Mauto ezvombo zveItaly kuEastern Front
Mauto ezvombo zveItaly kuEastern Front
Musi waChikumi 2, 1941, pamusangano nemutungamiri uye mutungamiriri weReich, Adolf Hitler, paBrenner Pass, Mutungamiriri weItaly Benito Mussolini akaziva nezvehurongwa hweGermany hwekurwisa USSR. Izvi hazvina kuuya sechishamiso kwaari, sezvo May 30, 1941, akasarudza kuti nekutanga German oparesheni Barbarossa, zvikwata zveItaly zvinofanirawo kutora chikamu mukurwisa Bolshevism. Pakutanga, Hitler aipikisa, achipikisa kuti nguva dzose zvaigoneka kupa rubatsiro rwakasimba, Duce, nekusimbisa mauto ake muNorth Africa, asi akachinja pfungwa dzake uye musi waJune 30, 1941, akazobvuma pfungwa ye kutora chikamu mubatsiri weItaly mumushandirapamwe weRussia.
Vatasvi vemabhiza - Gruppo Carri Veloci "San Giorgio"
Pazuva rekurwiswa kweGermany neUSSR (Chikumi 22, 1941), General Francesco Zingales akagadzwa semutungamiriri weItaly Expeditionary Force muRussia (Corpo Spedizione neRussia - CSIR), asi panguva yerwendo kuenda kumberi akarwara zvakanyanya. , uye akatsiviwa naGeneral Giovanni Messe. Nheyo yeCSIR yaive nezvikamu zve4th Army yakamira kuchamhembe kweItari. Aya aiva: 9th Infantry Division "Pasubio" (General Vittorio Giovanelii), the 52nd Infantry Division "Turin" (General Luigi Manzi), Prince Amadeo d'Aosta (General Mario Marazziani) uye motokari brigade "Black Shirt" "Tagliamento " . Mukuwedzera, mauto akasiyana-siyana, artillery, injiniya uye sapper akatumirwa, pamwe chete nemauto emashure - mauto 3 62 (kusanganisira 000 mapurisa), ane pfuti 2900 uye dhaka, uye XNUMX motokari.
Simba guru rinokurumidza reItaly Expeditionary Force muRussia raiva Panzer Group San Giorgio, iyo yaiva chikamu che3rd Fast Division. Yaiva nemauto maviri emabhiza ehondo uye Bersaglieri regiment, yaisanganisira mauto matatu ane mota uye battalion yematangi akareruka. Mauto evarwi vemabhiza akanga akaiswa chaizvoizvo, uye bersagliere akanga akashongedzerwa mabhasikoro anopetwa uye, kana zvakakodzera, aigona kushandisa motokari. The 3rd Fast Division yakawedzerwa kutsigirwa neboka rechiedza matangi - tankettes CV 35. Kuparadzaniswa kwerudzi urwu rwechikwata kwaifarirwa nechokwadi chokuti mauto eItaly aitakura zvombo pakutanga aifanirwa kupindirana nevacheche, zvikwata zvemotokari uye mauto emabhiza anomhanya. Izvi zvaifanira kubatsira kune vatakuri vevashandi vekuItaly vane zvombo zveEast Front.
Pakazara, mapoka matatu ekutsanya akagadzirwa: 1. Celere Division "Eugenio di Savoia" ine dzimbahwe muUdine, 2. Celere Division "Emanuele Filiberto Testa di Ferro" muFerrara uye 3. Celere Division "Prince Amedeo Duca D'Aosta" mu Milan. Munguva yerunyararo, chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu izvi chaive nehondo yetangi. Uye saka, mukurongeka, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chakagoverwa: I Gruppo Squadroni Carri Veloci "San Giusto" ine CV 33 uye CV 35; II Gruppo Squadroni Carri Veloci "San Marco" (CV 33 uye CV 35) uye III Gruppo Squadroni Carri Veloci "San Martino" (CV 35), iyo yakakurumidza kunzi "San Giorgio". Zvikwata zvematangi emwenje, aisanganisira matatu tankette squadrons, akaumbwa kubva kumauto emabhiza uye aive muboka revarwi rakafanana nesese chikamu. Izvi zvakaita kuti zvive nyore kushanda pamwe chete. Nguva pfupi hondo isati yatanga, mapoka acho akarongwazve - zvokuti iye zvino akanga ane kambani inodzora uye zvikwata zvina zve 15 light tanks imwe neimwe - 61 tankettes, kusanganisira 5 neredhiyo. Midziyo iyi yaisanganisira motokari inotakura vanhu, marori gumi nerimwe, matirakita gumi nerimwe, matirakita makumi matatu, matirakita masere ezvombo uye midhudhudhu gumi nematanhatu. Simba revashandi raive 11 mapurisa, 11 vasina kutumwa mapurisa uye 30 vakanyoresa varume.
Nheyo dzemotokari dzeItaly dzakashongedzerwa dzaive matangi akareruka (tankettes) CV 35, mayuniti ekutanga akabuda pamutsetse wegungano muna Kukadzi 1936. Vaive vakabata pfuti mbiri dze8mm. Mavhezheni ane 20 mm cannon, murazvo wemoto uye mutungamiriri akagadzirwa zvakare. Kugadzirwa kweserial kwakapera munaNovember 1939. Maererano nedheta rakavimbika raNicola Pignato, 2724 tankettes CV 33 uye CV 35 yakagadzirwa, iyo 1216 yakatengeswa kunze kwenyika. Muna Chikunguru 1940, mauto eItaly aiva ne855 tankettes mubasa, 106 dzakanga dzichigadziriswa, 112 dzakashandiswa munzvimbo dzekudzidzira, uye 212 dzakanga dzakachengetwa.
Iwo maUniti eItaly akatanga mashandiro avo muUkraine nekufora kweinishuwarenzi, mushure mekuburutsa kubva mukutakura njanji, kuenda kuhondo kuumbwa kwemauto. Pakusvika, maItaly akashamiswa nenhamba huru yevarwi vevavengi uye huwandu hukuru hwemidziyo yakashandiswa uye yakaparadzwa navo. Iyo Pasubio Infantry Division uye 3rd High-Speed Division, vachishandisa marori nemabhiza, yakasvika kunzvimbo yekurwira nekukurumidza. Yekupedzisira kusvika yaive chikamu chevacheche vari kufora cheTurin. Mauniti eItaly akasvika pakugadzirira kurwa kwakazara muna Nyamavhuvhu 5, 1941.
