Nzira yekushandisa sei multimeter?

Magetsi nemagetsi masayenzi akavakirwa pachiyero chakarurama chese dunhu paramita, kutsvaga kwehukama pakati pavo uye dhigirii rekuita pane mumwe nemumwe. Saka, zvakakosha kuti ugone kushandisa midziyo yekuyera yepasi rose - multimeters. Ivo vanosanganisa akareruka nyanzvi michina: ammeter, voltmeter, ohmmeter nevamwe. Nemazita akapfupikiswa, dzimwe nguva anodaidzwa kuti avometer, kunyangwe izwi rekuti "tester" rinowanzo zivikanwa kumadokero. Ngationei kuti tingashandisa sei multimeter uye ndeyei?

Zviri mukati

• 1 Chinangwa nemabasa
• 2 Multimeter mudziyo
• 3 Kuyera kwemagetsi parameters
  • 3.1 Ikozvino simba kutsunga
  • 3.2 Voltage kuyerwa
  • 3.3 Nzira yekuyera sei kuramba ne multimeter
• 4 Kutarisa zvinhu zvemagetsi emagetsi
  • 4.1 Kunzwisisa Diodes uye LEDs
  • 4.2 Kuongorora bipolar transistor
  • 4.3 Maitiro ekuyedza munda maitiro transistor ane tester
  • 4.4 Nzira yekuedza capacitor ne multimeter
• 5 Kuenderera mberi kwewaya
• 6 Maitiro ekushandisa multimeter mumotokari

Chinangwa nemabasa

Iyo multimeter yakagadzirirwa kuyera matatu makuru maparameter emagetsi edunhu: voltage, ikozvino uye kuramba. Kune iyi yakakosha seti yemabasa, modhi yekutarisa kutendeseka kwemutyairi uye hutano hwesemiconductor zvishandiso zvinowanzowedzerwa. Zvimwe zvakaoma uye zvinodhura zvishandiso zvinokwanisa kuziva capacitance ye capacitors, inductance ye coils, kuwanda kwechiratidzo, uye kunyange kutonhora kwechikamu chemagetsi pasi pekudzidza. Zvinoenderana nemusimboti wekushanda, multimeter yakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri:

1. Analog - rudzi rwechinyakare rwakavakirwa pane magnetoelectric ammeter, inowedzerwa neresitorendi uye shunts yekuyera voltage uye kuramba. Analog testers akachipa, asi anowanzo kuve asina chokwadi nekuda kweiyo yakaderera yekupinza impedance. Zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zveanalog system zvinosanganisira polarity senitivity uye chiyero chisina mutsara.
   

   Maonero akazara eiyo analogi mudziyo

2. Digital - yakanyanya kunaka uye yemazuva ano zvishandiso. Mumienzaniso yemumba yechikamu chemutengo wepakati, kukanganisa kunobvumirwa hakupfuuri 1%, kumhando dzehunyanzvi - kukanganisa kunokwanisika kuri mukati me0,1%. Iyo "moyo" yedhijitari multimeter inhengo yemagetsi ine logic chips, chiratidzo chechiratidzo, decoder uye mutyairi wekuratidzira. Ruzivo runoratidzwa pane yemvura crystal inoputika skrini.

Iko kukanganisa kweveimba digital testers hakupfuuri 1%

Zvichienderana nechinangwa uye zvakatemwa zvekushandisa, multimeter inogona kugadzirwa mune akasiyana mafomu zvinhu uye kushandisa akasiyana azvino masosi. Zvinonyanya kupararira ndezvi:

1. Inotakurika multimeters ine probes ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye mumabasa ehunyanzvi. Iwo anosanganisira huru unit yakashongedzerwa nemabhatiri kana accumulator, iyo inochinjika conductors-probes yakabatana. Kuyera imwe chiratidzo chemagetsi, probes yakabatanidzwa kune chikamu chemagetsi kana chikamu chedunhu, uye chigumisiro chinoverengwa kubva pakuratidzwa kwechigadzirwa.
   

   Inotakurika multimeters inoshandiswa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye indasitiri: zvemagetsi, otomatiki uye panguva yekutumwa

2. Clamp metres - mumudziyo wakadaro, mapedhi ekubatanidza eprobes akavharirwa pamashizha ane chitubu. Mushandisi anoaparadzira nepakati nekudzvanya kiyi yakakosha, uye ipapo anoapinza panzvimbo pachikamu checheni inoda kuyerwa. Kazhinji, clamp metres inobvumira kubatana kwekirasi inoshanduka probes.
   

   Clamp metres inobvumidza iwe kuyera magetsi ikozvino pasina kutyora dunhu

3. Stationary multimeters inofambiswa neimba inochinjisa yazvino sosi, inosiyaniswa nehupamhi hwepamusoro uye kushanda kwakafara, inogona kushanda neyakaomesesa radio-electronic zvikamu. Chiyero chikuru chekushandisa zviyero mukusimudzira, prototyping, kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa zvemagetsi zvigadzirwa.
   

   Stationary kana bhenji multimeters anonyanya kushandiswa mumarabhoritari emagetsi

4. Oscilloscopes-multimeters kana scopmeters - batanidza zviridzwa zviviri zvekuyeresa kamwechete. Anogona kunge ari maviri anotakurika uye akamira. Mutengo wemidziyo yakadaro wakakwira zvakanyanya, izvo zvinoita kuti ive chigadziriso chehunyanzvi.
   

   Scopmeters ndiyo yakanyanya hunyanzvi michina uye yakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa matambudziko mumadhiraivha emagetsi, tambo dzemagetsi uye ma transformer.

Sezvauri kuona, mabasa emultimeter anogona kusiyanisa mukati mehupamhi hwakakura uye zvinoenderana nerudzi, fomu factor, uye mutengo chikamu chechishandiso. Saka, multimeter yekushandisa pamba inofanira kupa:

• Kusarudza kuvimbika kwemuitisi;
• Tsvaga "zero" uye "phase" mudzimba dzemagetsi network;
• Kuyerwa kwealternating current voltage mumusha wemagetsi network;
• Kuyera kwevoltage yepasi-simba DC masosi (mabhatiri, accumulators);
• Kutsunga kwezviratidzo zvakakosha zvehutano hwezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi - simba rezvino, kuramba.

Kushandiswa kwemba kwemultimeter kunowanzo kudzika kune waya dzekuyedza, kutarisa hutano hwemarambi eincandescent, uye kuona yakasara voltage mumabhatiri.

Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, multimeters inoshandiswa kuedza waya, kutarisa mabhatiri uye magetsi emagetsi.

Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinodiwa zvemhando dzehunyanzvi zvakanyanya kuomarara. Izvo zvakatemerwa zvakasiyana kune imwe neimwe nyaya. Pakati pezvinhu zvikuru zvevaongorori vepamberi, zvakakosha kucherechedza:

• Kugona kwekuyedzwa kwakazara kwema diode, transistors uye zvimwe semiconductor zvishandiso;
• Kutsunga kwe capacitance uye kupikisa kwemukati kwe capacitors;
• Kusarudza kukwanisa kwemabhatiri;
• Kuyera kwemaitiro chaiwo - inductance, frequency frequency, tembiricha;
• Kukwanisa kushanda nepamusoro-soro uye ikozvino;
• High kuyerwa kwakarurama;
• Kuvimbika uye kusimba kwechigadzirwa.

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti multimeter inyanzvi yemagetsi yakaoma, iyo inofanirwa kubatwa zvakanaka uye nekuchenjerera.

Multimeter mudziyo

Mazhinji emazuva ano multimeter akashongedzerwa ane yakadzama mirairo inotsanangura kutevedzana kwezviito zvekushanda nemudziyo. Kana iwe uine gwaro rakadaro - usazviregeredza, ziva nezve ese nuances eiyo mudziyo modhi. Tichataura pamusoro pezvinhu zvikuru zvekushandisa chero multimeter.

Standard switch inosanganisira: kuramba, ikozvino uye voltage kuyerwa, uye kuenderera bvunzo

Kuti usarudze nzira yekushanda, shanduko inoshandiswa, kazhinji inosanganiswa neshanduko ("Kudzima" nzvimbo). Zvemidziyo yemumba, zvinokutendera kuti uise iyo inotevera mipimo yekuyera:

• DC voltage: 0,2V; 2 V; 20 V; 200 V; 1000 V;
• AC voltage: 0,2V; 2 V; 20 V; 200 V; 750 V;
• DC ikozvino: 200A; 2 mA; 20 mA; 200 mA; 2 A (kusarudza); 10 A (nzvimbo yakasiyana);
• Alternating ikozvino (iyi modhi haiwaniki mune ese multimeters): 200 μA; 2 mA; 20 mA; 200 mA;
• Kupokana: 20 ohm; 200 ohm; 2 kOhm; 20 kOhm; 200 kOhm; 2 MΩ; 20 kana 200 MΩ (kusarudza).

Chigadziro chakasiyana chinoshanda kuyedza mashandiro edhiodhi uye kuona kuvimbika kwemutyairi. Mukuwedzera, kune socket yekuedza transistors kudivi reiyo hard switch.

General switch dhizaini yebhajeti multimeter 

Kushandisa mudziyo kunotanga nekuisa switch kune yaunoda chinzvimbo. Zvadaro probes akabatanidzwa. Kune maviri akajairika zvinyoreso zvinzvimbo: yakatwasuka uye yakachinjika.

Iyo yekubatanidza yakanyorwa nechiratidzo chepasi uye chinyorwa COM chisina kunaka kana chakadzika - waya nhema yakabatana nayo; iyo yekubatanidza, yakasarudzwa seVΩmA, yakagadzirirwa kuyera kuramba, voltage, uye ikozvino, isingapfuuri 500 mA; chibatanidza chakanyorwa kuti 10 A chakagadzirirwa kuyera ikozvino muhuwandu kubva pa500 mA kusvika kune yakakosha kukosha.

Nekurongeka kwakamira, senge pamufananidzo uri pamusoro, maprobes akabatana seizvi:

• Muchibatanidza chepamusoro - "positive" probe muhutano hwekuyera simba razvino (kusvika ku10 A);
• Pakati pekubatanidza - "positive" probe mune dzimwe nzira dzose;
• Muchikamu chezasi - "negative" probe.

Muchiitiko ichi, simba razvino kana uchishandisa socket yechipiri haifaniri kudarika 200 mA

Kana zvibatanidza zviri zvakadzikama, nyatsotevera zviratidzo zvakadhindwa pane multimeter kesi. Kumudziyo unoratidzwa mumufananidzo, maprobes akabatanidzwa sezvinotevera:

• Muchikamu chekuruboshwe - iyo "positive" probe mune yakakwirira ikozvino yekuyera maitiro (kusvika ku10 A);
• Muchikamu chechipiri kuruboshwe - "positive" probe muyero yekuyera maitiro (kusvika ku1 A);
• Yechitatu yekubatanidza kuruboshwe ndiyo "positive" probe mune mamwe maitiro ese;
• Muchibatanidza nechokurudyi ndicho "negative" probe.

Chinhu chikuru pano kudzidza kuverenga zviratidzo uye kuzvitevera. Rangarira kuti kana iyo polarity isingaonekwe kana kuyerwa kwemaitiro kusarudzwa zvisiri izvo, haugone kungowana mhedzisiro isiriyo, asi zvakare kukuvadza iyo tester yemagetsi.

Kuyera kwemagetsi parameters

Pane algorithm yakasiyana yemhando yega yega yekuyera. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti ungashandisa sei tester, ndiko kuti, kunzwisisa munzvimbo ipi yekuisa shanduko, kune zvigadziko zvekubatanidza probes, nzira yekuvhura chigadziro mumagetsi emagetsi.

Tester yekubatanidza dhizaini yekuyera ikozvino, voltage uye kuramba

Ikozvino simba kutsunga

Kukosha hakugoni kuyerwa pachitubu, sezvo chiri chimiro chechikamu chedunhu kana mumwe mutengi wemagetsi. Naizvozvo, iyo multimeter yakabatana munhevedzano mudunhu. Zvichireva kutaura, mudziyo wekuyera unotsiva chikamu chekondukita mune yakavharwa sosi-yevatengi system.

Pakuyera ikozvino, iyo multimeter inofanira kubatanidzwa munhevedzano munharaunda

Kubva kumutemo weOhm, tinoyeuka kuti simba razvino rinogona kuwanikwa nekuparadzanisa magetsi emagetsi nekupikisa kwevatengi. Nokudaro, kana nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero iwe haugoni kuyera imwe parameter, saka inogona kuverengwa nyore nyore nekuziva mamwe maviri.

Voltage kuyerwa

Voltage inoyerwa kungave kune kwazvino kunobva kana kune mutengi. Muchiitiko chekutanga, zvakakwana kubatanidza probe yakanaka ye multimeter kune "plus" yemagetsi ("phase"), uye probe yakaipa kune "minus" ("zero"). Iyo multimeter ichatora basa remutengi uye kuratidza iyo chaiyo voltage.

Kuti tisakanganise iyo polarity, tinobatanidza iyo dema probe kune COM jack uye minuses yeiyo sosi, uye iyo tsvuku probe kune VΩmA yekubatanidza uye pamwe.

Muchiitiko chechipiri, dunhu harina kuvhurwa, uye chigadziro chakabatanidzwa kune mutengi zvakafanana. Kune analog multimeters, zvakakosha kuti utarise polarity, dhijitari kana kukanganisa kunongoratidza yakashata voltage (semuenzaniso, -1,5 V). Uye, hongu, usakanganwa kuti voltage ndicho chigadzirwa chekupikisa uye ikozvino.

Nzira yekuyera sei kuramba ne multimeter

Kuramba kwe conductor, sink kana electronic component kunoyerwa nekudzimwa kwemagetsi. Zvikasadaro, kune njodzi yakakura yekukuvadza kune mudziyo, uye kuyerwa kwemhedzisiro kuchave kusina kunaka.

Kana kukosha kwekupikiswa kwakayerwa kuchizivikanwa, ipapo muganho wekuyera unosarudzwa wakakura kupfuura kukosha, asi padyo nepaunokwanisa kwairi.

Kuti uone kukosha kweparameter, ingobatanidza maprobes kune akatarisana mabiko echinhu - polarity haina basa. Teerera kune huwandu hwakawanda hwemayuniti ekuyera - ohms, kiloohms, megaohms anoshandiswa. Kana iwe ukaisa shanduko ku "2 MΩ" modhi uye edza kuyera 10-ohm resistor, "0" icharatidzwa pachiyero chemultimeter. Tinokuyeuchidza kuti kuramba kunogona kuwanikwa nekuparadzanisa voltage nezvino.

Kutarisa zvinhu zvemagetsi emagetsi

Chero chipi zvacho chinowedzera kana chakaderera chemagetsi chinosanganisira seti yezvikamu, izvo zvinowanzoiswa pabhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa. Kuparara kwakawanda kunokonzerwa chaizvo nekukundikana kwezvikamu izvi, semuenzaniso, kuparadzwa kwekushisa kwevanopikisa, "kuparara" kwezvikamu zve semiconductor, kuomeswa kwe electrolyte mu capacitors. Muchiitiko ichi, kugadzirisa kunoderedzwa pakutsvaga kukanganisa uye kutsiva chikamu. Apa ndipo panouya iyo multimeter inobatsira.

Kunzwisisa Diodes uye LEDs

Diodes uye maLED ndeimwe yezvakareruka redhiyo zvinhu zvakavakirwa pane semiconductor junction. Kusiyana kunovaka pakati pavo kunokonzerwa chete nokuti semiconductor crystal ye LED inokwanisa kubudisa chiedza. Muviri we LED wakajeka kana kupenya, wakagadzirwa nemusanganiswa usina ruvara kana ruvara. Madhiodhi akajairika akavharirwa mumatare esimbi, epurasitiki kana egirazi, kazhinji akapendwa nependi isina kujeka.

Semiconductor zvishandiso zvinosanganisira varicaps, diodes, zener diodes, thyristors, transistors, thermistors uye Hall sensors.

Chimiro chechimiro chechero diode kugona kupfuudza ikozvino mune imwe nzira. Iyo yakanaka electrode yechikamu inonzi anode, iyo isina kunaka inonzi cathode. Kusarudza polarity ye LED inotungamira iri nyore - gumbo re anode rakareba, uye mukati rakakura kupfuura iro re cathode. Iyo polarity yeyakajairika diode ichafanirwa kutsvaga paWebhu. Mumadhiyamu edunhu, anode inoratidzwa nekatatu, iyo cathode netambo.

Mufananidzo wedhidhiyo padhiyagiramu yedunhu

Kuti utarise diode kana LED ine multimeter, zvakakwana kuseta shanduko kune "kuenderera" modhi, batanidza anode yechinhu kune yakanaka probe yechigadzirwa, uye cathode kune iyo yakaipa. Ikozvino ichayerera kuburikidza ne diode, iyo icharatidzwa pakuratidzwa kwe multimeter. Ipapo iwe unofanirwa kushandura polarity uye uve nechokwadi chekuti ikozvino haiyerere kune yakatarisana, ndiko kuti, iyo diode haina "kuputsika".

Kuongorora bipolar transistor

A bipolar transistor inowanzomiririrwa semadhiodhi maviri akabatana. Iine zvinhu zvitatu zvinobuda: emitter (E), muunganidzi (K) uye base (B). Zvichienderana nerudzi rwekufambisa pakati pavo, pane transistors ane "pnp" uye "npn" chimiro. Zvechokwadi, unofanira kuvatarisa nenzira dzakasiyana.

Mufananidzo we emitter, base uye vaunganidzi matunhu pane bipolar transistors

Iyo inoteedzana yekutarisa transistor ine npn chimiro:

1. Iyo yakanaka probe ye multimeter yakabatana kune hwaro hwe transistor, shanduko inoiswa ku "ringing" mode.
2. Iyo yakaipa probe inobata emitter uye muunganidzi munhevedzano - mune ese ari maviri, mudziyo unofanirwa kurekodha ndima yezvino.
3. Iyo yakanaka probe yakabatana kune muunganidzi, uye iyo yakaipa probe kune emitter. Kana iyo transistor yakanaka, kuratidzwa kweiyo multimeter kucharamba kuri imwe, kana zvisiri, iyo nhamba ichachinja uye / kana beep icharira.

Transistors ine pnp chimiro inotariswa nenzira yakafanana:

1. Iyo isina kunaka probe ye multimeter yakabatana kune hwaro hwe transistor, shanduko inoiswa ku "ringing" mode.
2. Iyo yakanaka probe inobata emitter uye muunganidzi munhevedzano - mune ese ari maviri, mudziyo unofanirwa kurekodha ndima yezvino.
3. Iyo isina kunaka probe yakabatana kune muunganidzi, uye iyo yakanaka probe kune emitter. Dzora kusavapo kwezvino mudunhu iri.

Basa racho richarerutswa zvakanyanya kana iyo multimeter ine probe ye transistors. Chokwadi, zvinofanirwa kurangarirwa kuti ma transistors ane simba haagone kutariswa muprobe - mhedziso yavo haingokwane mumasokisi.

Kuti uedze bipolar transistors pamamultimeters, probe inowanzopihwa

Iyo probe yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri, chimwe nechimwe chinoshanda nema transistors echimwe chimiro. Isa transistor muchikamu chaunoda, uchicherechedza polarity (chigadziko - muchigadziko "B", emitter - "E", muunganidzi - "C"). Seta switch kune chinzvimbo hFE - kuwana kuyerwa. Kana iyo unit ikaramba iri pachiratidziro, iyo transistor inotadza. Kana nhamba yacho ichichinja, chikamu chacho chakajairika, uye kuwana kwayo kunopindirana nemutengo wakatarwa.

Maitiro ekuyedza munda maitiro transistor ane tester

Munda-effect transistors yakanyanya kuoma kupfuura bipolar transistors, sezvo mavari chiratidzo chinodzorwa nemunda wemagetsi. Ma transistors akadaro akakamurwa kuita n-channel uye p-channel, uye mhedziso yavo yakagamuchira mazita anotevera:

• Jeri (Z) – magedhi (G);
• Mabvazuva (I) – tsime (S);
• Dhonza (C) - dhonza (D).

Iwe haugone kushandisa probe yakavakirwa mumultimeter kuyedza iyo munda-effect transistor. Tichafanira kushandisa nzira yakaoma kunzwisisa.

Muenzaniso wekutarisa mabatirwo emunda-effect transistor ane tester

Ngatitangei ne-n-channel transistor. Chekutanga pane zvese, vanobvisa static magetsi kubva pairi nekubata-bata materminals neyakagadziriswa resistor. Ipapo iyo multimeter inoiswa kune "inorira" modhi uye inotevera kutevedzana kwezviito kunoitwa:

1. Batanidza probe yakanaka kune chitubu, iyo isina kunaka probe kune yekudonha. Kune akawanda emumunda-effect transistors, voltage pajoni iyi ndeye 0,5-0,7 V.
2. Batanidza probe yakanaka kune gedhi, iyo isina kunaka probe kune yekudonha. Mumwe anofanira kuramba ari pachiratidziro.
3. Dzokorora matanho anoratidzwa mundima 1. Unofanira kugadzirisa kuchinja kwemagetsi (zvinokwanisika kune zvose kudonha uye kuwedzera).
4. Batanidza probe yakanaka kune tsime, iyo yakaipa probe kune gedhi. Mumwe anofanira kuramba ari pachiratidziro.
5. Dzokorora matanho ari mundima 1. Mhepo inofanira kudzokera kune yayo yepakutanga kukosha (0,5-0,7 V).

Chero kutsauka kubva kune yakajairwa kukosha kunoratidza kusashanda kwemunda mhedzisiro transistor. Zvikamu zvine p-channel shanduko inotariswa mukutevedzana kwakafanana, ichichinja polarity kune yakapesana mudanho rega rega.

Nzira yekuedza capacitor ne multimeter

Chekutanga pane zvese, iwe unofanirwa kuona kuti ndeipi capacitor yauchayedza - polar kana isiri-polar. Ese electrolytic uye mamwe akasimba-state capacitors ari polar, uye asiri-polar, sekutonga, firimu kana ceramic, ane kakawanda kushomeka capacitance (nano- uye picofarads).

A capacitor i-two-terminal device ine nguva dzose kana yakasiyana-siyana yakakosha ye capacitance uye yakaderera conductivity, uye inoshandiswa kuunganidza mari yemunda wemagetsi.

Kana iyo capacitor yatove yakashandiswa (somuenzaniso, inotengeswa kubva kune imwe yemagetsi), saka inofanira kubudiswa. Usabatanidza vanobatika zvakananga newaya kana screwdriver - izvi zvinozotungamira pakuputsika kwechikamu, uye pakaipisisa - kune magetsi kuvhunduka. Shandisa incandescent mwenje girobhu kana yakasimba resistor.

Capacitor bvunzo inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri - iyo chaiyo yekuita bvunzo uye capacitance kuyerwa. Chero multimeter inosangana nebasa rekutanga, chete nyanzvi uye "yepamusoro" mhando dzemhuri dzichasangana neyechipiri.

Iyo yakakura kukosha kweiyo capacitor, iyo inononoka kukosha pachiratidziro ichichinja.

Kuti utarise hutano hwechikamu, isa multimeter switch kune "ringing" mode uye batanidza probes kune capacitor contacts (kucherechedza polarity kana zvichidiwa). Iwe uchaona nhamba pachiratidziro, iyo ichabva yatanga kukura - iyi ndiyo multimeter bhatiri inochaja iyo capacitor.

Kuti utarise capacitance ye capacitor, probe inokosha inoshandiswa.

Izvo hazvinawo kuoma kuyera capacitance ne "advanced" multimeter. Nyatsoongorora iyo capacitor kesi uye tsvaga iyo capacitance zita mune micro-, nano-, kana picofarads. Kana panzvimbo yemayuniti ehukuru kodhi ine manhamba matatu inoiswa (semuenzaniso, 222, 103, 154), shandisa yakakosha tafura kuidudzira. Mushure mekuona iyo nominal capacitance, isa chinja kune yakakodzera chinzvimbo uye isa iyo capacitor mukati meiyo slots pane multimeter kesi. Tarisa kana iyo chaiyo chiyero ichienderana neinominaya simba.

Kuenderera mberi kwewaya

Pasinei nezvose zvakawanda zve multimeters, kushandiswa kwavo kukuru kweimba ndiko kuenderera kwewaya, ndiko kuti, kutsunga kwekuvimbika kwavo. Zvingaita sekuti zvinogona kuve nyore - ndakabatanidza magumo maviri etambo nemaprobes mu "tweeter" modhi, uye ndizvozvo. Asi nzira iyi inongoratidza kuvapo kwekusangana, asi kwete mamiriro emuitisi. Kana paine kubvarura mukati, izvo zvinotungamira mukupenya uye kupisa pasi pemutoro, ipapo piezo element ye multimeter icharamba ichiita ruzha. Zviri nani kushandisa yakavakirwa-mukati ohmmeter.

Chiratidzo chinonzwika, neimwe nzira inodaidzwa se "buzzer", inomhanyisa zvakanyanya kufona

Seta iyo multimeter switch kune iyo "one ohm" chinzvimbo uye batanidza maprobe kune akasiyana magumo ekondakita. Kuramba kwakajairwa kwewaya yakasungirirwa kureba kwemamita akati wandei ndeye 2-5 ohms. Kuwedzera kwekupokana kune 10-20 ohms kunoratidza kusakwana kweiyo conductor, uye kukosha kwe20-100 ohms kunoratidza kwakakomba kutsemuka kwewaya.

Dzimwe nguva kana uchitarisa tambo yakaiswa mumadziro, kushandisa multimeter kwakaoma. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa vasiri-contact testers, asi mutengo wemidziyo iyi wakanyanya kukwirira.

Maitiro ekushandisa multimeter mumotokari

Midziyo yemagetsi ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzakanyanya kutambudzika dzemotokari, iyo inonyanya kunzwisiswa nemamiriro ekushanda, kuongororwa nenguva uye kugadzirisa. Nokudaro, iyo multimeter inofanira kuva chikamu chinokosha chekiti chekushandisa - ichabatsira kuziva kusashanda, kuziva zvikonzero zvekuitika kwayo uye nzira dzekugadzirisa.

Multimeter chinhu chakakosha chekuongorora magetsi emotokari.

Kune vatyairi vane ruzivo, akasarudzika mota multimeter anogadzirwa, asi kazhinji modhi yemumba inokwana. Pakati pemabasa makuru aanofanira kugadzirisa:

• Kuongorora mhepo pabhatiri, iyo inonyanya kukosha mushure menguva yakareba isina basa yemotokari kana kana pane zvisiri izvo kushanda kwejenereta;
• Kutsunga kweiyo leakage ikozvino, tsvaga mapfupi maseketi;
• Kuongorora kutendeseka kwemhepo yekudzima coil, starter, jenareta;
• Kutarisa diode bhiriji rejenareta, zvikamu zvemagetsi ekudzimisa system;
• Kuongorora hutano hwema sensors uye probes;
• Kusarudza kuvimbika kwemafusi;
• Kutarisa mwenje we incandescent, shandura switch uye mabhatani.

Dambudziko rinosangana nevatyairi vakawanda nderokubuda kwebhatiri remultimeter panguva isina kufanira. Kuti udzivise izvi, ingodzima mudziyo nekukurumidza mushure mekushandisa uye utakure bhatiri rakasara newe.

Multimeter chishandiso chiri nyore uye chinogoneka, chakakosha muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye mumabasa ehunyanzvi evanhu. Kunyangwe nedanho rekutanga reruzivo uye hunyanzvi, rinogona kurerutsa kuongororwa uye kugadziriswa kwemidziyo yemagetsi. Mumaoko ane hunyanzvi, muongorori achabatsira kugadzirisa mabasa akaomarara - kubva pachiratidzo che frequency control kusvika kune yakabatanidzwa yedunhu kuyedzwa.

Hurukuro dzakavharirwa peji rino