Iyo inoshanda sei: CVT bhokisi

Zvagara zvichizivikanwa kuti kutapurirana mumotokari kunokutendera kuti ugovane zvakaenzana torque inogadzirwa neyesimba simba. Izvi zvinodikanwa kuti kumhanyisa kana kusimba kumhanyisa mota. Mutyairi anoshandisa imwe nhanho yeinjini rpm, ichidzivirira kupinda mune imwe nzira yekuwedzera.

Kana zviri zvekutapurirana kwebhuku, nezve mudziyo wayo uye kuti ungaichengeta sei kwenguva yakareba, tambotaura. Uye ichi chinoratidzika kunge chinyorwa chakabiwa. Ngatitaurei nezve cvt: ndeipi iyi mashandiro, basa rayo uye kana zvakakosha kutora mota ine yakafanana transmission.

Chii chinonzi CVT bhokisi

Uyu mhando otomatiki hutachiwana. Izvo ndezvechikamu cheanoramba achienderera akasiyana transmissions. Kusarudzika kwayo kuri muchokwadi chekuti musiyano unopa shanduko isina kutsarukana mumagiya ezviyero mune diki diki risingakwanise kuwanikwa mumakanika.

Iyo yakagadzirirwa nemotokari dzinoshanda pasi pekutonga kweyemagetsi control unit. Ichi chishandiso chakaenzana chinogovera mitoro inouya kubva kuinjini zvinoenderana nekupokana kunoiswa kumavhiri ekutyaira emotokari.

Shanduko yegiya inoitwa mushe mushe - mutyairi dzimwe nguva haatombo kucherechedza kuti mashandiro eiyo mashandiro echimiro anochinja Izvi zvinovandudza kutasva nyaradzo.

Principal mudziyo

Dhizaini yemuchina iri yakaoma kunzwisisa, ndosaka kugadzirwa kwayo kuchidhura mune zvemashoko. Uye zvakare, nekuda kwekuoma kwekugadzirwa, iko kuenderera kwakachinjika kutenderera hakugone kugovera kunyange kugoverwa kwemitoro mune mamwe marudzi enjini.

Musiyano wakakosha pakati pekuenderera kwekusiyana kwekutapurirana uye meanalog analogue ndeyekuti haina batira. Nhasi, misiyano iri kuramba ichigadziriswa, uye panotove nekugadziridzwa kwakasiyana kwakasiyana. Nekudaro, izvo zvakakosha zvinhu zvebhokisi ndezvi:

• Iyo huru yekufambisa mashandiro ndeye torque inoshandura. Ichi chikamu chinotora pamusoro petoriki inogadzirwa neinjini ndokuitumira kune zvinouraya zvinhu;
• Chekutanga giya pulley (yakabatana neiyo hydraulic clutch) uye yechipiri giya pulley (inoendesa mauto kune chassis yemota);
• Kuendeswa kwemauto kunoitwa kuburikidza nebhandi, uye mune dzimwe nguva, ketani;
• Zvemagetsi zvinodzora shanduko yemashandisirwo enzira dzemaitiro;
• Chikamu chakaparadzaniswa chinogoneswa kana reverse giya richiitwa;
• Iyo shaft pane iyo yekufambisa pulley uye main giya yakatarwa;
• Mazhinji ekugadzirisa anewo musiyano.

Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti zvinhu izvi hazvipe kunzwisiswa kwekuti kufambisa kwacho kunoshanda sei. Izvo zvese zvinoenderana nekushandurwa kwechigadzirwa, icho chinokurukurwa zvishoma gare gare, asi ikozvino isu tichafunga nezvekuti musimboti unoshanda sei.

Sei basa iri

Kune matatu akakosha marudzi ekufambisa ayo anoshandiswa mukutakura uye ane chirevo chekushanda chakafanana necvt:

• Kufambisa kwesimba. Muchiitiko ichi, chishandiso chinoshandiswa chete kune yakamanikana-mbiri yekufambisa. Iyo mota inotyaira iyo dynamo yejenareta, iyo inogadzira iyo inodiwa simba rekutapurirana. Muenzaniso weiyo gearbox ndeye BelAZ;
• Kufambisa kubva kune torque converter. Rudzi rwegiya iri rwakatsetseka. Iyo hydraulic clutch inosimudzwa nepombi, iyo inopa mafuta pasi pekumanikidza kukuru, zvichienderana neinjini inomhanya. Iyi nzira iri pamwoyo wezvese zvemazuva ano otomatiki ekufambisa;
• Hydrostatic mhando kutapurirana. Tekinoroji yekare, asi ichiri kushandiswa mune zvimwe zvekufambisa. Nheyo yebhokisi rakadai - injini yemoto yemukati inotya pombi yemafuta, iyo inopa kumanikidza kune emagetsi maficha akabatana nemavhiri ekutyaira. Muenzaniso wekutakura kwakadai mimwe mienzaniso yekubatanidza.

Kana zviri zvekusiyana, kunyangwe zvichishanda pane yakati fananei, kuchine mutsauko wakakura. Dhizaini yeiyo yakasarudzika variator inosanganisira yekubatanidza inoyerera, iyo isina kusununguka nesimba remagetsi muchina. Chete kuendesa torque kune inotyairwa shaft yebhokisi kunoitwa uchishandisa wepakati chinhu. Kazhinji kazhinji, vagadziri venhepfenyuro dzakadai vanoshandisa rakasimba bhandi mumushini. Nekudaro, kune zvekare kufambiswa kwecheni.

Iyo giya reshiyo inoshandurwa nekushandura dhayamita yedhiraivha uye inotyairwa pulleys. Kana mutyairi achisarudza yakakodzera dhiraivha nzira pane yekufambisa sosi, iyo yekudzivirira unit inorekodha data kubva kumavhiri uye injini zvikamu. Zvichienderana neiyi data, zvemagetsi panguva chaiyo zvinoshandura madziro emapurleys anoshanda, nekuda kwekuti iwo epakati dhayamita inowedzera (yakadaro ficha yechigadzirwa chezvikamu izvi). Iyo giya reshiyo inowedzera uye mavhiri anotanga kutendeuka nekukurumidza.

Kana reverse giya rikabatanidzwa, iyo mashandiro haishande mukutsiva modhi, asi inomisikidza imwe yekuwedzera. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, iri bhokisi remagetsi.

Kuwedzera dynamics yevariator

Kuenzaniswa neyekare otomatiki kutapurirana, iyo CVT inonzwa ine usimbe kubva pakutanga, sekunge mutyairi ari kudzvanya zvishoma nezvishoma gasi pedal. Muchina uchave wakapinza pakutanga. Muchiitiko ichi, panguva yekushandura kune giya rinotevera, motokari ichazununguka. Asi kana tichitaura pamusoro pechinhambwe, ipapo neinjini imwechete uye zviyero zvemotokari, variator ine zvakawanda zvakanakira.

Chikonzero ndechekuti kana uchichinja kubva kune giya kuenda kune giya, muchina unorasikirwa nekudhonza. Iyo vhezheni panguva yekushanda inoshandura giya reshiyo zvakanyanya mushe, nekuda kwekuti hapana gaka mukufambiswa kwekusundira. Muchiitiko ichi, mota inoshanda nekumhanya uko iyo yakanyanya torque inotumirwa. Muchina uyu, kune rumwe rutivi, unowanzo tora shoma traction injini kumhanya, ndosaka iyo yakazara dynamics yemota ichitambura.

CVTs yekare kusunungurwa (pamberi 2007, uye zvimwe kugadziridzwa pamberi 2010) akachinja giya reshiyo apo injini kumhanya akawedzera anenge kusvika kunonyanyisa. Nekuiswa kwemayuniti ekudzora ega ega ekutapurirana, iyi drawback yakabviswa. Chizvarwa chitsva cheCVTs chinochinjika kune yemitambo modhi, uye kana iwe ukadzvanya iyo accelerator zvakanyanya, inobva yachinja ichichinja giya reshiyo pakumhanya kwakanyanya kweinjini.

Panguva imwecheteyo, traction inochengetedzwa mukati mese shanduko mumagiya ebhokisi. Kana kuti kusvikira mutyairi amira kudzvinyirira accelerator pedal. Nokudaro, kushanduka kwemotokari kunokonzerwa zvakananga nechisimba chekutsikirira gasi pedal.

Kutevedzera bhokisi remanyorero paCVT

Pasi pemanyorero ekuchinja mune variator kunoreva kuisirwa kwegiyashift lever yekumanikidza kuwedzera / kuderera muyero yegiya yekufambisa. Kana tichitaura nezvemakina echinyakare, saka kana iwe uchifambisa mubato wakananga "+" kana "-", iyo control unit inopa murairo wekuchinja giya.

Sezvo maCVT asina nhanho shanduko kubva mugiya kuenda kugiya, maitiro aya akati siyanei. Kunyange kana zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvichiratidza giya rinoratidzwa nemutyairi pane dashboard, yemagetsi control unit yeCVT yemazuva ano icharamba ichivimbisa kuti tachometer tsono haipindi munzvimbo yakatsvuka (haizobvumi kuti injini ishande nekukurumidza). Izvo zvichaitikawo kana mutyairi akaraira zvemagetsi kuchengetedza giya reshiyo pane yakaderera revs - kutapurirana hakuzobvumiri injini kumira nekuda kwekudzika kwakadzika revs.

Kana tikataura nezve dynamics yemotokari, ipapo mune manual mode pamushini, mutyairi achakwanisa kuvandudza kukurumidza kwemotokari nekugadzirisa kuchinja kune rimwe giya, asi kana iri CVT, izvi hazvizogadzirisi. kumhanya kwemota. Chikonzero ndechekuti "manual modhi" inoshandisawo isingashande injini yekumhanyisa nzvimbo yekumhanyisa.

Kuvapo kweiyi sarudzo muCVTs yemazuva ano ingori nzira yekushambadzira kune avo vatyairi vanofarira "kudzora" maitiro ekushandisa torque. Nokuda kwesimba rinonyanya kushanda munyaya yevariator, zviri nani kushandisa otomatiki modhi (chinzvimbo pane sarudzo "D").

Zvimiro zvekufamba kwemota ine transmission yakadaro

Funga nezve mafambisirwo emotokari paCVT-mhando yekufambisa. Muridzi wemotokari yakadaro anofanira kuyeuka:

1. Iine variator, hazvishande kutsvedza pakutanga. Chikonzero ndechekuti magetsi anogara achidzora iyo inonyanya kushanda yegiya reshiyo zvinoenderana nekumhanya kweinjini uye mutoro pairi.
2. Iyo variator ichabatsira mutyairi munzira ipi panguva yekutanga. Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwakatsetseka kwekudhonza, mavhiri haazotsvedza kana mutyairi akasaverengera kuedza pane gasi pedal.
3. Paunenge uchipfuura nemotokari ine CVT, iwe uchada kudzvanya gasi zvakanyanya kwete panguva yekufambisa, senge pane mechanic kana otomatiki, asi pakarepo zvisati zvaitika, sezvo kufambisa kunoshanda nekunonoka kudiki.
4. Pamusiyano, zvakanyanya kuoma kubata inodzorwa skid nekuda kweiyo "belated" maitiro ebhokisi pakutsikirira gasi. Kana pane mechanics ye skidding inofanirwa kudzvanya zvakanyanya gasi mushure mekushandura vhiri, saka kana iri iyo variator izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa zvakananga kana vhiri rinotenderedzwa.
5. Sezvo rudzi urwu rwekutapurirana runogara ruchisarudza yakaringana giya reshiyo zvinoenderana nekumhanya kweinjini, izvi zvinokonzeresa musanganiswa wakanaka pakati pekudhonza uye kuderera kwemafuta. Iyi sisitimu inobvumira mota kuti ishande nenzira yakadai, sekunge mota iri kutyaira mumugwagwa mukuru uri kunze kweguta. Kana iyo mota ine cruise control, hupfumi hwemafuta huchaonekwa zvakanyanya.

Mhando uye nheyo yekushanda kwevariator pamotokari

Mota dzemazuva ano dzakashongedzerwa neCVT dzinogona kuwana imwe yemhando mbiri dzekutapurirana:

• V-belt;
• Toroid.

Misiyano yavo iri mumhando dzekugadzira, kunyangwe iyo nheyo yekushanda inoramba yakafanana. Ngatitarisei marudzi aya ekutyaira zvakasiyana.

V-bhandi

Mota zhinji dzine CVT dzinowana rudzi urwu rwegiya bhokisi. Kazhinji mukufambisa kwakadaro kunoshandiswa bhanhire rimwe chete (dzimwe nguva kune kugadziriswa nemagetsi maviri). Muchina uyu unoshandisa mapulley maviri ane mhete dzakaita seweji. Bhandi rine mufananidzo wakafanana weji rinoiswa pavari. Pakutanga, vagadziri vakashandisa rabha yakasimbiswa. Kutumira kwemazuva ano kunoshandisa simbi dzesimbi.

Imwe neimwe pulley (iri padhiraivha uye inotyairwa shafts) ine kunze yakarerekera madziro ane kona yekurerekera inoenderana neiyo shaft axis ye70 degrees. Muchiito chekushandura chiyero chegiya, madziro emapulley anofamba kana kutsauka, nekuda kweiyo dhayamita yepulley inoshanduka. Madziro emapulley anofambiswa nezvitubu, centrifugal force kana servos.

Ichi chikamu cheyuniti muV-belt variators ndiyo inonyanya kunetseka, nekuti inonyanya kuoneswa pamutoro. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kushandiswa kwemazuva ano kwerudzi urwu kunoshandisa zvivako zvesimbi zvine mahwendefa echimiro chakaoma.

Pakati pemadhiraivha-akaita sewedge, pane variators vakashongedzerwa neketani. Nhamba yezvisungo mairi yakakura, nekuda kweiyo inopindirana zvakasimba nemadziro epulley. Rudzi urwu rwemusiyano unoratidzwa nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro kana uchienzaniswa nemamwe analogues, asi nekuda kwesimba rekukwesha, rinodikanwa kushandisa iyo yakanyanya kusimba zvinhu, izvo zvinoita kuti cheni yemhando iyi idhure.

Toroid

Aya mamwe madhizaini akaomarara. MaCVT akadaro anowanzo kuve akashongedzerwa neshure-vhiri dhiraivha mota dzine simba rine simba unit. Kune iyo inonyanya kufambisa yekufambisa ye torque pakumhanya kwakanyanya, bhokisi regiya repasi rinoshandiswa rinoshandiswa, iro rinoendesa kurovera zvakananga. Pamberi-mavhiri mota dzinotyaira, vhezheni yakadaro yakabatana kune huru giya uye musiyano.

Dhizaini yeiyo toroidal variator inewo madhisiki maviri, chete masanhu avo anowirirana. Muchikamu chemuchinjiko, madhisiki aya anoita senge isosceles triangles (ane spherical shape). Rollers akaiswa pakati pemativi emativi emadhisiki aya, ayo anoshandura nzvimbo yavo nekumanikidza kushanda disks.

Kana iyo drive disc ichidzvanya roller inopesana neinotyairwa, yakawanda torque inofambiswa uye inodhiraivha disc inotenderera nekukurumidza. Kana simba racho rakaderedzwa, dhisiki inofambiswa inotenderera zvishoma nezvishoma.

Mhando dzeV-bhandi variators

Mushure mekuuya kweiyo vhezheni yerudzi rwekutapurirana, ivo vakatanga kukura mumunda wekuwedzera kushanda kwayo. Nekuda kweizvi, nhasi varidzi vemota vanopihwa iyo yakanyanya kumhanya nadzurudzo, iyo yakazviratidza kuti ndiyo inoshanda kwazvo pakati peanofananidza - V-bhandi variators.

Imwe neimwe inogadzira inodaidza iyi nongedzo yegearboxes zvakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, Ford ine Transmatic, Ecotronic kana Durashift. Iko kunetseka kweToyota kunoshongedza mota dzayo nekutapurirana kwakafanana, chete pasi pezita reMultidrive. Nissan mota zvakare dzine V-bhandi kusiyanisa, asi zita iri Xtronic kana Hyper. Analog kune ese ataurwa variator Autotronic, iyo inowanikwa mumhando zhinji dzeMercedes.

Mukusiyana kwakadaro, zvinhu zvikuru zvinoramba zvakafanana, asi musimboti wekubatanidza pakati pemota uye giya rakasiyana zvakasiyana. Mazhinji mabhajeti mamodheru anoshandisa maCVTs akadai seXtronic, Multidrive nemamwe. Pamwoyo peizvi zvigadziriso ndiyo torque inoshandura.

Pane zvimwe zvinodhura sarudzo:

• Elektroniki batira yakavakirwa nemagetsi kuita kwemaitiro. Misiyano iyi inonzi Hyper;
• Imwe otomatiki batira sarudzo ndeyeiyo Transmatic. Iyo inoshandisa iyo centrifugal simba reiyo hydraulic fluid;
• Kana zita rekutakura riine chirevo chekutanga Multi, saka kazhinji mukugadzirisa kwakadai kwakanyorova-mhando clutch discs anoshandiswa.

Kana mota nyowani ikatengwa uye zvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi zvichiratidza kuti iko kutapurirana iri CVT, izvi hazvireve kuti nguva dzose kuvepo kwetorque converter. Asi muzviitiko zvakawanda, iro bhokisi rinenge riine michina iyi chete.

Kubatsira nekuipira kweCVT

Mhando yega yega yekutapurirana ine vateveri vayo, saka muzviitiko zvakawanda, sekureva kweimwe, rimwe basa rinoonekwa senge mukana, uye imwe - zvinopesana, kusagadzikana. Kana isu tichifunga kuvimbika, ipapo variator bhokisi haridi chero rakakosha gadziriso - ingo chinja oiri nenguva uye ishande zvinoenderana nezvakataurwa nemugadziri.

Heano mamwe mabhenefiti:

• Kutakura kune simba rakatsetseka kana uchichinja magiya ratios, zvinoita kuti zvinyatsoita kutyaira sezvinobvira;
• Kuti ukurumidze kumhanya nekukurumidza, iwe unongoda kunyudza peturu peturu;
• Mutyairi haazeze kuchinja magiya - chinonyanya kukosha kune vanotanga;
• Iine mashandiro ekushanda, ichashanda chinyararire;
• Iko kubviswa kwesimba kwemotokari kuri mune yakasarudzika renji, iyo isingatenderi mota kuti iwedzere kana kuenda kukumhanyisa kumhanya;
• Kana iyo michina ikasimudza giya mangwanani, mota inosangana nemutoro wakawedzera. Kubhadhara izvi, vharuvhu yekuvhurika inovhura zvakanyanya, uye mafuta akawanda anopinda muma cylinders, asi mune ino modhi inopisa zvishoma zvine mutsindo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvinhu zvakawanda zvisina kupiswa zvinopinda muchirongwa chekudzima. Kana mota iine chinokonzera, ipapo zvisaririra zvichapisa mukati maro, izvo zvichanyanyisa kudzikisa sosi inoshanda yechikamu.

Cars, akashongedzerwa vari variator vane zvakawanda zvinokosha payakaipira:

• Kana mavhiri akatsvedza, iro bhokisi rinogona kunge risinga nyatso kugovera iyo mitoro. Semuenzaniso, izvi zvinowanzoitika pachando;
• Iye haafarire yakakwirira revs, saka mutyairi anofanirwa kungwarira panguva ipi iyo kufambisa haichazowedzera giya reshiyo;
• Natural kusakara kwemapuroyisi anoshanda;
• Maitiro ekushandura girizi mumushini akaganhurirwa - zvinoenderana nezvakakurudzirwa nemugadziri, nguva ino inogona kunge iri zviuru makumi maviri, uye pamwe nemakumi matatu emakiromita;
• Musiyano uri nyore kuputsa pane chishandiso kutapurirana
• Izvo zvinodhura kwazvo kugadzirisa nekuda kwekuti inyanzvi chete ndiyo inogona kuita basa nemazvo, ndiani achatora mari yakanaka pamabasa ake.

Kukanganisa kukuru

Kuputsika kwebhokisi rekusiyanisa idambudziko chairo kune mutyairi. Nekudaro, nekutevedzera kwakakodzera kurudziro yemugadziri, inoshanda zvakadzikama. Hezvino izvo zvinogona kukundikana mazviri:

• Muviri unobatanidza uyo masimba anotapurirana kubva kune yekutyaira pulley kuenda kune inotyairwa pulley. Mune zvimwe zviitiko ibhande, kune vamwe iketani;
• Kuvhiringidzwa kwemagetsi - kurasikirwa kwekubatana, kutadza kwema sensors;
• Mechanical kuparara kwekusanganiswa kwemvura;
• Kukundikana kwezvinhu zvekusarudza;
• Kuputsa kwemafuta pombi kumanikidza kudzikisira vharuvhu;
• Zvikanganiso muchikamu chekutonga. Dambudziko iri rinowanikwa zviri nyore semhedzisiro yemotokari yakazara kuongororwa pabhenji rekuyedza.

Kana zviri zvemagetsi, komputa ichakurumidza kuratidza kuti imhosva chii. Asi nekuputsika kwema mechanical, kuongororwa kunova kwakaoma. Hezvino izvo zvinogona kuratidza dambudziko nemusiyano:

• Kusagadzikana kufamba kwemotokari, ichiperekedzwa nejerks;
• Kana kwazvakarerekera kumhanya kuchisarudzwa, mota inoramba ichifamba;
• Zvakaoma kana zvisingaite bhaisikopo giya kuchinjika (kana sarudzo yakadaro iriko mukutapurirana).

Zvikonzero zvekuparara kweCVT

Chero nzira nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare inokundikana nekuda kwekupfeka kwechisikigo uye kubvarura kwezvikamu zvayo. Izvo zvinoshandawo kune variator. Kunyangwe iyi mhando yebhokisi ichionekwa seyakaomarara, vatyairi vachiri kutarisana nekusashanda kwayo.

Chinhu chakakosha chinokanganisa hupenyu hweyuniti ndiko kuchengetedza panguva yekutapurirana. Iyo yakarongwa yekugadzirisa chirongwa inotsanangurwa nemugadziri wemotokari. Izvo zvinodiwawo kufunga nezve kurudziro yekushandisa iyi mhando yekutapurirana. Rondedzero yekugadziriswa kwayo kweiyo variator inosanganisira:

• Kutsiviwa nenguva kwemafuta ekutepfenyura uye zvese zvinodyiwa zvegiya bhokisi;
• Kugadziriswa nenguva kana kuchinjwa kwezvikamu zvakakundikana zvebhokisi;
• Maitiro ekutyaira chaiwo (hazvikurudzirwe kushandisa kudhiraivha paCVT, kutyaira kwemitambo uchimhanyisa uye nekukasira kumira, kutyaira zvine simba pabhokisi risina kupisa).

Zvimwe zvinokonzeresa kutadza kwevariator kupfeka kwechisikigo kana kukanganisa panguva yekugadzirwa kwezvikamu kana iyo yese unit. Chechipiri hachiwanzoitiki, uye izvi zvinoshanda zvakanyanya kumhando dzemotokari dzebhajeti.

Kazhinji, variator inokundikana nekuda kwekushandiswa kwemafuta akaipa. Mukushanda kwekutapurirana kwakadaro, basa rakakosha rinopihwa kumhando yemafuta, saka muridzi wemota anofanirwa kutora zvakanyanya nzira yekutsiviwa kwemvura.

Kana iyo yekare-style variator yakaiswa mumotokari, saka kazhinji mafuta mairi inoda kuchinjwa makiromita 30-50 zviuru zvemakiromita. Kana motokari ikashandisa kutakura kwemazuva ano, ipapo kuchinja kwemafuta kunogona kudiwa mushure me 60-80 zviuru zvemakiromita. Uyezve, ndiyo mileage inobata nguva iyi, uye kwete maawa, sezvazvakaita kune injini dzinopisa mukati.

Kushanda kwemusiyano

Bhokisi reCVT harishande, asi kana ukajairana naro, rinogara kwenguva refu. Hezvino izvo zvaunoda kuti uzive kune mutyairi ane mota inotyairwa nekutakura kwakadai

• Bhokisi harifarire kutyaira zvine hukasha. Asi, iyo "yekurega" dhizaini kana kufamba kwakayerwa nekukwirisa zvine mwero kwakamukodzera;
• Kupfuudzwa kwerudzi urwu hakumiririri revs yakakwira, saka kana mutyairi aine tsika "yekunyudza" mumugwagwa uri kure kure, zviri nani kumira pamakanika. Zvirinani zvakachipa kuzvigadzirisa.
• Pamusiyano, haufanire kutanga nekukurumidza uye tendera mavhiri ekutyaira kutsvedza;
• Iyi kufambisa haina kukodzera mota yekushandisa iyo inowanzo kutakura inorema kana kukanda tirera.

Kana mota iine cvt ikapinda mumatope ikanamira, haufanire kuedza kuzvibudira wega. Zviri nani kushandisa rubatsiro rwevasingazivi, sezvo muchiitiko ichi hazvibviri kudzivisa vhiri kutedzemuka.

Ndezvipi zvirinani: musiyano kana otomatiki muchina?

Kana iwe uchienzanisa aya maviri marudzi emabhokisi, saka iwe unofanirwa kubva wateerera kuchinhu chekuti otomatiki analogue iri pamusika zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo variator. Nechikonzero ichi, huwandu hwakaringana hwevanamakanika vatove kuziva muchina uye kuomarara kwekufambisa otomatiki. Asi nemisiyano, mamiriro acho akatonyanya - zvakanyanya kuoma kuwana nyanzvi chaiyo.

Heano mamwe mamwe mabhenefiti ekutenderera otomatiki:

• Iyo yakarongedzwa zvirinyore kupfuura cvt, uye kune yakawanda yakawanda yezvipenga zvikamu mumatengesi emotokari;
• Panyaya yekutyaira, bhokisi rinoshanda pachimiro chemakanika - magiya akajeka, asi iyo ECU ino mutoro wekuvachinjisa;
• Kushanda fluid ye otomatiki muchina wakachipa pane wekusiyanisa. Iwe unogona kutochengetedza mari nekutenga yakachipa sarudzo, nekuti kune akasiyana mafuta emota otomatiki pamusika;
• Izvo zvemagetsi zvinosarudza rakanakisa rpm kwaunogona kuchinjisa kuwedzererwa;
• Muchina unotyora zvishoma kazhinji kupfuura iyo variator, kunyanya zvine chekuita nekundikana kwemagetsi. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti iyo yuniti inodzora inongodzora chete chikamu chechina chekufambisa basa. Vanamakanika vanoita zvimwe;
• Mushini une hombe yekushandisa yakakura. Kana mutyairi achinyatso shanda iyo unit (inoshandura oiri nenzira yakakodzera uye ichidzivirira kutyaira kwehasha nguva dzose), ipapo mashandiro acho anogara dzinosvika zviuru mazana mana, uye haazodi kugadziriswa kukuru.

Nekudaro, kunyangwe paine zvakanakira, muchina une zvakare zvinokanganisa zvinoverengeka:

• Iko kugona kwekutapudza kwakadzika, nekuti yakawanda torque inoshandiswa pakusunungura iyo torque inoshandura;
• Kuchinja kwemagetsi hakuna kunyatsotsetseka - mutyairi achiri kunzwa kana mota yachinja kuita imwe giya;
• Iko kumhanyisa kwemotokari haina yakadai mhando chiratidzo senge iyo yemusiyano - imomo kumhanya kunosimudzwa zvakanaka;
• Iwo michina ine hombe yemafuta yakakura. Zvakajairika makanika zvinoda anenge matatu litita emafuta, musiyano - kusvika masere, asi otomatiki muchina - anenge 10 litita.

Kana iwe uchienzanisa zvine mutsindo, saka zvikanganiso izvi zvinopfuura kuputirwa nekutsungirira uye kuvimbika kwezvikamu zvakadaro. Nekudaro, zvese zvinoenderana nezvinotarisirwa nemuridzi pamota yake.

Saka, mota yakashongedzerwa ine variator bhokisi rakagadzirirwa runyararo kufamba kwemaguta. Nekufambisa kwakadai, mutyairi anogona kunzwa sekutyaira yacht yepasi pane mutyairi wemitambo

Mukupedzisa, maitiro ekuziva kuti iro bhokisi riri kupi:

Ungasarudza sei mota, iro bhokisi riri nani: otomatiki, CVT, robhoti, makanika

Maitiro ekutarisa variator kana uchitenga mota mumusika wechipiri

Paunenge uchitenga mota mumusika wechipiri, unofanirwa kutarisa mashandiro eese makiyi masisitimu uye magungano emotokari. Kunyanya kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune variator kana kufambisa kwakadaro kuchishandiswa mumotokari. Chikonzero ndechekuti chikwata ichi chinodhura kugadzirisa.

Hezvino izvo zvaunoda kuterera kana uchitenga mota yakadaro.

Mota mileage

Iyi parameter yakanangana nemamiriro eiyo gearbox. Zvechokwadi, vatengesi vasina kutendeseka vanoshandura nemaune mileage pane odometer, asi iyo itsva motokari, zvakanyanya kuoma kubvisa zvachose maitiro ose ekushanda uku.

MuCVTs pamotokari dzakagadzirwa kubva muna 2007 kana 2010 (zvichienderana nemuenzaniso), zvikamu zvekutonga zvega zvekufambisa zvinoiswa. Zvimwe zvikanganiso zvakanyorwa neiyo main control unit inogonawo kuratidzwa mukutumira ECU.

Oiri mamiriro

Mukuwedzera kune mileage yemotokari, mafuta ekufambisa anokuudzawo nezve mamiriro evariator. Hezvino izvo zvekufunga kana uchitarisa mafuta ekuzora paunenge uchiongorora mota:

• Chiyero chemafuta chinotariswa. Uyezve, izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa zvese pane inotonhora kutapurirana uye mushure mekudziya.
• Hunhu hwemafuta hunotariswa. Mafuta haafaniri kunge akasviba. Kana kuchinja kwemafuta kuchiri kure, uye kwatosviba, saka kana muchina wacho hausi kushandiswa nemazvo, kana mutengesi ari kunyengedza nezuva rekupedzisira rekufambisa sevhisi.
• Kuchena kwemafuta kunotariswa. Iyo haifanirwe kunge ine simbi machipisi, clots uye zvimwe zvisina kuchena. Kuti uite izvi, ingoisa madonhwe maviri emafuta pabepa rakachena. Kana pane zvidimbu zvekunze pane pepa kuwedzera kune tsvina yemafuta, izvi zvinoratidza kuti variator yakashata yakasakara.
• Mafuta anotariswa kunhuhwirira. Hazvifanirwe kunhuwa kutsva, izvo zvinoratidza kushanda kusina kunaka kwemotokari.

Gomo

Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti kutapurirana hakuna kugadzirwa, muchina unofanirwa kusimudzwa pamusoro pekusimudza kana kuendeswa mugomba, uye mabhaudhi anokwirisa anofanirwa kuongororwa kuti akakuvara kumacheto. Kana paine scuffs, machipisi kana serifs, iyo unit yakabviswa, uye mutengesi anofanira kutaura izvo zvakagadziriswa mubhokisi.

Kana mutengesi achiramba kuti kugadziriswa kwakaitwa, uye chikwata chacho chakanyatsoparadzaniswa, kutenga motokari yakadaro kunofanira kusiiwa. Kana audzwa kuti ibasa ripi rakaitwa, mutengesi anofanira kutora shoko rake nokuda kwaro.

Nhoroondo yemotokari

Rudzi urwu rwekusimbisa runogona kuitwa kana mutengesi ari iye muridzi wekutanga wemota. Kana motokari yachinja varidzi vanoverengeka, zvinenge zvisingabviri kutarisa nhoroondo yemotokari. Iwo ma parameter ane chekuita nemota yapfuura anosanganisira:

1. Kutarisa nhamba yeVIN;
2. Kana motokari yaishandiswa chete nemutengesi ane mvumo, ipapo basa rose richaratidzwa mumushumo. Panguva imwecheteyo, hazvibviri kutarisa kana kutapurirana kwakagadziriswa muzviteshi zvebasa regaraji;
3. Paunenge uchitenga mota inotengeswa kubva kunze kwenyika, unofanirwa kutarisa magwaro etsika (mileage uye mamwe mamiriro ehunyanzvi emotokari).

Cheki yakadaro ichapa rumwe ruzivo rusina kunanga nezve mamiriro evariator.

Tarisa mukufamba

Zvinosungirwa kutarisa kushanda kwevariator. Izvi zvinoitwa panguva yekuyedza dhiraivha mune dzakasiyana modhi kuti uteerere kana kuona mamiriro ekutapurirana. Cheki yakadaro ndiyo inonyanya kudzidzisa maererano nemamiriro evariator.

A serviceable transmission inopa yakatsetseka yemotokari dynamics isina jerks uye inooneka nhanho shanduko muyero yegiya. Zvikasadaro, jerks uye kuvhunduka kunoratidza kukuvadzwa kune variator drive bhandi.

CVT inzwi

Ruzha runogonawo kuona mamiriro ekutapurirana kwemotokari. Semuyenzaniso, inosevenza vhezheni nekumhanya isingaite yeinjini yekupisa kwemukati hainzwike zvachose. Paunenge uchityaira, ruzha rwebhokisi runogona kunzwika, asi nekusaita ruzha rwemuviri.

Clicks, hum, muridzo, ruzha rune hasha uye mamwe manzwi haana kujairika kune anoshanda ariator. Sezvo zvakanyanya kuomera mutyairi asina ruzivo kuti aone kusashanda kwekutapurirana nekurira, zviri nani kukoka nyanzvi kuti iongorore mota, kunyanya avo vanonzwisisa kushanda kweiyo CVT gearbox.

Vhidhiyo pamusoro wenyaya

Heano zvinhu zvishanu zvinozobatsira kuwedzera hupenyu hweiyo variator:

5 ZVINHU ZVINOGONA KUITA PACVT

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Chii chakaipisisa variator kana otomatiki muchina? Kana isu tikatanga kubva kune dynamism uye kutsvedzerera kwekumhanyisa, saka iyo variator ine zvakawanda zvakanakira pane otomatiki transmissions.

Chii chakashata nemusiyano pamotokari? Iyo vhezheni inonzwa kune kuwanda kwemota (yakakura kurema kwemota, iyo yakakura mutoro pazvikamu zvevariator), inopinza uye monotonous mitoro uye yakakwirira torque.

Sei CVT yakaipa? Bhokisi rakadaro rinotya kutsvedza kwemavhiri ekutyaira, iyo seti yekumhanyisa uye kushanda kwemota yakanyanyisa kunyanyisa nekuda kwekutsetseka kwekuchinja kwegiya reshiyo. Zvinodhura kuchengetedza.