Maitiro ekutarisa iyo ABS sensor yekuita

Kuvapo kweABS mumotokari dzimwe nguva kunowedzera kuchengetedzwa kwemigwagwa. Zvishoma nezvishoma, nhengo dzemotokari dzinosakara uye dzinogona kusashanda. Kuziva maitiro ekutarisa iyo ABS sensor, mutyairi anogona kuona uye kugadzirisa dambudziko munguva pasina kushandisa masevhisi echitoro chekugadzirisa mota.

Zviri mukati

• 1 Iyo ABS inoshanda sei mumotokari
• 2 ABS mudziyo
• 3 Basic views
  • 3.1 Passive
  • 3.2 magnetoresistive
  • 3.3 Kubva paHoro element
• 4 Zvikonzero uye zviratidzo zvemalfunctions
• 5 Maitiro ekutarisa iyo ABS sensor
  • 5.1 Tester (multimeter)
  • 5.2 Oscilloscope
  • 5.3 Pasina midziyo
• 6 Kugadzirisa sensor
  • 6.1 Vhidhiyo: maitiro ekugadzirisa iyo ABS sensor
• 7 Kugadziridza wiring

Iyo ABS inoshanda sei mumotokari

Anti-lock braking system (ABS, Chirungu Anti-lock braking system) yakagadzirirwa kudzivirira kuvharika kwemavhiri emotokari.

Basa rekutanga re ABS ndere kuchengetedza kudzora pamusoro muchina, kugadzikana kwayo uye controllability panguva isingatarisirwi braking. Izvi zvinobvumira mutyairi kuti aite inopinza, iyo inowedzera zvakanyanya kuchengetedzwa kwemotokari.

Sezvo coefficient of friction yakaderedzwa maererano necoefficient yekuzorora, motokari ichavhara chinhambwe chikuru kana ichibvongodza pamavhiri akakiiwa pane pamavhiri anotenderera. Mukuwedzera, kana mavhiri akavharwa, motokari inotakura skid, ichitadzisa mutyairi mukana wekuita chero nzira.

Iyo ABS system haisi nguva dzose inoshanda. Pamusoro pevhu risina kugadzikana (ivhu rakasununguka, marara, chando kana jecha), mavhiri asingagadziriswi anoumba chipingamupinyi kubva kumusoro pamberi pavo, achiputsika mukati maro. Izvi zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kureba kwebhureki. Mota ine matai akaiswa paaizi kana ABS ikabatidzwa inofamba chinhambwe chikuru pane nemavhiri akakiiwa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti kutenderera kunodzivirira spikes, kuwira muchando, kuderedza kufamba kwemotokari. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, motokari inoramba iine controllability uye kugadzikana, iyo mumatambudziko akawanda inonyanya kukosha.

Wheel speed sensors akaiswa pamahubs

Iyo midziyo yakaiswa pamotokari yega yega inobvumira basa rekudzima iyo ABS.

Zvinonakidza! Vatyairi vane ruzivo pamotokari dzisina kugadzirirwa anti-lock mudziyo, kana zvisingatarisirwi mabhureki pane chikamu chakaoma chemugwagwa (wet asphalt, ice, snow slurry), ita pane brake pedal jerkily. Nenzira iyi, ivo vanodzivirira kuvharika kwevhiri uye kudzivirira mota kubva kusvetuka.

ABS mudziyo

Iyo anti-lock mudziyo ine akati wandei node:

• Speed ​​​​mamita (kumhanyisa, kuderedza);
• Dzora magineti dampers, ayo ari chikamu chekumanikidza modulator uye iri mumutsara weiyo braking system;
• Electronic monitoring uye control system.

Iwo mapurusi kubva kuma sensor anotumirwa kune control unit. Muchiitiko chekuderera kusingatarisirwi mukukurumidza kana kumira kwakakwana (kuvhara) kwevhiri ripi neripi, chikwata chinotumira murairo kune damper inoda, iyo inoderedza kudzvinyirira kwemvura inopinda mu caliper. Saka, mabhureki mapedhi haana simba, uye gumbo rinotangazve kufamba. Kana vhiri rekumhanya rakaenzana nemamwe ose, vharuvhu inovhara uye kudzvanywa muhurongwa hwese kunoenzana.

General maonero eABS system mumotokari

Pamotokari nyowani, anti-lock braking system inokonzereswa kusvika ka20 pasekondi.

Iyo ABS yemamwe mota inosanganisira pombi, iyo basa iri kukurumidza kuwedzera kudzvanywa muchikamu chinodiwa chemugwagwa mukuru kune zvakajairika.

Zvinonakidza! Chiito che anti-lock braking system chinonzwikwa nereverse shocks (kurova) pane brake pedal ine simba rakasimba pairi.

Nehuwandu hwevhavha uye sensors, mudziyo wakakamurwa kuita:

• Single channel. Iyo sensor iri padyo nemusiyano pane yekumashure axle. Kana kunyange gumbo rimwe chete rikamira, vheji inoderedza kudzvinyirira pamutsetse wose. Inowanikwa pamotokari dzakura chete.
• Dual channel. Masensa maviri ari kumberi uye kumashure mavhiri diagonally. Ivhavha imwe yakabatana nemutsara webhiriji rega rega. Haisi kushandiswa mumotokari dzakagadzirwa maererano nemaitiro emazuva ano.
• Three-chiteshi. Speed ​​​​mamita ari pamavhiri epamberi uye kumashure axle musiyano. Imwe neimwe ine vharuvhu yakasiyana. Inoshandiswa mubhajeti rear-wheel drive modhi.
• Four-channel. Gumbo rega rega rine sensor uye kumhanya kwayo kutenderera kunodzorwa nevharuvhu yakasiyana. Yakaiswa pamotokari dzemazuva ano.

Basic views

ABS sensor ineinoverengwa nechikamu chikuru chekuyera che anti-lock braking system.

Chigadzirwa chacho chine:

• Meta yakaiswa zvachose pedyo nevhiri;
• Induction mhete (inotenderera chiratidzo, impulse rotor) yakaiswa pavhiri (hub, hub inotakura, CV joint).

Sensors anowanikwa mushanduro mbiri:

• Yakatwasuka (kuguma) cylindrical chimiro (tsvimbo) ine impulse element kune imwe mugumo uye chinongedzo kune imwe;
• Angled nechibatanidza padivi uye simbi kana plastiki bracket ine gomba rekusimudzira bhaudhi.

Kune marudzi maviri emasensa anowanikwa:

• Passive - inductive;
• Inoshanda - magnetoresistive uye yakavakirwa pane Horo chinhu.

ABS inokutendera iwe kuti uchengetedze controllability uye zvakanyanya kuwedzera kugadzikana panguva yekukurumidzira braking

Passive

Ivo vanosiyaniswa neyakapusa sisitimu yebasa, nepo ivo vakavimbika uye vane hupenyu hurefu hwebasa. Hazvidi kubatanidzwa kune simba. An inductive sensor ndeye induction coil yakagadzirwa newaya yemhangura, pakati payo paine magineti yakamira ine simbi yesimbi.

Iyo mita inowanikwa nepakati yayo kune iyo impulse rotor muchimiro chevhiri rine mazino. Pane imwe gap pakati pavo. Mazino e rotor ane rectangular muchimiro. Mukaha pakati pavo wakaenzana kana zvishoma kudarika upamhi hwezino.

Kunyange zvazvo kutakura kuri kufamba, sezvo mazino e rotor anopfuura pedyo nechepakati, magnetic field inopinda kuburikidza necoil inogara ichichinja, ichigadzira alternating current mu coil. Iyo frequency uye amplitude yezvino zvinoenderana zvakananga nekumhanya kwevhiri. Kubva pakugadziriswa kweiyi data, iyo control unit inopa murairo kune solenoid valves.

Izvo zvakaipira zve passive sensors ndezvi:

• Zviyero zvakakura;
• Kushaya simba kwezviratidzo;
• Vanotanga kushanda kana motokari ichimhanya kupfuura 5 km / h;
• Vanoshanda nekutenderera kudiki kwevhiri.

Nekuda kwekukanganisa kazhinji pamotokari dzemazuva ano, hadzina kunyanya kuisirwa.

magnetoresistive

Iro basa rakavakirwa pachivakwa cheferromagnetic zvinhu zvekushandura magetsi kuramba kana yaiswa kune inogara ichiita magineti. 

Chikamu che sensor chinodzora shanduko chinogadzirwa nezvikamu zviviri kana zvina zvesimbi-nickel mahwendefa ane maconductor akaiswa paari. Chikamu chechinhu chakaiswa mune yakabatanidzwa dunhu inoverenga shanduko mukupikisa uye inoumba chiratidzo chekutonga.

Iyo impulse rotor, inova mhete yepurasitiki ine magineti munzvimbo, inonamirwa zvakasimba kune vhiri hub. Panguva yekushanda, zvikamu zvemagineti zve rotor zvinoshandura svikiro mumahwendefa echinhu chinotyisa, chinogadziriswa nedunhu. Pakubuda kwayo, pulse digital signals inogadzirwa iyo inopinda control unit.

Rudzi urwu rwechigadzirwa chinodzora kumhanya, mafambiro ekutenderera kwemavhiri uye nguva yekumira kwavo kwakazara.

Magneto-resistive sensors anoona shanduko mukutenderera kwemavhiri emota nekurongeka kukuru, zvichiwedzera kushanda kwemaitiro ekuchengetedza.

Kubva paHoro element

Iyi mhando yeABS sensor inoshanda zvichienderana neHoro maitiro. Mune kondakita yakatsetseka yakaiswa mune remagineti, inochinjika inogona mutsauko inoumbwa.

Horo mhedzisiro - kutaridzika kweinochinjika inogona mutsauko kana conductor ane yakananga ikozvino akaiswa mune remagineti

Uyu kondakita isimbi yakaenzana-yakaita simbi ndiro yakaiswa mune microcircuit, iyo inosanganisira Hall yakabatanidzwa dunhu uye control electronic system. Iyo sensor iri kune yakatarisana neiyo impulse rotor uye ine chimiro chevhiri resimbi rine mazino kana mhete yepurasitiki munzvimbo dzine magineti, dzakasimba dzakasimba kune vhiri hub.

Dunhu reHoro rinoramba richigadzira kuputika kwechiratidzo cheimwe frequency. Pakuzorora, kuwanda kwechiratidzo kunoderedzwa kusvika padiki kana kumira zvachose. Munguva yekufamba, nzvimbo dzine magineti kana mazino e rotor achipfuura nechinhu chekunzwa anokonzera shanduko yazvino mu sensor, inogadziriswa nedunhu rekutevera. Kubva pane data yakagamuchirwa, chiratidzo chinobuda chinogadzirwa chinopinda muchikwata chekutonga.

Sensors yerudzi urwu inoyera kukurumidza kubva pakutanga kwekufamba kwemuchina, ivo vanosiyaniswa nekururama kwezviyero uye kuvimbika kwemabasa.

Zvikonzero uye zviratidzo zvemalfunctions

Mumotokari dzechizvarwa chitsva, kana kupisa kwave kuchibatidzwa, otomatiki yekuzviongorora ye-anti-lock braking system inoitika, panguva iyo kushanda kwezvinhu zvayo zvese kunoongororwa.

Zviratidzo zve	Zvimwe zvinokonzera
Kuzviongorora kunoratidza kukanganisa. ABS yakaremara.	Kushanda kusina kururama kwechikwata chekutonga. Kupwanya muwaya kubva kune sensor kusvika kune control unit.
Diagnostics haiwani zvikanganiso. ABS yakaremara.	Kutyora kwekuvimbika kweiyo wiring kubva kune control unit kusvika kune sensor (break, short circuit, oxidation).
Kuzviongorora pachako kunopa kukanganisa. ABS inoshanda pasina kudzima.	Kupwanya muwaya yeimwe yemasensa.
ABS haibatike.	Kupwanya mumagetsi emagetsi emagetsi ekugadzirisa unit. Chips uye kuputsika kwemhete ye impulse. Yakawanda yekutamba pane yakasakara hub bearing.

Pamusoro pekuratidzwa kwechiedza padashboard, pane zvinotevera zviratidzo zvekusashanda kweiyo ABS system:

• Kana uchidzvanya brake pedal, hapana reverse kugogodza uye vibration yepedal;
• Munguva yekukurumidzira braking, mavhiri ose akavharwa;
• The speedometer tsono inoratidza sipidhi iri pasi peiyo chaiyo kumhanya kana kuti haifambi zvachose;
• Kana mageji anopfuura maviri akatadza, chiratidzo chekumisa mabhureki chinovhenekera pane chiridzwa.

Muchiitiko chekusashanda kweanti-lock braking system, rambi renyevero rinovheneka pane dashboard.

Zvikonzero zvekusashanda zvakanaka kweABS zvinogona kuva:

• Kukundikana kweimwe kana kupfuura ma sensors ekumhanya;
• Kukuvadza kune wiring ye sensors, iyo inosanganisira kusagadzikana kwechiratidzo chekufambisa kune module control;
• Kudonha kwevoltage pamabhatiri terminals pazasi 10,5 V kunotungamira kuvharika kweiyo ABS system.

Maitiro ekutarisa iyo ABS sensor

Iwe unogona kutarisa hutano hweiyo yekumhanyisa sensor nekufonera nyanzvi yebasa remota, kana wega:

• Pasina michina yakakosha;
• Multimeter;
• An oscilloscope.

Tester (multimeter)

Kuwedzera kune yekuyeresa mudziyo, iwe unozoda tsananguro yekushanda kweiyo modhi. Kutevedzana kwebasa rakaitwa:

1. Iyo motokari inosungirirwa papuratifomu ine nzvimbo yakatsetseka, yakafanana, kugadzirisa nzvimbo yayo.
2. Gumbo rinobviswa kuti riwane mahara kune sensor.
3. Iyo plug inoshandiswa pakubatanidza inobviswa kubva kune yakajairika wiring uye inocheneswa tsvina. Mavhiri mavhiri ekumashure anowanikwa kumashure kwepasembi. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekusvika pavari, unofanirwa kubvisa cushion yekumashure uye kufambisa kapeti ine mameti ekudzivirira inzwi.
4. Ita chitarisiko chekutarisa kwetambo dzekubatanidza nekuda kwekushayikwa kweabrasions, kuputsika uye kutyorwa kwekudzivirira.
5. Iyo multimeter yakaiswa kune ohmmeter mode.
6. Iwo ma sensor anobatika akabatanidzwa kune probes yechishandiso uye kuramba kunoyerwa. Chiyero chezviratidzo chinogona kuwanikwa mumirayiridzo. Kana pasina bhuku rekutaura, saka kuverenga kubva ku0,5 kusvika ku2 kOhm kunotorwa sechinyakare.
7. Iyo wiring harness inofanirwa kuve nerin'i kuitira kuti isabatanidze mukana weiyo pfupi dunhu.
8. Kuti uone kuti sensor iri kushanda, puruzira vhiri uye utarise iyo data kubva pachigadzirwa. Iko kuramba kuverenga kunoshanduka sezvo kumhanya kwekutenderera kunowedzera kana kuderera.
9. Chinja chiridzwa kuita voltmeter mode.
10. Apo gumbo rinofamba nekukurumidza kwe1 rpm, mhepo inofanira kuva 0,25-0,5 V. Sezvo kukurumidza kutenderera kunowedzera, mhepo inofanira kuwedzera.
11. Kucherechedza matanho, tarisa ma sensor asara.

Zvakakosha! Dhizaini uye kuramba kukosha kwema sensors kumberi uye kumashure maaxles akasiyana.

Kupokana kubva 0,5 kusvika 2 kOhm paABS sensor terminals inoonekwa seyakanyanya

Zvinoenderana neakayerwa kupikisa zviratidzo, kuita kwema sensors kunotemerwa:

1. Chiratidzo chinoderedzwa kana chichienzaniswa neyakajairwa - sensor yakashata;
2. Kupikisa kunowanzoita kana kuenderana ne zero - interturn circuit mu induction coil;
3. Shanduko yedata rekudzivirira kana uchikotama wiring harness - kukuvadza kune tambo dzetambo;
4. Kupokana kunowanzoita infinity - waya yekupwanya mune sensor harness kana induction coil.

Zvakakosha! Kana, mushure mekutarisa mabasa eese sensors, iyo inopikisa index yechero ipi zvayo inosiyana zvakanyanya, iyi sensor haina kunaka.

Usati watarisa wiring yekuvimbika, iwe unofanirwa kutsvaga iyo pinout yeiyo control module plug. Zvadaro:

1. Vhura kubatanidzwa kwema sensors uye control unit;
2. Zvinoenderana nepinout, ese mawaya hanezi anorira achichinjana.

Oscilloscope

Chishandiso chinokutendera kuti unyatso kuona mashandiro eiyo ABS sensor. Maererano negirafu yekuchinja kwechiratidzo, ukuru hwemapulses uye amplitude yavo inoedzwa. Diagnostics inoitwa pamotokari pasina kubvisa system:

1. Bvisa mudziyo wekubatanidza uye uchenese tsvina.
2. Iyo oscilloscope yakabatana kune sensor kuburikidza nemapini.
3. Iyo hubhu inotenderedzwa nekumhanya kwe2-3 rpm.
4. Gadzirisa chiratidzo chekuchinja chirongwa.
5. Nenzira imwecheteyo, tarisa sensor kune rumwe rutivi rweaxle.

Iyo oscilloscope inopa yakanyanya kuzara mufananidzo wekushanda kweiyo anti-lock braking system sensor

Sensors zvakanaka kana:

1. Iwo akarekodhwa amplitudes ekuchinja kwechiratidzo pane masensa eimwe axis akafanana;
2. Iyo girafu curve yakafanana, isina kutsauka kunooneka;
3. Iyo amplitude kureba yakagadzikana uye haipfuure 0,5 V.

Pasina midziyo

Kushanda kwakarurama kwe sensor kunogona kugadziriswa nekuvapo kwemagnetic field. Sei chero chinhu chakagadzirwa nesimbi chinoshandiswa kune sensor body. Kana iyo ignition yakabatidzwa, inofanirwa kukwezvwa.

Uye zvakare, zvinodikanwa kuti uongorore iyo sensor imba yekutendeseka kwayo. Wiring haifanirwe kuratidza scuffs, insulation breaks, oxides. Iyo yekubatanidza plug ye sensor inofanirwa kuve yakachena, iyo yekubatika haina oxidized.

Zvakakosha! Tsvina nemaokisi pane zvinobatika zveplug zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa kweiyo chiratidzo chekufambisa.

Kugadzirisa sensor

Iyo yakakundikana passive ABS sensor inogona kugadziriswa wega. Izvi zvinoda kutsungirira uye kugona kwezvishandiso. Kana iwe uchikahadzika kugona kwako, zvinokurudzirwa kutsiva iyo yakashata sensor neitsva.

Kugadzirisa kunoitwa nenzira inotevera:

1. Iyo sensor inonyatso kubviswa kubva kuhubhu. Iyo yakaomeswa yekugadzirisa bhaudhi haina kuvharwa, yakamborapwa neWD40 mvura.
2. Mhosva yekudzivirira yekoiri inocheka nesaha, ichiedza kusakuvadza mhepo.
3. Iyo firimu inodzivirira inobviswa kubva pamhepo nebanga.
4. Waya yakakuvara haikuvare kubva pakoiri. Iyo ferrite core yakaumbwa sechidziva cheshinda.
5. Kuti uwane mhepo nyowani, unogona kushandisa waya yemhangura kubva kuRES-8 coils. Iyo waya inokuvadzwa kuitira kuti irege kubuda kunze kwezviyero zvepakati.
6. Edza kupikisa kwekoiri itsva. Inofanirwa kuenzanisa parameter ye sensor inoshanda iri kune rumwe rutivi rweaxle. Dzikisa kukosha nekusunungura mashoma mashoma ewaya kubva kune spool. Kuti uwedzere kupikisa, iwe uchafanirwa kudzorera waya yehurefu hukuru. Gadzirisa waya neadhesive tepi kana tepi.
7. Waya, zviri nani zvakasungwa, zvinotengeswa kusvika kumigumo yekumonera kubatanidza coil kune bundle.
8. Iyo coil inoiswa mudzimba dzekare. Kana yakakanganiswa, ipapo coil yakazadzwa ne epoxy resin, yakamboiisa pakati peimba kubva kune capacitor. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuzadza gaka rose pakati pekoiri nemadziro econdenser neglue kuitira kuti mhepo yemhepo irege kuumba. Mushure mekunge resin yaoma, muviri unobviswa.
9. Iyo sensor gomo inogadziriswa ne epoxy resin. Inobata zvakare mitswe uye voids yamuka.
10. Mutumbi unounzwa kuhukuru hunodiwa nefaira uye sandpaper.
11. Iyo yakagadziriswa sensor inoiswa munzvimbo yayo yekutanga. Mhepo pakati pechipimo uye giya rotor nerubatsiro rwegaskets yakaiswa mukati me 0,9-1,1 mm.

Mushure mekuisa iyo yakagadziriswa sensor, iyo ABS system inowonekwa nekumhanya kwakasiyana. Dzimwe nguva, isati yamira, kushanda kwemaitiro ehurongwa kunoitika. Muchiitiko ichi, gapu rekushanda re sensor rinogadziriswa nerubatsiro rwe spacers kana kugaya kwepakati.

Zvakakosha! Yakatadza inomhanyisa ma sensors haigone kugadziriswa uye inofanirwa kutsiviwa nematsva.

Vhidhiyo: maitiro ekugadzirisa iyo ABS sensor

🔴 Maitiro ekugadzirisa ABS kumba, mwenje weABS wakabatidzwa, Maitiro ekutarisa iyo ABS sensor, ABS haishande🔧

Kugadziridza wiring

Wiring yakakuvadzwa inogona kutsiviwa. Nokuda kweizvi:

1. Bvisa plug waya kubva pane control unit.
2. Dhirowa kana kutora mufananidzo marongerwo emabhuraketi ewaya ane kuyerwa kwechinhambwe.
3. Bvisa bhaudhi rinokwirisa uye bvisa iyo sensor ne wiring, mushure mekubvisa mabhureki anokwira kubva mairi.
4. Cheka chikamu chakakanganisika chewaya, uchifunga nezve kureba kwemahombekombe ekutengesa.
5. Bvisa zvivharo zvekudzivirira uye zvidzitiro kubva patambo yakachekwa.
6. Mavhavha nemafasteners anoiswa pawaya yakagara yasarudzwa maererano nekunze kwedhayamita uye chikamu chemuchinjikwa nesopo solution.
7. Solder iyo sensor uye yekubatanidza kusvika kumagumo eiyo harness nyowani.
8. Isolate soldering points. Kururama kwezvikwangwani zvinoparidzirwa ne sensor uye hupenyu hwebasa rekugadzirisa wiring chikamu chinoenderana nehutano hwekudzivirira.
9. Iyo sensor yakaiswa panzvimbo, iyo wiring inoiswa uye inogadziriswa maererano nedhiyagiramu.
10. Tarisa kushanda kweiyo system mune dzakasiyana mhanyisa modhi.

Iyo solder point inofanirwa kuve insulated nemhando yepamusoro kuti iwedzere kurongeka kwemasaini anofambiswa

Kuchengeteka kwevashandisi vemugwagwa kunoenderana nekubudirira kweiyo anti-lock braking system. Kana zvichidikanwa, kuongororwa uye kugadziriswa kweABS sensors kunogona kuitwa zvakasununguka, pasina kushandisa masevhisi ebasa remotokari.

Hurukuro dzakavharirwa peji rino