Mashandisiro e "neutral" pane otomatiki kutapurirana

Kunyange zvazvo bhuku rekutumira richine vatsigiri vakawanda, vatyairi vakawanda vanosarudza otomatiki transmissions (otomatiki transmissions). Robotic gearboxes uye CVTs zvakare akakurumbira, ayo anofungidzirwa zvisiri izvo mhando dzeatomatiki magiya mabhokisi.

Muchokwadi, iro robhoti bhokisi ibhuku rekufambisa rine otomatiki clutch control uye giya rekuchinja, uye iyo vhezheni inowanzove yakaparadzana mhando yeanoramba achichinja-chinja kutapurirana, uye chokwadi haikwanise kutombonzi giya bhokisi.

Pano isu tichangotaura nezve classic box-muchina.

Muchidimbu nezve otomatiki yekufambisa mudziyo

Hwaro hwechikamu chayo chemagetsi mapuraneti giya seti - mabhokisi egiya, umo seti yegiya inoiswa mukati megiya hombe mundege imwechete nayo. Izvo zvakagadzirirwa kushandura giya reshiyo kana uchichinja kumhanya. Magiya anochinjwa uchishandisa clutch packs (friction clutches).

Iyo torque inoshandura (kana kungoti "donut") inotamisa torque kubva muinjini yekupisa yemukati kuenda kubhokisi regiya. Nekushanda, inoenderana ne clutch mune manual transmissions.

Iyo control unit processor inogamuchira ruzivo kubva kune akati wandei sensors uye inodzora mashandiro eiyo module yekugovera (hydraulic unit). Zvinhu zvikuru zvekugovera module ndeye solenoid valves (inowanzonzi solenoids) uye kudzora spools. Kutenda kwavari, mvura inoshanda inotungamirwa uye maclutches anobata.

Iyi irondedzero yakareruka yeotomatiki kutapurirana, iyo inobvumira mutyairi kusafunga nezvekuchinja magiya uye kunoita kuti kutyaira mota kuve kugadzikana pane kutapurirana kwemanyorero.

Asi kunyangwe nekudzora kuri nyore, mibvunzo nezve mashandisirwo ekutapurirana otomatiki inoramba iripo. Kunyanya kupokana kwakapinza kunomuka maererano neiyo modhi N (yakarerekera).

Kugovera kusarerekera mune otomatiki kutapurirana

Mumagiya asina kwaakarerekera, torque haina kuendeswa kubhokisi regiya, zvichiteerana, mavhiri haatenderere, mota yakamira. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kune zvese zvinyorwa uye otomatiki transmissions. Panyaya yekufambiswa kwemanyorero, giya rekusarerekera rinoshandiswa nguva dzose, rinowanzo kuverengerwa pamarobhoti, panguva yekumira mapfupi, uye kunyangwe pakufamba. Kana kusarerekera kuchiitwa mukufambisa kwemanyorero, mutyairi anogona kutora tsoka yavo kubva pa clutch pedal.

Kusimwa kubva kumakanika kuenda otomatiki, vazhinji vanoramba vachishandisa iyo isina kwayakarerekera nenzira imwechete. Nekudaro, iyo musimboti wekushanda kweiyo otomatiki kutapurirana yakasiyana zvachose, hapana clutch, uye iyo yakasarudzika giya modhi ine mashoma ekushandisa.

Kana iyo sarudzo yakaiswa munzvimbo ye "N", iyo torque inoshandura icharamba ichitenderera, asi friction discs ichave yakazaruka, uye hapazovi nekubatana pakati peinjini nemavhiri. Sezvo shaft yekubuda uye mavhiri asina kuvharwa mune iyi modhi, muchina unokwanisa kufamba uye unogona kudhonzwa kana kukungurutswa parori yekudhonza. Iwe unogona zvakare kuzunungusa nemaoko mota yakanamira muchando kana mumatope. Izvi zvinodzikamisa kugadzwa kwegiya rakarerekera mune otomatiki kutapurirana. Hapana chikonzero chekuishandisa mune chero mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu.

Kwazvakarerekera mujamu yemumigwagwa uye parobhoti

Ndinofanira kushandura lever kune "N" chinzvimbo pamarobhoti uye kana uchityaira mune traffic jam? Vamwe vanozviita kunze kwetsika, vamwe nenzira iyi vanopa zororo kune gumbo, iro rinomanikidzwa kubata bhureki pedal kwenguva yakareba, vamwe vanotyaira vachikwira kurobhoti nemahombekombe, vachitarisira kuchengetedza mafuta.

Hapana chirevo chinoshanda mune zvese izvi. Paunenge wakamira pachiedza chemotokari uye shanduko iri mu "D" nzvimbo, pombi yemafuta inogadzira kugadzikana kwakadzikama mu hydraulic block, valve inovhurwa kuti ipe kumanikidzwa kune yekutanga gear friction discs. Mota ichafamba kana wangosunungura brake pedal. Pachave pasina clutch kutsvedza. Kune otomatiki kutapurirana, iyi ndiyo yakajairika maitiro ekushanda.

Kana iwe uchiramba uchichinja kubva ku "D" kuenda ku "N" uye kumashure, ipapo nguva imwe neimwe mavhavha akazaruka uye akavhara, mabheti anomanikidzwa uye asina kuchena, mashizha anobatanidzwa uye anobviswa, madonhwe ekudzvinyirira mumuviri wevhavha anoonekwa. Zvose izvi zvishoma nezvishoma, asi nguva dzose uye zvachose zvisina kufanira zvinopedza gearbox.

Panewo njodzi yekutsika gasi, kukanganwa kudzorera mutengi panzvimbo D. Uye izvi zvatove zvakazara nekutya kana kushandura, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kukuvadza kubhokisi rebhokisi.

Kana gumbo rako rikaneta mukufamba kwenguva refu kana iwe usingade kuvhenekera mabhureki ako mumaziso emunhu ari kumashure kwako husiku, unogona kushandura kusarerekera. Ingo usakanganwa kuti mune iyi modhi mavhiri akavhurwa. Kana mugwagwa wacho wakatenuka, motokari inogona kukunguruka, kureva kuti unotofanira kubata handbrake. Naizvozvo, zviri nyore uye zvakavimbika kushandura kupaki (P) mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.

Icho chokwadi chekuti mafuta anofungidzirwa kuti anochengetwa pane asina kwaakarerekera ingano yekare uye yakasimba. Kufamba zvisina kwazvakarerekera kuchengetedza mafuta yaive nyaya yaipisa makore makumi mana apfuura. Mumotokari dzemazuva ano, kupihwa kwemhepo-mafuta musanganiswa kune emukati emoto masilinda inomira kana gasi rinofamba raburitswa. Uye mumagiya asina kwaakarerekera, injini yekupisa yemukati inoenda mune isina basa modhi, ichidya yakaringana huwandu hwemafuta.

Pausingafaniri Kuenda Kusina Kwawakarerekera

Vanhu vazhinji kana vachidzika pasi vanosanganisira kusarerekera uye kumahombekombe. Kana ukaita izvi, unenge wakanganwa zvimwe zvezvawakadzidziswa kuchikoro chekutyaira. Panzvimbo pekuchengetedza, iwe unowedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta, asi izvi hazvina kushata. Pamusana pekusasimba kunamatira kwemavhiri kumugwagwa, mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro iwe uchamanikidzwa kugara uchinonoka, izvo zvinoreva kuti njodzi yekupisa kwepadhi inowedzera. Mabhureki anogona kungofoira panguva isina kukodzera.

Mukuwedzera, kukwanisa kutyaira motokari kunooneka kuderera. Semuenzaniso, haugone kuwedzera kumhanya kana kudiwa kwakadaro kuchimuka.

Yakananga kune otomatiki kutapurirana, kukwira kwakadaro zvakare hakuna kumira zvakanaka. Mune giya rakarerekera, kudzvanywa muoiri system kunoderera. Nechikonzero ichi, vagadziri vazhinji vanorambidza kupfuudza kumhanya kwe40 km / h mukusarerekera uye kutyaira chinhambwe chemakiromita anopfuura 30-40. Zvikasadaro, kupisa uye kukanganisa mune otomatiki transmission zvikamu zvinogoneka.

Kana iwe ukafambisa lever kunzvimbo ye "N" nekumhanya, hapana chakaipa chichaitika. Asi iwe unogona kudzokera ku "D" mode pasina kukuvadza kune gearbox chete mushure mokunge motokari yamira zvachose. Izvi zvinoshandawo kuPaki (P) uye Reverse (R) modes.

Kuchinja otomatiki giya bhokisi kubva kune kwaakarerekera kuenda pachinzvimbo "D" uchityaira zvinotungamira kune yakapinza shanduko mukumanikidza mugiya bhokisi hydraulics, uye shafts inobata nekumhanya kwakasiyana kwekutenderera kwavo.

Kekutanga kana kechipiri, pamwe zvese zvichabuda. Asi kana iwe uchigara uchichinja kune "N" chinzvimbo paunenge uchitsvedza pasi chikomo, saka zviri nani kubvunza pachine nguva nezve mutengo wekugadzirisa otomatiki kutapurirana. Zvingangodaro, iwe ucharasikirwa nechishuwo chekugara uchidhonza switch.