Maitiro ekutarisa jenareta yekushanda uchishandisa multimeter uye dzimwe nzira
Zviri mukati
Iyo mota pa-board network inosanganisira simba sosi, vatengi uye mudziyo wekuchengetera. Simba rinodiwa rinotorwa kubva ku crankshaft kuburikidza nebhanhire dhiraivha kune jenareta. Bhatiri rekuchengetedza (ACB) rinochengetedza vhezheni mumambure kana pasina kubuda kubva kujenareta kana kuti haina kukwana kupa simba vatengi.
Pakushanda kwakajairika, zvinodikanwa kuzadza mutero wakarasika, unogona kudziviswa nekusashanda zvakanaka mujenareta, regulator, switching kana wiring.
Scheme yekubatanidza bhatiri nejenareta uye starter
Iyo sisitimu yakareruka, inomiririra DC network ine zita remagetsi e12 volts, kunyangwe panguva yekushanda inotsigirwa zvishoma yakakwira, inosvika gumi nemana volts, iyo inofanirwa kuchaja bhatiri.
Chimiro chinosanganisira:
- alternator, kazhinji katatu-phase dynamo ine yakavakirwa-mukati rectifier, relay-regulator, excitation windings mu rotor uye simba windings pane stator;
- bhatiri remhando yelead-acid starter, rine masero matanhatu akabatanidzwa munhevedzano ane mvura, gley kana electrolyte inomisikidza chimiro cheporous;
- simba uye kutonga wiring, relay uye fuse mabhokisi, mwenje wekutyaira uye voltmeter, dzimwe nguva ammeter.
Jenereta uye bhatiri zvakabatana kune magetsi emagetsi. Kuchaja kunodzorwa nekudzikamisa voltage munetwork pamwero we14-14,5 Volts, iyo inova nechokwadi chekuti bhatiri rinochajiwa kusvika pakakwirira, rinoteverwa nekugumiswa kwekuchaja ikozvino nekuda kwekukura kwemukati EMF ye. bhatiri sezvo simba rinounganidzwa.
Iyo stabilizer pamajenereta emazuva ano inovakwa mukugadzirwa kwavo uye inowanzobatanidzwa negungano rebhurashi. Iyo yakavakirwa-mukati yakabatanidzwa yedunhu inoramba ichiyera iyo voltage munetiweki uye, zvichienderana nedanho rayo, inowedzera kana kudzikisa iyo jenareta excitation ikozvino kuburikidza ne rotor mhepo mune kiyi modhi.
Kukurukurirana nemhepo inoputika kunoitika kuburikidza nekubatanidza kunotenderera nenzira ye lamellar kana ring collector uye metal-graphite brushes.
Iyo rotor inotenderera inogadzira inochinjana magineti inoita kuti ikozvino mu stator windings. Aya makoiri ane simba, akakamurwa nekona yekutenderera kuita zvikamu zvitatu. Imwe neimwe yadzo inoshanda pafudzi rayo redhiyodhi rectifier bhiriji mune matatu-chikamu chirongwa.
Kazhinji, bhiriji rine mapeya matatu esilicon diode uye mamwe matatu akadzika-simba regireta emagetsi ekupa magetsi, ivo vanoyerawo magetsi anobuda e-on-line kutonga kwekunakidzwa kwazvino.
Ripple diki reiyo yakagadziridzwa matatu-phase voltage inokwenenzverwa kunze nebhatiri, saka ikozvino mune network inenge yakangogara uye yakakodzera kupa simba chero mutengi.
Nzira yekuziva sei kana kuchaja kuri kubva kune alternator kuenda kubhatiri
Kuratidza kusachaja, mwenje dzvuku unoenderana pane dashboard unoitirwa. Asi haawanzopa ruzivo nenguva, panogona kunge paine zviitiko zvekutadza zvishoma. A voltmeter icharatidza mamiriro acho zvakanyatsonaka.
Dzimwe nguva mudziyo uyu unowanikwa seyakajairwa midziyo yemotokari. Asi iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa multimeter. Iyo voltage mu-on-board network, inodiwa kuyera zvakananga pamabheteri terminals, inofanira kunge inosvika gumi nemana volts injini ichimhanya.
Inogona kusiyana zvishoma zvichidzika kana bhatiri rikadzima zvishoma uye richitora hombe yekuchaja ikozvino. Iyo jenareta simba ishoma uye voltage inodonha.
Pakarepo mushure mekutanga kushanda, bhatiri EMF inoderera, uye zvishoma nezvishoma inopora. Kubatanidzwa kwevatengi vane simba kunoderedza kuzadzazve kwekubhadhara. Kuwedzera kutendeuka kunowedzera nhanho mune network.
Kana iyo voltage inodonha uye isingawedzeri, jenereta haishande, bhatiri inobuda zvishoma nezvishoma, injini ichamira uye hazvizogone kuitanga neanotanga.
Kuongorora chikamu chemagetsi chejenareta
Nehumwe ruzivo uye hunyanzvi, jenareta inogona kudzoreredzwa yakazvimirira. Dzimwe nguva pasina kana kubvisa kubva mumotokari, asi zviri nani kuibvisa uye kuibvisa zvishoma.
Matambudziko anogona kumuka chete nekusunungura pulley nut. Iwe unozoda wrench yekukanganisa kana hombe, yakafukidzwa vise. Paunenge uchishanda ne nut, zvinokwanisika kumisa rotor chete nepulley, zvimwe zvikamu zvichave zvakasvibiswa.
Kuongorora kunoonekwa
Pazvikamu zvejenereta hazvifaniri kuva nezviratidzo zvekupisa, deformation yezvikamu zvepurasitiki uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvekupisa kwakanyanya.
Hurefu hwemabhurashi hunova nechokwadi chekubata kwavo kwakasimba nemuunganidzi, uye ivo vanofanirwa kufamba pasi pechiito chekusunga zvitubu pasina jamming uye wedging.
Iko hakuna kurongeka kweiyo oxidation pawaya uye zviteshi, zvese zvinosungirirwa zvakasimbiswa zvakachengeteka. Iyo rotor inotenderera pasina ruzha, backlash uye jamming.
Bearings (bushings)
Rotor bearings inotakurwa zvakanyanya netensioned drive bhandi. Izvi zvinowedzerwa nekumhanya kukuru kwekutenderera, kumhanyisa kaviri kupfuura kwecrankshaft.
Mazera ekuzora, mabhora nemakeji ari pasi pegomba - kuneta spalling kwesimbi. Kutakura kunotanga kuita ruzha uye kudedera, izvo zvinonyatsooneka kana pulley inotenderedzwa nemaoko. Zvikamu zvakadaro zvinofanira kuchinjwa nokukurumidza.
Kutarisa chikamu chemagetsi chejenereta ne multimeter
Zvakawanda zvinogona kuwanikwa nekumhanyisa jenareta nevoltmeter, ammeter uye mitoro pachigadziko, asi mumamiriro eamateur izvi hazvigoneke. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, static test ine ohmmeter, iyo inhengo ye multimeter isingadhuri, yakakwana.
Diode zambuko (rectifier)
Bridge diode magedhi esilicon anoitisa ikozvino munzira yekumberi uye anovharwa kana polarity yadzoserwa.
Ndiko kuti, ohmmeter mune imwe nzira icharatidza kukosha kwekurongeka kwe 0,6-0,8 kOhm uye kuputsa, kureva, infinity, kune rimwe divi. Izvo zvinofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chete kuti chimwe chikamu hachivharirwe neimwe iri panzvimbo imwe chete.
Sezvo mutemo, diode haipiwe zvakasiyana uye haitsiviwa. Gungano rose rebhiriji rinogona kutengwa, uye izvi zvinoruramiswa, sezvo zvikamu zvinopisa zvakanyanya zvinodzikisira zvimiro zvadzo uye zvine hurombo hwekupisa kupisa kune ndiro inotonhorera. Apa kubata kwemagetsi kwakaputsika.
Rotor
Iyo rotor inotariswa kushorwa (nekuridza). Iyo inomonereka ine chiyero che akati wandei ohm, kazhinji 3-4. Izvo hazvifanirwe kunge zvine mapfupi maseketi kune iyo kesi, ndiko kuti, iyo ohmmeter icharatidza infinity.
Pane mukana wekutenderera-pfupi kutenderera, asi izvi hazvigone kuongororwa nemultimeter.
Stator
Iyo stator windings inorira kunze nenzira imwechete, pano kushorwa kwakatoderera. Naizvozvo, iwe unogona kungoita chokwadi chekuti hapana mabreak uye mapfupi maseketi kune kesi, kazhinji izvi zvakakwana, asi kwete nguva dzose.
Mamwe makesi akaomarara anoda kuyedzwa pachigadziko kana nekuchitsiva nechikamu chinozivikanwa-chakanaka. 
Bhatiri yekuchaja voltage regulator relay
An ohmmeter haibatsiri pano, asi iwe unogona kuunganidza dunhu kubva kune inogadziriswa magetsi, multimeter voltmeter uye girobhu.
Mwenje wakabatana nemabhurashi unofanirwa kuvhenekera kana magetsi ekupa pane regulator chip anodonha pazasi pegumi nemana volts uye obuda zvakawandisa, kureva, shandura mafambiro emhepo kana kukosha kwechikumbaridzo kwayambuka.
Mabhurashi uye zvindori zvinotsvedza
Mabhurashi anodzorwa nekusara kwehurefu uye rusununguko rwekufamba. Nehurefu hupfupi, chero zvipi zvacho, dzinofanirwa kutsiviwa nemitsva pamwe chete neyakagadzika relay-regulator, izvi hazvidhure, uye zvikamu zvakasara zviripo.
Rotor manifold haifanirwe kuve nekutsva kana kudzika mavanga ekupfeka. Kusvibiswa kudiki kunobviswa nesandpaper, uye nekukura kwakadzama, muunganidzi anogona kazhinji kutsiviwa.
Kuvapo kwekusangana kwezvindori nemhepo inoputika kunoongororwa neohmmeters, sezvinoratidzwa mumuedzo we rotor. Kana zvindori zvekutsvedza zvisina kupihwa, ipapo gungano re rotor rinoshandurwa.
