Murwi Kyushu J7W1 Shinden
Iyo chete Kyūshū J7W1 Shinden interceptor prototype yakavakwa. Nekuda kwechimiro chayo chisina kujairika cheaerodynamic, hapana mubvunzo kuti yaive ndege isina kujairika yakavakwa muJapan munguva yeHondo Yenyika II.
Yaifanirwa kunge inokurumidza, yakanyatsoshongedzerwa interceptor yakagadzirirwa kubata neAmerican Boeing B-29 Superfortress mabhomba. Yakanga iine isina kujairika canard aerodynamic system iyo, kunyangwe imwe chete prototype iri kuvakwa uye kuedzwa, inoramba iripo kusvika nhasi imwe yeanonyanya kuzivikanwa ndege dzeJapan dzakagadzirwa munguva yeHondo Yenyika II. Kuzvipira kwakakanganisa kuenderera mberi kweimwe ndege iyi isina kujairika.
Kaputeni ndiye musiki weShinden fighter concept. Mar. (tai) Masaoki Tsuruno, aimbova mutyairi wendege achishanda muDhipatimendi reAviation (Hikoki-bu) yeNaval Aircraft Arsenal (Kaigun Koku Gijutsusho; Kugisho kwenguva pfupi) muYokosuka. pakupera kwe1942/43, pachake pachake, akatanga kugadzira murwi mune zvisingawanzoitiki "dhadha" aerodynamic configuration, i.e. ine minhenga yakachinjika pamberi (kumberi kwepakati pesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi) nemapapiro kumashure (kuseri kwepakati pesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi). Iyo "dhadha" system yakanga isiri itsva; pane zvinopesana, ndege dzakawanda dzenguva yeupiyona mukugadzirwa kwendege dzakavakwa mukugadziriswa uku. Mushure mezvinonzi Muchinyakare dhizaini, ndege ine minhenga yepamberi yaive isingawanzo uye haina kuenda kupfuura chiyero chekuyedza.
Prototype J7W1 mushure mekubatwa nemaAmerican. Ndege yave kugadziriswa mushure mekukuvadzwa kwakaitwa nemaJapan, asi haisati yapendwa. Kutsauka kukuru kubva pakatarisana negiya rekumhara kunoonekwa zvakajeka.
Iyo "dhadha" marongero ane akawanda mabhenefiti pamusoro peiyo yekare. Iyo empennage inoburitsa yakawedzera kusimudza (mune classical marongero, muswe unogadzira yakatarisana simba rekusimudza kuti riyeredze yekusimudza pitch nguva), saka kune imwe yekubvisa uremu, zvinokwanisika kuvaka chinoyerera chine mapapiro ane diki nzvimbo yekusimudza. Kuisa muswe wakachinjika mumhepo isina kukanganiswa pamberi pemapapiro kunonatsiridza maneuverability kutenderedza pitch axis. Muswe nemapapiro hazvina kukomberedzwa nemhepo yemhepo, uye fuselage yepamberi ine chikamu chiduku chemuchinjikwa, iyo inoderedza iyo yose aerodynamic drag ye airframe.
Ikoko hapana chinomira chiitiko, nekuti apo kona yekurwisa inowedzera kune zvakakosha zvakakosha, kuyerera kunotanga kuputsika uye simba rekusimudza pamuswe wepamberi rinorasika, izvo zvinoita kuti mhino yendege iderere, uye nokudaro kona yekurwisa inoderera, izvo zvinodzivirira kuparadzaniswa kwe jets uye kurasikirwa kwemutakuri wesimba pamapapiro. Iyo diki yekumberi fuselage uye cockpit chinzvimbo pamberi pemapapiro inovandudza kuoneka mberi uye pasi kusvika kumativi. Kune rimwe divi, muhurongwa hwakadaro zvakanyanya kuoma kuve nechokwadi chakakwana chekutungamira (lateral) kugadzikana uye kugadzikana kwakatenderedza yaw axis, pamwe nekugadzikana kwelongitudinal mushure mekupokana kweflap (kureva mushure mekuwedzera kukuru kwekusimudza pamapapiro). )
Mundege yakaita sedhadha, mhinduro yekugadzira iri pachena ndeyekuisa injini kumashure kwefuselage uye kutyaira propeller nemapusher blades. Kunyangwe izvi zvichigona kukonzeresa mamwe matambudziko mukuona kwakaringana kutonhora kweinjini uye kuwana kuongororwa kana kugadziriswa, inosunungura nzvimbo mumhino yekusimudza zvombo zvakanangana pedyo neiyo longitudinal axis yefuselage. Mukuwedzera, injini iri kuseri kwemutyairi.
inopa kumwe kudzivirira kwemoto. Nekudaro, muchiitiko chekumhara kwechimbichimbi mushure mekudhonzwa kubva pamubhedha, inogona kupwanya cockpit. Iyi aerodynamic system yaida kushandiswa kwechassis yevhiri remberi, iyo yakanga ichiri chinhu chitsva muJapan panguva iyoyo.
Dhizaini yekugadzira ndege yakagadzirwa nenzira iyi yakaendeswa kuDhipatimendi reTechnical reMain Aviation Directorate yeNavy (Kaigun Koku Honbu Gijutsubu) semumiriri we otsu-type interceptor (yakapfupikiswa se kyokuchi) (ona bhokisi). Zvinoenderana nekuverenga kwekutanga, ndege yaifanira kunge iine kuita zvirinani kubhururuka kupfuura iyo mapatya-injini Nakajima J5N1 Tenrai, yakagadzirirwa kupindura 18-shi kyokusen yakatarwa muna Ndira 1943. Nekuda kweiyo isina kujairika aerodynamic system, dhizaini yaTsuruno yakasangana nekuzeza. kana, zvakanyanya, kusavimba nevanochengetedza Kaigun Koku Honbu mapurisa. Zvisinei, akawana rubatsiro rwakasimba kubva kuna Comdr. Lieutenant (chusa) Minoru Gendy weNaval General Staff (Gunreibu).
Kuti uedze hunhu hwekubhururuka hwemurwi weramangwana, zvakasarudzwa kutanga kuvaka uye kuyedza mukubhururuka muyedzo weMXY6 airframe (ona bhokisi), iyo ine yakafanana aerodynamic marongero uye zviyero seanofungidzira murwi. Muna Nyamavhuvhu 1943, modhi yechiyero che1:6 yakaedzwa mumugero wemhepo muKugisho. Zvigumisiro zvavo zvakaratidza kuvimbisa, kusimbisa kururamisa kwemafungiro aTsuruno uye kupa tariro yekubudirira kwendege yaakagadzira. Naizvozvo, muna Kukadzi 1944, Kaigun Koku Honbu akabvuma pfungwa yekugadzira murwi asina kujairika, kusanganisira iyo muchirongwa chekusimudzira ndege nyowani seye otsu-type interceptor. Kunyange isina kuitwa zviri pamutemo mukati meiyo 18-shi kyokusen yakatarwa, iyo inonzi nechibvumirano seimwe nzira kune yakakundikana J5N1.
