Nzira yekuongorora pombi yemafuta. Diagnostics yepombi yemafuta mumotokari

Iyo pombi yemafuta, sekureva kwazvinoreva, yakagadzirirwa kupomba mafuta mumagetsi emagetsi enjini. Kuti majekiseni akwanise kupinza huwandu hwakakwana hwepeturu mumasilinda ejini yekupisa mukati, imwe dzvinyiriro inofanira kuchengetedzwa muhurongwa hwemafuta. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvinoita pombi yemafuta. Kana pombi yemafuta ikatanga kushanda, izvi zvinokanganisa kushanda kwejini inopisa mukati. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kuongororwa uye kugadzirisa dambudziko repombi yemafuta inokwanisika kuti vatyairi vazviite vega.

Mumazuva ekare, mapombi epeturu aiwanzoita michina, asi michina yakadaro yakagara iri nhoroondo, kunyange zvazvo inogona kuwanikwa pamotokari dzekare dzine carburetor ICEs. Mota dzese dzemazuvano dzine pombi yemagetsi. Iyo inogadziriswa kana iyo inoenderana relay yakagadziriswa. Uye iyo relay inogadziriswa kana iginition yabatidzwa. Zviri nani kumirira masekonzi akati wandei neanotangisa cranking, panguva iyo pombi ichagadzira yakaringana kudzvanywa muhuturu system yekutanga yakajairika injini yekupisa yemukati. Kana injini yadzimwa, relay iyo inotanga pombi yemafuta inodzimwa, uye kupomba kwemafuta muhurongwa kunomira.

Sezvo mutemo, pombi ye peturu inowanikwa mukati metangi yemafuta (submersible type device). Urongwa uhwu hunogadzirisa dambudziko rekutonhora nekuzora pombi, inoitika nekuda kwekugezwa nemafuta. Munzvimbo imwe chete, mugasi tangi, pane kazhinji kacho sensor level ine mafuta ekuyangarara uye bypass valve ine calibrated chitubu chinodzora kudzvanywa muhurongwa. Mukuwedzera, pakupinza kwepombi kune mesh yakakora yekusefa iyo isingabvumiri marara akakura kupfuura. Pamwe chete, zvese izvi zvishandiso zvinogadzira imwechete mafuta module.

Chikamu chemagetsi chepombi injini yakananga yemagetsi yemukati, inofambiswa ne-on-board network ine voltage ye12 V.

Iyo inonyanya kushandiswa peturu pombi ndeye centrifugal (turbine) mhando. Mavari, impeller (turbine) inosungirirwa pane axis yemagetsi emagetsi mukati mejini, mashizha ayo anopinza mafuta muhurongwa.

Zvishoma zvakajairika mapombi ane mechanical chikamu chegiya uye roller mhando. Kazhinji izvi ndezvishandiso zvemhando-yekure zvakaiswa mukuzorora mumutsara wemafuta.

Muchiitiko chekutanga, magiya maviri anowanikwa pane axis yemagetsi mukati memoto injini, imwe mukati meimwe. Iyo yemukati inotenderera pane eccentric rotor, semugumisiro weiyo nzvimbo dzine rarefaction uye yakawedzera kumanikidza alternately fomu mukamuri yekushanda. Nekuda kwekusiyana kwekumanikidza, mafuta anopombwa.

Muchiitiko chechipiri, panzvimbo yemagiya, mutsauko wekumanikidza mune supercharger unogadzira rotor ine rollers iri kutenderedza perimeter.

Sezvo giya uye rotary roller pombi yakaiswa kunze kwetangi remafuta, kupisa kunove dambudziko ravo guru. Ndicho chikonzero nei michina yakadaro inenge isati yamboshandiswa mumotokari.

Iyo pombi yemafuta chigadziriso chakavimbika. Pasi pemamiriro ekushanda akajairika, anorarama avhareji yemakiromita 200 zviuru. Asi zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya hupenyu hwayo.

Muvengi mukuru wepombi yemafuta itsvina muhurongwa. Nekuda kwaizvozvo, pombi inofanirwa kushanda mune yakanyanya kuomarara modhi. Kuwedzeredza ikozvino mumhepo yemagetsi emagetsi kunobatsira pakupisa kwayo uye kunowedzera njodzi yekupwanya waya. Jecha, masimbi esimbi uye mamwe madhipoziti pamashizha anoparadza impeller uye anogona kuita kuti jamu.

Zvimedu zvekune dzimwe nyika muzviitiko zvakawanda zvinopinda muhurongwa hwemafuta pamwe nepeturu, iyo kazhinji isina kuchena pazviteshi zvekuzadza. Kuti uchenese mafuta mumotokari, kune akakosha mafirita - iyo yakatotaurwa yakambotaurwa coarse filtration mesh uye yakanaka mafuta sefa.

Sefa yemafuta chinhu chinodyiwa chinofanira kutsiviwa nguva nenguva. Kana ikasatsiviwa nekufamba kwenguva, pombi yemafuta inotsemuka, nekunetseka kupomba mafuta kuburikidza neyakavharika sefa element.

Iyo coarse mesh zvakare inovharika, asi kusiyana nesefa, inogona kugezwa uye kushandiswa zvakare.

Izvo zvinoitika kuti tsvina inounganidza pasi petangi yemafuta, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kukurumidza kuvhara kwemafiritsi. Muchiitiko ichi, tangi inofanira kucheneswa.

Inopfupisa hupenyu hwepombi yemafuta uye tsika yevamwe vatyairi kutyaira pazvisaririra zvehuti kusvika chiedza chekunyevera chauya. Zvechokwadi, munyaya iyi, pombi iri kunze kwepeturu uye inorambidzwa kutonhora.

Uye zvakare, pombi yemafuta inogona kusashanda nekuda kwematambudziko emagetsi - yakakanganisika wiring, oxidized contacts in the connector, fuse inoputika, yakundikana kutanga relay.

Zvikonzero zvisingawanzo zvikonzero zvinoita kuti pombi yemafuta isashande zvinosanganisira kuiswa kwakashata uye deformation yetangi, semuenzaniso, semhedzisiro yekukanganisa, nekuda kwekuti iyo mafuta module uye pombi iri mairi inogona kuve isina kukwana.

Kana iyo pombi yakanganisa, izvi zvinonyanya kukanganisa kudzvanywa kwemafuta ekupa system kune injini yekupisa yemukati. Pakumanikidzwa kwakadzika, iyo yakakwana yekuumbwa kwemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa mumakamuri ekupisa haizovimbiswe, izvo zvinoreva kuti matambudziko achamuka mukushanda kweinjini yekupisa kwemukati.

Kuratidzwa kwekunze kunogona kunge kwakasiyana.

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• Inzwi reinjini yekupisa mukati inogona kunge yakasiyana zvishoma kubva kune yakajairwa, kunyanya panguva yekudziya-up. Ichi chiratidzo chakajairwa padanho rekutanga rechirwere chepombi yemafuta.

• Kupera simba kunoonekwa. Pakutanga, inobata zvakanyanya pakumhanya kwakanyanya uye paunenge uchityaira uchikwidza. Asi sezvo mamiriro epombi anowedzera, twitches uye periodic slowdowns zvinogonawo kuitika nenzira dzakajairwa pamativi akati sandara emugwagwa.

• Kufamba, kutenderera kunoyangarara zviratidzo zvekuwedzera kuwedzera kwemamiriro ezvinhu.

• Kuwedzera ruzha kana ruzha runobva mutangi remafuta rinoratidza kudikanwa kwekupindira kwekukurumidzira. Zvichida pombi pachayo iri pamakumbo ayo ekupedzisira, kana kuti haigoni kubata mutoro nekuda kwekusvibiswa muhurongwa. Zvinogoneka kuti kucheneswa kwakapusa kweiyo coarse sefa sikirini kuno chengetedza pombi yemafuta kubva parufu. Sefa yemafuta inoita kuchenesa zvakanaka inogona zvakare kuunza dambudziko kana isina kurongeka kana isina kuchinjwa kwenguva yakareba.

• Tanga matambudziko. Zvinhu zvakanyanya kushata, kunyangwe iyo inodziya-up mukati memoto injini inotanga nekuomerwa. kudiwa kwekurebesa kwekutanga kwekutanga kunoreva kuti pombi haigone kugadzira kudzvanywa kwakakwana muhurongwa kuti utange injini yekupisa yemukati.

• ICE zvitoro paunodzvanya gasi pedal. Sezvavanotaura, "Asvika" ...

• Kusavapo kwezwi rinowanzonzwika kubva mutangi yegesi kunoratidza kuti pombi yemafuta haisi kushanda. Usati wapedza pombi, unofanirwa kuongorora yekutanga relay, fuse, kutendeseka kwewaya uye mhando yevanobatika mune yekubatanidza.

Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti zvimwe zvezviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuratidza kwete pombi yemafuta chete, asiwo zvimwe zvikamu zvakawanda - mhepo inoyerera yakawanda, throttle position sensor, damper actuator, inomhanya inomhanya isingaiti, mhepo yakavharwa. sefa, isina kugadziriswa valve clearances.

Kana pane kusava nechokwadi nezvehutano hwepombi, zvakakosha kuita mamwe madhipatimendi, kunyanya, kuyera kudzvinyirira muhurongwa.

Munguva chero ipi zvayo manipulations ane chekuita neayo mafuta system, munhu anofanirwa kuziva nezve njodzi yekubatidza peturu, iyo inogona kudurura kana ichibvisa mitsara yemafuta, kutsiva firita yemafuta, kubatanidza gauge yekumanikidza, nezvimwe.

Kutsikirirwa kunopimwa pachishandiswa gauge yemafuta. Mukuwedzera, iwe unogona kuda adapta kana tee kuti ubatanidze. Zvinoitika kuti vanouya nemudziyo, kana zvisina kudaro iwe uchafanirwa kuzvitenga zvakasiyana. Iwe unogona kushandisa mhepo (tai) pressure gauge, asi mudziyo wakadaro wakagadzirirwa kudzvinyirira kwakanyanya, uye pakutanga kwechiyero kuchapa kukanganisa kukuru.

Chokutanga pane zvose, unoda kusunungura kudzvinyirira muhurongwa. Kuti uite izvi, de-energize pombi yemafuta nekubvisa relay inotanga iyo kana fuse inoenderana. Iko kune relay uye fuse inowanikwa inogona kuwanikwa mune sevhisi zvinyorwa zvemota. zvino unofanira kutanga injini inopisa mukati ne de-energized pombi. Sezvo kuchave pasina kupomba kwemafuta, injini yekupisa yemukati inomira mushure meseti yemasekonzi, yapedza peturu yasara murampu.

Tevere, iwe unofanirwa kutsvaga yakakosha yekukodzera panjanji yemafuta uye batanidza gauge yekumanikidza. Kana pasina nzvimbo pane rampu yekubatanidza gauge yekumanikidza, mudziyo unogona kubatanidzwa kuburikidza netii kune yekubuda kwakaringana yemafuta module.

Dzorera iyo yekutanga relay (fuse) uye tanga injini.

Kune peturu mukati meinjini dzinopisa, kudzvanywa kwekutanga kunofanirwa kunge kuri 3 ... 3,7 bar (atmosphere), pasina basa - anenge 2,5 ... 2,8 bar, ine pinched drain pipe (kudzoka) - 6 ... 7 bar.

Kana iyo geji yekumanikidza ine chiyero chekupedza kudzidza muMegaPascals, chiyero chezvikamu zvekuyera ndeichi: 1 MPa = 10 bar.

Iwo akaratidzwa kukosha anoyerwa uye anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nemaparamita eimwe yemukati injini yekupisa.

Kuwedzera kunonoka kwekumanikidza pakutanga-kumusoro kunoratidza sefa yakasvibiswa zvakanyanya. Chimwe chikonzero chingave chekuti hapana mafuta akakwana mutangi, iyo iyo pombi inogona kunge ichiyamwa mumhepo, iyo inozivikanwa kumanikidza nyore.

Iko kushanduka kweiyo pressure gauge tsono pakumhanya kusingaite kweinjini yekupisa kwemukati kunoratidza kushanda kwakashata kwemafuta ekumanikidza regulator. Kana kuti mesh yakakora yakangovharwa. Nenzira, mune dzimwe nguva, iyo mafuta module bulb inogona kunge iine imwe grid, iyo inofanirwawo kuongororwa uye kushambidzwa kana zvichidikanwa.

Dzima injini uye uteedzere kuverengerwa kwegeji yekumanikidza. Dzvinyiriro yacho inofanira kudonha nekukurumidza kusvika pa 0,7…1,2 bar uye irambe iri padanho iri kwenguva yakati, zvino inozodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma pamusoro pe2…4 maawa.

Kukurumidza kuderera mukuverenga zviridzwa kusvika zero mushure mekunge injini yamira inogona kuratidza kusashanda kwemafuta ekumanikidza regulator.

Kuti ufungidzire kushanda kwepombi yemafuta, hapana zviridzwa zvinodiwa. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kubvisa mutsara wekudzoka kubva kune rampu, uye panzvimbo pacho batanidza hose uye uitungamirire mumudziyo wakasiyana une chiyero chekuyera. Muminiti imwe, pombi inoshanda inofanirwa kupomba marita imwe nehafu yemafuta. Kukosha uku kunogona kusiyanisa zvishoma zvichienderana nepombi modhi uye mafuta system paramita. Kuderedzwa kwekuita kunoratidza matambudziko nepombi pachayo kana kusvibiswa kwemutsara wemafuta, majekiseni, sefa, mesh, nezvimwe.

Kushandura kiyi yekubatidza kunopa 12 volts kune relay iyo inotanga pombi yemafuta. Mukati memasekonzi mashoma, ruzha rwepombi inomhanya inonyatso kunzwika kubva mutangi yemafuta, ichigadzira kudzvanywa kwakakodzera muhurongwa. mberi, kana injini yekupisa yemukati isati yatangwa, inomira, uye iwe unogona kazhinji kunzwa kudzvanya kweiyo relay. Kana izvi zvikasaitika, unofanirwa kutsvaga chikonzero chedambudziko. Uye iwe unofanirwa kutanga nekutarisa magetsi ekupa.

1. Chokutanga pane zvose, tinowana uye tinoongorora kuvimbika kwefuse iyo iyo pombi yemafuta inoshandiswa. inogona kuongororwa nemaziso kana ne ohmmeter. Isu tinotsiva iyo fuse yakavhuvhuta neimwe yakafanana yechiyero chakafanana (yakaverengerwa kune imwechete ikozvino). Kana zvese zvashanda, tinofara kuti taburuka zvishoma. Asi zvinokwanisika kuti fuse itsva ichaputika zvakare. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pane dunhu diki mudunhu rayo. Kuwedzera kuedza kushandura fuse hakuna maturo kusvikira pfupi pfupi yabviswa.

Waya dzinogona kupfupika - zvese kune kesi uye kune mumwe nemumwe. Iwe unogona kusarudza nekufona ne ohmmeter.

Kutenderera kupfupi sedunhu kunogonawo kunge kuri mumhepo yemagetsi mukati memoto injini - zvakaoma kuiongorora uine chivimbo nedial toni, sezvo kupokana kwemhepo yeinjini inobatika yemukati inowanzova 1 ... 2 Ohm. .

Kupfuura iyo inobvumidzwa ikozvino inogona kukonzerwa nekujairika kwemagetsi emagetsi mukati mejini yekupisa. Kuti uongorore izvi, iwe uchafanirwa kubvisa iyo mafuta module uye dismantle pombi yemafuta.

2. Kana pombi isingatangi, relay yekutanga inogona kunge isina kunaka.

Tora zvishoma pairi, semuenzaniso, nemubato wescrewdriver. Pamwe macontacts akangomira.

Edza kuiburitsa woidzorera mukati. Izvi zvinogona kushanda kana materminal akaiswa oxidized.

Ridza coil relay kuti uone kuti haina kuvhurika.

Chekupedzisira, iwe unogona kungotsiva iyo relay neyasara imwe.

Pane imwe mamiriro - pombi inotanga, asi haidzimi nekuda kwekuti relay contacts haina kuzarura. Kunamatira muzviitiko zvakawanda kunogona kubviswa nekudzvanya. Kana izvi zvikakundikana, ipapo relay inofanira kutsiviwa.

3. Kana iyo fuse uye relay zvakanaka, asi pombi haina kutanga, ongorora kana 12V iri kusvika kune chibatanidza pane mafuta module.

Unganidza ma-multimeter probes kumagetsi ekubatanidza mu DC voltage measurement mode pamuganhu we20 ... 30 V. Kana pasina multimeter, unogona kubatanidza 12 Volt light bulb. Batidza iginition uye ongorora kuverenga kwemudziyo kana girobhu. Kana pasina voltage, tsvaga kutendeseka kwe wiring uye kuvapo kwekubatana mukubatanidza pachayo.

4. Kana simba rinoshandiswa kune mafuta module connector, asi murwere wedu haasati aratidza zviratidzo zvehupenyu, tinoda kuibvisa muchiedza chezuva uye kupukuta nemaoko kuti tive nechokwadi kuti hapana (kana kuvapo) kwe mechanical jamming. .

далее следует диагностировать обмотку омметром. Если она в обрыве, то можно окончательно констатировать смерть бензонасоса и заказывать новый у заслуживающего доверия продавца. Не тратьте зря время на реанимацию. Это бесперспективное дело.

Kana zvindori zvinomonereka, unogona kuongorora mudziyo nekuisa voltage kwairi zvakananga kubva kubhatiri. Inoshanda - idzosere kunzvimbo yayo uye enda kune inotevera cheki poindi. Kwete - tenga nekuisa pombi itsva yemafuta.

Zvinokwanisika kutanga pombi yehuni yakabviswa kubva mutangi kwenguva pfupi, sezvo kazhinji inotonhorera uye inozorwa nepeturu.

5. Sezvo iyo moduli yemafuta yakabviswa, yave nguva yekuongorora uye kupepeta coarse filtration mesh. Shandisa bhurashi uye peturu, asi usapfuure kuitira kuti usabvarura mesh.

6. Ongorora mafuta ekumanikidza regulator.

Mutongi anogona kunge achinyumwira kana kudzvanywa muhurongwa kuchikurumidza kudonha kusvika zero mushure mekunge injini yadzimwa. Kazhinji, inofanira kuderera zvishoma nezvishoma kwemaawa akawanda. Zvakare, nekuda kwekuputsika kwayo, kudzvanywa muhurongwa kunogona kuderera zvakanyanya pane zvakajairika kana pombi iri kushanda, sezvo chikamu chepeturu chinogara chichidzokera kutangi kuburikidza nevhavha yakavhurika cheki.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, valve yakanamatira inogona kudzorerwa panzvimbo yakarurama. Kuti uite izvi, sunga hose yekudzoka uye tanga pombi yehuni (shandura kupisa). Kana kudzvinyirirwa muhurongwa kunosvika pakakwirira, iwe unoda kungoerekana wasunungura hose.

Kana mamiriro acho asingakwanisi kugadziriswa nenzira iyi, iyo mafuta ekumanikidza regulator ichafanirwa kutsiviwa.

7. Geza majekiseni nozzles. Ivo vanogona zvakare kuvharika uye kuomesa mashandiro epombi yemafuta, zvichikonzera ruzha rwayo. Kuvharwa kwemitsara yemafuta uye ramps zvishoma, asi izvi hazvigone kubviswa zvachose.

8. Kana zvinhu zvose zvichiongororwa uye zvakashambidzwa, firiji yemafuta inotsiviwa, uye pombi yegesi ichiri kuita ruzha rukuru uye pombi yemafuta zvisina kunaka, pane chinhu chimwe chete chasara - kutenga chigadzirwa chitsva, uye kutumira yekare kutsime. -kukodzera kuzorora. Muchiitiko ichi, hazvidiwi kutenga yakazara mafuta module, zvakakwana kutenga chete ICE pachayo.

Sezvo chikamu cheshumba chezvimedu zvekune dzimwe nyika chinopinda muhurongwa hwemafuta panguva yekuwedzera, tinogona kutaura kuti kuchena kwemafuta ndiyo kiyi yehutano hwepombi yemafuta.

Edza kuwedzera mafuta emhando yepamusoro pazviteshi zvepeturu.

Usashandise makabati esimbi ekare kuchengetedza peturu, iyo inogona kunge ine ngura yemadziro emukati.

Shandura / chenesa mafirita zvinhu munguva.

Dzivisa kubvisa zvachose tangi, inofanira kugara iine 5 ... 10 malita emafuta. Zvakanaka, inofanira kugara iine chikamu chechina chakazara.

Aya matanho akareruka achaita kuti pombi yemafuta irambe iri mumamiriro akanaka kwenguva yakareba uye kudzivirira mamiriro ezvinhu asingafadzi ane chekuita nekutadza kwayo.