 1976 - iyo kambani inopa kukura kwayo, iyo yakagadzirirwa kudzikisira zvirimo zvezvinhu zvinokuvadza mukuneta kwemotokari nekuda kweyakaipa-mhando kupisa kwemhepo-musanganiswa wemafuta. Iyo yekuvandudza yakatumidzwa kuti Lambda probe (iwe unogona kuverenga nezve musimboti wekushanda kweiyo oxygen sensor zvakasiyana). Nekugadzirwa kweiyo oxygen sensor, kambani yakagamuchira mubairo kubva kusangano renharaunda.
• 1976 - Saizvozvowo, Volvo 343 ine mari uye yakachengeteka zvakaenzana inoziviswa.
• 1977 - Iyo kambani, nerubatsiro rweitaly dhizaini studio Bertone, inogadzira yakanakisa 262 coupe.
• 1979 - pamwe nekumwe kunatsiridzwa kwemamato akatozivikanwa, diki sedan 345 ine 70hp injini inoonekwa.
• 1980 - Iyo automaker inosarudza kugadzirisa mota dzaivepo panguva iyoyo. Turbocharged unit inoonekwa, iyo yakaiswa pamotokari yemutakurwi.
• 1982 - kugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa chitsva - Volvo760 inotanga. Iko kusarudzika kwemuenzaniso ndewekuti dizeli unit, iyo yakapihwa senzira, inogona kumhanyisa mota kusvika zana mumasekondi gumi nematatu. Panguva iyoyo, yaive yakanyanya simba mota ine dhiziri injini.
• 1984 - Chimwe chinhu chitsva chinobva kuSweden brand 740 GLE inoburitswa neinjiniya nyowani umo iko kukanganisika kwekukwesana kwezvikamu zvekukwirisa zvakaderedzwa.
• 1985 - iyo Geneva Motor Show yakaratidza chimwe chibereko chejoinhi basa revainjiniya veSweden uye vagadziri veItari - iwo 780, ane muviri wakapfuura nepakati peBertone dhizaini studio muTurin.
• 1987 - Iyo nyowani 480 hatchback inosvitswa neazvino masystem ekuchengetedza, yakazvimirira yekumisa kumashure, sunroof, yepakati yekukiya, ABS uye mamwe matekinoroji epamberi.
• 1988 - Shanduko 740 GTL inoonekwa.
• 1990 - Iyo 760 inotsiviwa neVolvo 960, iyo inomiririra bhenji rekuchengetedza, rakasanganiswa neinjini ine simba uye nekufambisa kwakanaka.
• 1991 - Iyo 850 GL inounza mamwe masystem ekuchengetedza senge padivi kukanganisa kudzivirira mutyairi uye vafambi uye pre-tensioning yemabhanhire echigaro isati yarova.
• 1994 - muenzaniso wakasimba kwazvo munhoroondo yeSweden auto kugadzirwa inoonekwa - iyo 850 T-5R. Pasi pehodhi yemotokari paive neinjini ine turbocharged inosimudzira mazana maviri emabhiza.
• 1995 - Somugumisiro wekushandira pamwe naMitsubishi, muenzaniso wakaungana muHolland unowanikwa - S40 uye V40.
• 1996 - kambani inosuma iyo C70 inoshandurwa. Kugadzirwa kweiyo 850th akateedzana kunopera. Panzvimbo iyoyo, iyo 70 modhi kumashure kweS (sedan) uye V (chiteshi chengoro) inova inoendesa.
• 1997 - S80 akateedzana anoonekwa - bhizinesi-kirasi mota, iyo yakagadzirirwa turbine uye injini yemavhiri ese.
• 2000 - iyo mhando inozadza iwo mutsara weakasununguka chiteshi ngoro neCross Country modhi.
• 2002 - Volvo inova inogadzira crossovers uye maSUV. Iyo XC90 yakaunzwa kuDetroit Auto Show.

Muna 2017, manejimendi manejimendi akaita chirevo chinonakidza: iyo automaker iri kufamba kubva mukugadzirwa kwemotokari dzakashongedzerwa chete neinjini dzemukati dzemoto, uye switch kune kugadzirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi uye mahybrids. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, kambani yeSweden yakarongawo kudzora kumhanya kwepamusoro kwemotokari dzayo kunze kwenyika kusvika pa180 km / h kuitira kuti ivandudze kuchengetedzwa kwemugwagwa.

Heino vhidhiyo ipfupi yekuti nei mota dzeVolvo dzichiri kutarisirwa sedzakachengeteka.

Nei Volvo ichionekwa seimwe yemotokari dzakachengeteka

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Ndiani muridzi weVolvo? Volvo Mota imotokari yeSweden uye inogadzira marori yakavambwa muna 1927. Kubva munaKurume 2010, kambani iyi yanga iri yemuchina wekugadzira Geely Automobile.

Volvo XC90 yakagadzirwa kupi? Kusiyana nekutenda kwakakurumbira kuti mhando dzeVolvo dzakaunganidzwa muNorway, Switzerland kana Germany, mafekitori eEurope ari muTorslanda (Sweden) uye Ghent (Belgium).

Izwi rokuti Volvo rakashandurwa sei? Izwi rechiLatin "Volvo" rakashandiswa neSRF (rudzi rwemubereki wekambani) se sirogani. Yakaturikirwa ichinzi "kutenderera, kuruka." Nokufamba kwenguva, iyo "roll" sarudzo yakasimbiswa.