Maitiro ekutarisa kupenya plugs

Basa remapulagi anopenya ndere kupisa mhepo mukamuri yekupisa yemotokari yedhiziri nekukurumidza sezvinobvira, sezvo kupisa kwemusanganiswa, mune iyi kesi, kunoitika pakupisa kwe800-850 C uye chiratidzo chakadaro hachigone kuwanikwa. nekumanikidza chete. Naizvozvo, mushure mekutanga injini yekupisa yemukati, makenduru anofanira kushanda kusvikira nguvakusvikira tembiricha yaro yasvika 75 ° C.

Mumamiriro okunze anodziya, kutadza kweimwe kana maviri plugs inopenya haigone kuoneka, asi nekutanga kwekutonhora kwemamiriro ekunze, matambudziko anobva angooneka nekutanga injini yedhiziri uye kukosha kwekutarisa makenduru.

Glow plugs

Nguva yenguva yekushandiswa kwekenduru uye ukuru hwemagetsi inodzorwa nerelay kana yakakosha yemagetsi unit (makenduru, kana achipenya kusvika 1300 madhigirii kwemasekonzi 2-30, anodya ikozvino kubva 8 kusvika 40A imwe neimwe). Pa dashboard, girobhu riri muchimiro che spiral rinoratidza mutyairi kuti akurumidza kupinza giya kusvika radzima. Mumagadzirirwo emazuva ano, zvemagetsi zvinotarisisa tembiricha yeinjini yekupisa mukati, uye kana injini ichidziya zvakakwana, haibatidze makenduru zvachose.

Nekukanganisa spark plugs, inodziya (inopfuura 60 ° C) injini yedhiziri inotanga pasina matambudziko, zvakaoma kutanga injini yedhiziri chete kana kuchitonhora.

Plug inopenya inogona kukundikana nekuda kwezvikonzero zviviri:

• spiral resource yapera (anenge mushure me75-100 zviuru zvemakiromita);
• midziyo yemafuta yakashata.

Zviratidzo zvekuputsika mapulagi anopenya

Zviratidzo zvisina kunanga kuvapo kwekuparara:

1. Kana uchitanga kubva pakupera utsi hwebhuruu-chena. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti mafuta anopiwa, asi haabatise.
2. Kushanda kwakashata kwechando ICE pasina basa. Iko ruzha uye hutsinye kushanda kwejini kunogona kuoneka kubva kuzunungusa zvikamu zvepurasitiki zvekabhini nekuda kwekuti musanganiswa mune imwe cylinder unopisa kunonoka nekuda kwekushaikwa kwekudziya.
3. Zvakaoma kutonhora kutanga dhiziri. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuita kudzokorora kwakati wandei kwekusunungura injini yekutanga.

zviratidzo zvakajeka plug yakaipa inopenya icha:

1. Rusarura zano kukundikana.
2. Gobvu tip layer pedyo nehombe.
3. Kuzvimba kwechubhu inopenya (inoitika nekuda kwekuwedzeredza).

Ndingatarise sei mapulagi anopenya einjini yedhiziri

Nzira yekuongorora?

Zvichienderana nemuenzaniso uye zera remotokari, kune misimboti yakasiyana yekushanda kweinjini yekudziya yedhiziri:

• Mumotokari dzechikuru, mapulagi anopenya anowanzo batidza pese pese panotanga injini.
• Mota dzemazuvano dzinogona kubudirira kutanga pasina kubatidza mapulagi anopenya patembiricha yakanaka.

Saka, usati waenderera mberi nekuongororwa kweinjini yedhiziri preheating system, zvinodikanwa kuti uzive kuti ndeipi hutongi hwekushisa iyo kamuri yekupisa inopisa. Uye zvakare, ndeupi rudzi rwekenduru, sezvo yakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: tsvimbo (iyo yekudziya chinhu inogadzirwa nerefractory metal spiral) uye ceramic (iyo hita ndeye ceramic upfu).

Mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza Euro 5 uye Euro 6 inopa kushanda kweinjini yedhiziri ine makenduru eceramic, sezvo iine basa rekutanga-kutanga uye mushure mekutanga kupisa, iyo inobvumira mushure mekupisa mafuta mumoto unotonhora wemukati injini, pamwe nepakati. glow mode inodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuvandudzwa kweiyo particulate sefa.

Kutarisa dhiziri spark plugs Ford, Volkswagen, Mercedes kana imwe mota, inogona kushandiswa nenzira dzakawanda, uyezve, zvichienderana nekuti ivo vasina kuvharwa here kana kuti pane injini inopisa mukati, iyo nheyo ichave yakafanana. Kuongorora hutano kunogona kuitwa uchishandisa:

3 nzira dzekutarisa kupenya plugs - vhidhiyo

• bhatiri. Pamusoro pekumhanya uye kunaka kwe incandescence;
• akaona. Mushure mekutarisa kuputsika kwemhepo inopisa kana kuramba kwayo;
• Magetsi emagetsi (12V). Muedzo wakapfava wechinhu chakaputsika chekudziya;
• Sparking (inogona kungoshandiswa mumajini ekare edhiziri, sezvo kune matsva ane ngozi kune kukundikana kwekombiyuta);
• kuongorora kwekuona.

Iyo yakapfava yekuongororwa yemapulagi anopenya ndeyekutarisa maitiro emagetsi. Iyo spiral inofanirwa kuitisa ikozvino, yayo kudzivirira kutonhora mukati 0,6–4,0 Oma. Kana iwe uchikwanisa kuwana makenduru, iwe unogona "kuridza" iwo pachako: kwete imba yese inoedza inokwanisa kuyera kuderera kwakadaro, asi chero mudziyo unoratidza kuvepo kwekupokana kweheater (kupokana kwakaenzana nekusingaperi).

Muhupo hweasingabatanidzi (induction) ammeter, unogona kuita pasina kubvisa kenduru kubva mukati mejini inopisa. Asi zvinowanzodikanwa kuongorora chikamu chekushanda, pane izvo zviratidzo zvekupisa zvinogona kuonekwa - kunyunguduka, deformation yetip kusvika pakuparadzwa kwayo.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kureva kana makenduru ose akakundikana kamwechete, zvingave zvakakosha kutarisa zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvemotokari. Zvichireva, kenduru control relay uye matunhu ayo.

Isu tichatsanangura nzira dzese dzekutarisa dizeli glow plugs. Kusarudzwa kweumwe neumwe wavo kunoenderana nehunyanzvi, kuwanikwa kwezviridzwa, zvishandiso uye nguva yemahara. Asi zvakanaka, iwe unofanirwa kushandisa zvese pamwe chete, pamwe nekutarisa kwekuona.

Maitiro ekutarisa maplugs anopenya pasina kusunungura (yeinjini dzinopisa dzemukati)

Kutarisa mapulagi anopenya kunofanirwa kutanga nekuona kana magetsi akaiswa kwavari zvachose, nekuti dzimwe nguva kubata kwewaya yekugovera kunongowedzera oxidize kana kupera simba. Naizvozvo, kutarisa pasina tester (ine ohmmeter uye voltmeter modes) kana seyekupedzisira sarudzo 12 volt girobhu remwenje, bata chero ipi zvayo.

Zvemukati combustion injini glow plugs inogona kuongororwa kunze kwaizvozvo pakuita kwavo kwese., sezvo kusimba uye kukurumidza kwekupisa kwechinhu chinopisa hazvigone kuonekwa (chete pane mamwe mamota unogona kusunungura mabhomba uye kutarisa mumatsime avo). Nokudaro, iyo inonyanya kuvimbika yekuongorora sarudzo ichava kusunungura makenduru, kutarisa pabhatiri uye kuyera zviratidzo ne multimeter, asi pane chimwe chinhu chichaita cheki nokukurumidza.

Maitiro ekuyedza plug ine mwenje wemwenje

Nheyo yekutarisa plug inopenya negirobhu remwenje

Saka, nzira yekutanga yekutarisa mapulagi anopenya pane injini yekupisa yemukati (kana yakatosunungurwa) - kushandiswa kwekutonga. Waya mbiri dzinotengeswa kune 21 W girobhu (girobhu remwenje rezviyero kana kumira rakakodzera), uye neimwe yadzo tinobata materminal anotungamira emakenduru (akambobvisa tambo yemagetsi), uye yechipiri kune yakanaka. terminal yebhatiri. Kana chiedza chikauya, saka hapana kuputsa mukati mekupisa chinhu. Uye saka mukutendeuka kune imwe neimwe kenduru. Kana girobhu remwenje inopenya zvishoma kana haitsva zvachose - kenduru yakaipa. Sezvo nzira yekutarisa plug inopenya ine girobhu yemwenje isingawanzo kuwanikwa, uye mhedzisiro yayo inoenderana, nhanho inotevera ndeyekutarisa nemuongorori.

Tarisa spark plug

Kutarisa plug inopenya yespark, yakafanana neyekare nzira, inongoitwa pasina mwenje girobhu uye nekubata kwakanyanya kwechikamu chakarukwa.

Kutarisa sparks panzvimbo yekubatanidza tambo yemagetsi inogona kugadzirwa chete pamadhiziri ekareuko pasina magetsi control unit.

Kuti uedze spark, iwe uchada:

1. Meta chidimbu chewaya, yakabviswa insulation pamagumo.
2. Bvisa spark plugs kubva mubhazi remagetsi.
3. Kara imwe magumo ewaya kune "+" bhatiri, woisa imwe yacho, nemafambisirwo etangential, kune yepakati electrode.
4. Pakenduru inoshandiswa, spark yakasimba ichaonekwa, uye pamhepo isina simba inopisa, spark yakaipa ichaumba.

Nekuda kwenjodzi yekushandisa nzira iyi, haishandiswe pamotokari dzemazuva ano dhiziri, asi kuti uizive, zvirinani kuti sei. hapana chikonzero chekudzora negirobhu, zvirokwazvo!

Maitiro ekuyedza kupenya plugs ine multimeter

Kutarisa makenduru edhiziri ane multitester anogona kuitwa nenzira nhatu:

Kuenderera mberi kweplug inopenya ine multimeter kune yakaputsika spiral

• in call mode;
• kuyera kuramba;
• tsvaga mashandisirwo azvino.

Call to break Iwe unogona kushandisa kunyange chinhu chekudziya pasina kusunungura iyo spark plug kubva mukati meinjini yekupisa, asi kuti ushandise dzimwe nzira mbiri dzekutarisa kupenya plugs ne tester, zvinodikanwa kuti ivo vachiri pamberi pako.

Uye saka, kune iyo dialing mode yaunoda:

1. Fambisa mutongi panzvimbo yakakodzera.
2. Bvisa waya yekugovera kubva pakati pe electrode.
3. Iyo yakanaka probe ye multimeter iri pa electrode, uye iyo yakaipa probe ndeyekubata injini block.
4. Iko hakuna chiratidzo chezwi kana museve hausi kutsauka (kana analog tester) - vhura.

Kuyera kushorwa kweplug inopenya ine tester

nzira iyi inongobatsira kuona zvachose isingashande inopenya plug, asi iwe haugone kuwana matambudziko nechinhu chekudziya.

Zvakawanda zviri nani kutarisa kupikisa ne tester, asi nokuda kweizvi vanoda kuziva kukosha, iyo inofanirwa kuenderana nekenduru chaiyo. At yakanaka spark plug kuramba helix mari 0,7-1,8 ohm. Sezvo kazhinji makenduru, kunyange achishandawo, atova nekupikisa kwakanyanya, sechikonzero chekuti vanodya zvishoma ikozvino uye iyo control unit, yakagamuchira chiratidzo chinoenderana, inofunga kuti yatodziya uye inodzima.

Nehupamhi hwekuvimbika kwechigumisiro maererano nekukodzera kwekenduru, uye pasina kuisunungura kubva kune injini yedhiziri, unogona kuziva. kutarisa kushandiswa kwemazuva ano.

Kuyera, iwe unoda: pane inotonhora injini, bvisa waya yekugovera kubva kune spark plug uye batanidza imwe terminal yeammeter kwairi (kana iyo yekuwedzera pabhatiri), uye yechipiri kune yepakati kubuda kwe spark plug. Isu tinobatidza moto uye tinotarisa zviratidzo zvezvino zvinopedzwa. Ikozvino kushandiswa kwekenduru inoshanda incandescent, zvichienderana nerudzi, inofanira kuva 5-18A. Nenzira, cherechedza kuti muchipiri chekutanga chekuedza, kuverenga kuchave kwakanyanya, uye ipapo, mushure memasekondi 3-4, zvishoma nezvishoma vanotanga kuwira kusvikira ikozvino yagadzikana. Museve kana nhamba pane tester inofanira kuderera, pasina jerks, zvakaenzana. Ese akaedzwa spark plugs ane emukati emoto injini anofanirwa kuve neakaenzana kukosha kweiyo inoyerera ikozvino. Kana zvakasiyana pane imwe kenduru kana hapana chinoitika zvachose, saka zvakakosha kusunungura kenduru uye kutarisa kupenya kwekuona. Kana kenduru ichipenya zvishoma (semuenzaniso, iyo chaiyo muromo kana yepakati), kuverenga kuchasiyana zvakanyanya, uye kana yaputswa, hapana ikozvino zvachose.

Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti ne-single-pole power supply connection (apo pasi paripo), kenduru imwe yepini inoshandisa kubva pa5 kusvika ku18 amperes, uye maviri-pole imwe (maviri anobuda kubva kumagetsi anopenya) kusvika ku50A.

Muchiitiko ichi, sekunge zviyero zvekupikisa, zvinodikanwa kuziva hunhu hwezita hwekushandisa ikozvino.

Kana pasina nguva yekubudisa chiedza chekuedza kana zvishandiso zvekubvisa makenduru, kana kuti zvatova patafura, zvinogona kubatsira kutarisa ne multimeter. Asi zvakare ine zvipingamupinyi zvayo - iyi nzira, senge, uye kutarisa negirobhu remwenje, haibvumire kuti uone kenduru ine kupenya kusina simba. Muongorori acharatidza kuti hapana kuparara, uye kenduru haizodziyi imba yekupisa zvakakwana. Naizvozvo, kuti uone kumhanya, dhigirii uye kurongeka kweiyo incandescence, pamwe nekusavapo kwemidziyo iripo, zvakakosha kutarisa makenduru ekudziya nebhatiri.

Kutarisa mapulagi anopenya nebhatiri

Mufananidzo wakanyatsojeka uye unoona wehutano hwezvinhu zvinopisa zvinopiwa nebheteri bvunzo. Kenduru imwe neimwe inotariswa zvakasiyana, uye dhigirii uye kurongeka kwekupenya kwayo kunogona kuonekwa.

Nheyo yekutarisa plug inopenya nebhatiri

Kuti utarise, hapana chaunoda zvachose - chaizvo chidimbu chewaya yakavharirwa uye bhatiri rinoshanda:

1. Isu tinodzvanya iyo yepakati electrode yekenduru kune iyo yakanaka terminal.
2. Isu tinobatanidza minus kumutumbi wechinhu chinopisa netambo.
3. Kukurumidza kupisa kusvika kutsvuku (uye inofanira kupiswa kubva pamuromo) inoratidza kushanda.
4. Kupenya zvishoma kana zvake aihwa - kenduru yakashata.

Kuti uwane bvunzo yakanyatsojeka, ingave iri zano rakanaka kuyera mwero iyo iyo muromo wekenduru inopisa kusvika kune cherry ruvara. Zvadaro enzanisa nguva yekupisa yekenduru imwe neimwe maererano nemamwe.

Muinjini yedhiziri yemazuva ano, spark plug inoshandirwa, ine inowanzoshanda yekudzora unit, inodziya kusvika pakushanda tembiricha mumasekonzi mashoma.

Iwo makenduru anopisa pakutanga kana kuti gare gare kubva kuboka rekutanga (avhareji nguva yemakenduru emazuva ano ndeye 2-5 masekondi) anoiswa parutivi kuti aite zvimedu. Bvunza kuti sei dziya dzaimboraswa zvakanaka here? Kana makenduru ari emhando imwechete uye yemhando imwechete, kupisa kumberi kunoratidza kuti haisi iyo chinhu chose chinopisa, asi chikamu chidiki chete. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuputika pamuviri kunowanzoonekwa munzvimbo idzi. Saka kana uchiyedza kupisa, zvinodikanwa kuziva maitiro emakenduru kana kutora hutsika hweiyo nyowani seyero.

Apo makenduru, kunyange zvazvo achishanda, asi achidziya kusvika kune kutonhora kwakasiyana uye nekumhanya kwakasiyana, saka, semugumisiro, ICE jerks inoitika (imwe inotopisa mafuta musanganiswa, uye imwe inongopisa mushure mayo). Kazhinji, vanogona kutarisa makenduru ose kamwechete panguva imwe chete, vachiabatanidza kwete munhevedzano, sezvazvingaita, asi pamwe chete, ipapo munhu wose achagamuchira simba razvino.

Paunenge uchitarisa, makenduru ose anofanira kupisa kusvika kune cherry hue nemusiyano weasingasviki sekondi imwe.

Iyo chete yakaoma neiyi nzira ndeyekuti iwe unofanirwa kusunungura makenduru ese, uye izvi dzimwe nguva zvinoshanduka kuve zvakaoma uye zvinopedza nguva. Asi chakanakira zvakare ndechekuti kunze kwekutarisa kupisa kwemapulagi anopenya, panguva imwechete isu tinotarisa chakavanzika chakakanganisika.

Kuongororwa kwekuona kwezviputi zvinopenya

Kuongorora kwekuona kunokubvumira kuti uone kwete kukanganisa chete, asiwo kushanda kwehuni yehuni, kushanda kwekutonga kwemagetsi, mamiriro episton, saka nguva dzose nyatsoongorora mapulagi anopenya, sezvo atobviswa.

Pane zvikanganiso pamakenduru

Kana makenduru asati apera simba rawo, asi atova nezviratidzo zvekupisa (inenge pakati petsvimbo inopisa), muviri unoputika uye kuputika kunopararira pamativi, zvino izvi ndezvi:

1. Yakawandisa voltage. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuyera voltage mu-on-board network ine multimeter.
2. Iyo glow plug relay haidzimi kwenguva yakareba. Rekodha nguva yekudzvanya kana tarisa relay ine ohmmeter.

Kunyunguduka muromo wekenduru

Inogona kuitika nekuda kwezvikonzero:

1. Jekiseni rekutanga remusanganiswa wemafuta.
2. Manozzles ane tsvina, zvichikonzera kumwaya zvisina kunaka. Iwe unogona kutarisa mwenje wejekiseni pane yakakosha kumira.
3. Kutsikirira kusina simba uye kunonoka kupisa, uye, maererano nekupisa.
4. Pressure valve yakavharwa. Zvadaro motokari ichashanda zvakaoma zvakakwana, uye kana iwe ukasunungura (pane injini inomhanya) nut yemutsara wemafuta unotungamirira kumuromo, ipapo kwete mafuta achabuda pasi payo, asi furo.

Paunenge uchitarisa uchitarisa chikamu chakaonda chekenduru (iyo iri mu prechamber), tarisa kuti isvibe, asi kwete nesimbi yakanyunguduka, uye isina kuputika. Nokuti kunyange ikashandawo, haizogara kwenguva refu, uye munguva pfupi iwe uchafanirwa kutarisa basa rayo zvakare.

Nenzira, kushanda kwakashata kwekenduru kunogona kuitika nekuda kwekusakwana kwekubatana nebhasi rekupa. Nekusimba kusina simba kwe nut nekuda kwekudengenyeka, inenge isina kuvharwa. Asi iwe haufanirwe kudhonza zvakanyanya, unogona kukuvadza electrode. Kazhinji makenduru anokuvadzwa nezviito zvisina basa kana achimonyorora / kumonyoroka. Hazvishamisi kuti zvisizvo torque zvikumbiro zvinogona kutungamira mukurasikirwa kwekumanikidza, uye vibration yavo inoparadza musimboti mune ceramic glow plugs.

Kupenya plugs - zvakakwana fragile, saka zvinokurudzirwa kuzvisunungura kubva muinjini yekupisa mukati chete kana kutsiva kuchidikanwa. Uyezve, kuomesa kunofanira kuitwa uchishandisa torque wrench, sezvo simba haifaniri kudarika 20 Nm. Round nuts yekugadzirisa tambo yemagetsi inosimbiswa chete nemaoko; kana hexagonal - ine kiyi (asi pasina kumanikidzwa). Kana iwe ukashandisa simba rakawanda, izvi zvinokanganisa gap (yakamanikana) pakati pesimbi kesi uye chubhu inopenya uye kenduru inotanga kupisa.

Kana zvese zviri pamusoro apa cheki zvakaratidza kuti makenduru ari muchimiro chakanakisa, asi kana akaiswa painjini yekupisa yemukati, haashande, saka iwe unofanirwa kuita wiring yemagetsi uye chinhu chekutanga kutanga ma fuse, sensors uye glow plug. relays.

Kutarisa iyo nguva relay uye sensors zviri nani kusiiwa kune nyanzvi. Izvo zvinofanirwa kuyeukwa kuti iyo yekudziya system inoshanda chete pane "inotonhora" yemukati injini yekupisa, iyo tembiricha isingapfuuri +60 ° C.

Maitiro ekuyedza iyo glow plug relay

Glow plug relay

Iyo dizeli inopenya plug relay chishandiso chinokwanisa kumisa spark plugs usati watanga injini yekupisa yemukati kuti udziye prechamber, iyo activation iyo, mushure mekutenderedza kiyi mune yekubatidza switch, inoperekedzwa nekunyatso kunzwika kudzvanya. Iyo pachayo haikwanise kusarudza iyo activation nguva, basa iri rinowira pakombuta, iyo inotumira chiratidzo zvinoenderana nezviratidzo zveinotonhorera sensor uye crankshaft sensor. Mirairo kubva kubhuroka inobvumidza iwe kuvhara nekuvhura dunhu.

Tarisa glow plug relay dhiziri mune chiitiko icho hapana hunhu hwekudzvanya. Asi kana iyo spiral light papaneti yamira kuvheneka, saka tanga waongorora fuse, wozotarisa tembiricha sensor.

Imwe neimwe relay ine akati wandei mapeya ekubatika (chimwe-chikamu 4, uye maviri-chikamu 8), sezvo paine 2 coil winding contacts uyezve 2 control contacts. Kana chiratidzo chikaiswa, macontacts anofanirwa kuvhara. Nehurombo, hapana kusarudzwa kwepasirese kwevanobatika pane relay dzemotokari dzakasiyana, kune imwe neimwe relay vanogona kuve vakasiyana. Naizvozvo, isu tichatsanangura muenzaniso wekusimbisa mune zvakajairika. Pamotokari zhinji dzedhiziri dziri murelay, madhiri anotenderedza anoratidzwa nenhamba 85 ne86, uye iwo anotonga ari 87, 30. Saka, kana magetsi akaiswa kune anotenderedza contacts, contacts 87 ne30 dzinofanira kuvhara. Uye, kuti utarise izvi, unofanirwa kubatanidza girobhu remwenje kumapini 86 uye 87, shandisa voltage kune kenduru relay. Chiedza chichavhenekera, zvinoreva kuti relay iri kushanda nemazvo, kana zvisiri, coil inogona kunge yakatsva. Relay hutano glow plugs, pamwe chete nemakenduru pachavo, unogona tarisa nemuongorori, nekuyera kushorwa (ini handizotauri zviratidzo zvakananga, nokuti zvinosiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nemuenzaniso), uye kana ohmmeter yakanyarara, ipapo coil inenge isina kurongeka.

Ndinovimba ruzivo urwu ruchakubatsira mukugadzirisa dambudziko rako, uye unogona kuona zviri nyore kuti ungatarise sei mapurugi anopenya einjini yako yedhiziri iwe pachako, uye kwete kubata sevhisi. Mushure mezvose, sezvauri kuona, cheki inogona kuitwa kwete chete nerubatsiro rwemuyedzi, asiwo neyakajairwa mwenje girobhu uye bhatiri, chaizvo mumaminitsi mashoma mukati meinjini yekupisa yemukati, pasina kuisunungura. kubva ku block.