Iyo otomatiki transmission inoshanda sei

Kutumira otomatiki kunobvumira injini yemotokari kushanda mukati mehupamhi hwekumhanya, kungofanana nekufambisa kwemanyorero. Sezvo injini inosvika madhigirii epamusoro e torque (torque huwandu hwesimba rekutenderera reinjini),…

Kutumira otomatiki kunobvumira injini yemotokari kushanda mukati mekati diki yekumhanya, kungofanana nekufambisa kwemanyorero. Sezvo injini inosvika pamazinga epamusoro e torque (torque isimba rekutenderera kweinjini), magiya ari mukufambisa anobvumira injini kuti itore mukana wakazara we torque yainogadzira ichichengetedza kumhanya kwakakodzera.

Yakakosha sei kutapurirana kuita kwemotokari? Pasina kutapurirana, mota dzine giya rimwe chete, zvinotora nekusingaperi kuti isvike kumhanya kwepamusoro, uye injini inopera nekukurumidza nekuda kweiyo RPM yakakwira inogara ichigadzira.

Nheyo yekutumira otomatiki

Iyo musimboti wekushanda kweiyo otomatiki kutapurirana yakavakirwa pakushandiswa kwemasensor kuona yakakodzera giya reshiyo, iyo inonyanya kuenderana nekumhanya kwemotokari kwaunoda. Iyo dhizaini inobatanidza kune injini mubhero reimba, uko torque inoshandura inoshandura torque yeinjini kuita simba rekutyaira, uye mune dzimwe nguva inotowedzera iro simba. Iyo yekuchinjisa torque inoshandura inoita izvi nekuendesa iro simba kune driveshaft kuburikidza neplanetary giya uye clutch discs, iyo inozobvumira mavhiri emotokari kuti atenderere kuti aenderere mberi, aine magiya akasiyana anodiwa kumhanya kwakasiyana. Zvichienderana nemhando uye modhi, idzi idzoru-mavhiri, kumberi-mavhiri uye mota dzese-mavhiri.

Kana mota yaingova negiya rimwe chete kana maviri, kusvika pakumhanya kwakakwirira kwaizova dambudziko nekuti injini inongotenderera pane imwe RPM zvichienderana negiya. Izvi zvinoreva kudzika revs kune yakaderera magiya uye saka yakaderera kumhanya. Kana iyo giya repamusoro raive rechipiri, zvaizotora mota nekusingaperi kuti ikurumidze kudzika rpm, zvishoma nezvishoma ichisimuka sezvo mota yaisimudza kumhanya. Injini yekushushikana inovawo dambudziko kana ichimhanya pakakwirira rpm kwenguva yakareba.

Ichishandisa mamwe magiya anoshanda pamwe chete, mota inotora zvishoma nezvishoma kumhanya sezvainochinja kuenda kumagiya akakwirira. Apo motokari inopinda mumagetsi akakwirira, rpm inoderera, iyo inoderedza mutoro pajini. Iwo akasiyana magiya anomiririrwa negiya reshiyo (inova chiyero chegiya mune ese saizi uye nhamba yemeno). Iwo magiya madiki anotenderera nekukurumidza kupfuura magiya akakura, uye chinzvimbo chegiya chega chega (kutanga kusvika matanhatu mune dzimwe nguva) chinoshandisa magiya akasiyana ehukuru hwakasiyana uye nhamba dzemeno kuwana kukurumidza kukwirisa.

Chinotonhorera chekufambisa chakakosha pakutakura mitoro inorema nekuti mutoro unorema unoisa kushushikana kweinjini, zvichiita kuti imhanye kupisa uye kupisa mvura yekufambisa. Iyo inotonhorera yekutapurirana iri mukati meradiyeta umo inobvisa kupisa kubva kune inotapurirana fluid. Fluid inofamba nemumachubhu muinotonhorera ichitonhodza muradiyeta kuitira kuti kutapurirana kugare kuchitonhorera uye kugone kubata mitoro yepamusoro.

Chii chinoshandiswa ne torque converter

Iyo torque inoshandura inowanza uye inotamisa torque inogadzirwa neinjini yemotokari uye inoifambisa kuburikidza nemagiya ari mukufambisa kune mavhiri ekutyaira pakupera kwedhiraivha shaft. Mamwe ma torque anoshandura anoitawo sechivharo chekuvhara, kubatanidza injini uye kutapurirana kana uchimhanya nekumhanya kwakafanana. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira kutapurirana kutsvedza zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwehunyanzvi.

Iyo torque inoshandura inogona kutora imwe yemafomu maviri. Yekutanga, iyo fluid coupling, inoshandisa kanenge kaviri-chidimbu dhiraivha kuendesa torque kubva pakutakurwa kuenda kune drive shaft, asi haina kuwedzera torque. Iyo hydraulic clutch, inoshandiswa seimwe nzira kune mechaniki clutch, inoendesa injini torque kumavhiri kuburikidza ne driveshaft. Imwe, iyo torque inoshandura, inoshandisa zvinokwana zvinhu zvitatu muhuwandu, uye dzimwe nguva zvimwe, kuwedzera torque inobuda kubva mukutapurirana. Iyo inoshandura inoshandisa nhevedzano yevane uye reactor kana stator vanes kuwedzera torque, zvichikonzera simba rakawanda. Iyo stator kana static vanes inoshanda kutungamira iyo yekutapurirana fluid isati yasvika pombi, zvakanyanya kunatsiridza kugona kweshanduko.

Kushanda kwemukati kwegiya renyika

Kuziva kuti zvikamu zveotomatiki kutapurirana zvinoshanda sei pamwechete zvinogona kunyatso kuzviisa zvese mumaonero. Kana iwe ukatarisa mukati meiyo otomatiki kutapurirana, kuwedzera kune akasiyana mabhandi, mahwendefa uye giya pombi, giya repuraneti ndiro chikamu chikuru. Iri giya rine giya rezuva, giya repuraneti, mutakuri wegiya repuraneti uye giya remhete. Giya repuraneti rinenge saizi ye cantaloupe rinogadzira akasiyana giya reshiyo inodiwa nekutapurirana kuti uwane kumhanya kunodiwa kuenda kumberi uchityaira, pamwe nekuita reverse.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzegiya dzinoshanda pamwe chete, dzichiita sekupinza kana kubuda kweiyo chaiyo giya reshiyo inodiwa chero nguva. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, magiya haabatsiri mune imwe chiyero uye saka anoramba akamira, aine mabhandi mukati mekutapurirana achiabata kunze kwenzira kusvika adiwa. Imwe mhando yechitima chegiya, iyo inosanganiswa yepuraneti giya, inosanganisira maviri seti ezuva uye magiya epuraneti, kunyangwe giya rimwe chete remhete. Chinangwa cherudzi urwu rwechitima chegiya ndechekupa torque munzvimbo diki, kana kuwedzera simba rese remota, senge murori rinorema.

Chidzidzo chegiya

Ipo injini iri kushanda, kufambisa kunopindura kune chero giya rine mutyairi parizvino. MuPaki kana Neutral, kutapurirana hakuite nekuti mota hadzidi torque kana mota isiri kufamba. Mota zhinji dzine magiya ekutyaira akasiyana anobatsira kana uchienda kumberi, kubva pagiya rekutanga kusvika rechina.

Mota dzinoshanda dzinenge dziine mamwe magiya, anosvika matanhatu, zvichienderana nekugadzirwa uye modhi. Iyo yakaderera giya, iyo yakaderera kukurumidza. Dzimwe mota, kunyanya marori epakati uye anorema, anoshandisa overdrive kubatsira kuchengetedza kumhanya kwakanyanya uye zvakare kupa hupfumi huri nani.

Chekupedzisira, mota dzinoshandisa reverse giya kutyaira nereverse. Mugiya rereverse, rimwe remagiya madiki rinobatikana negiya hombe repuraneti, pane kupesana kana richienda kumberi.

Mashandisiro anoita gearbox maclutches nemabhendi

Pamusoro pezvo, iyo otomatiki kutapurirana inoshandisa maclutches nemabhandi kuti ibatsire kusvika kune akasiyana giya reshiyo inodiwa, kusanganisira overdrive. Mabatiro anouya mukuita kana zvikamu zvemapuraneti zvakabatana kune mumwe nemumwe, uye mabhandi anobatsira kuchengetedza magiya akamira kuitira kuti arege kutenderera zvisina kufanira. Iwo mabhendi, anofambiswa nema hydraulic pistons mukati mekutapurirana, anogadzirisa zvikamu zvechitima chegiya. Iwo ma hydraulic cylinders uye pistons zvakare anobata maclutches, achivamanikidza kuti abatanidze magiya anodiwa kune yakapihwa giya reshiyo nekumhanya.

Iyo clutch discs iri mukati meiyo clutch dhiramu mukutapurirana uye inochinjana nesimbi discs pakati. Clutch discs nenzira yemadhisiki inoruma mumatare esimbi nekuda kwekushandiswa kweiyo yakakosha kupfeka. Panzvimbo pokukuvadza mahwendefa, madhisiki acho zvishoma nezvishoma, achiashandisa zvishoma nezvishoma simba rinobva raendeswa kumavhiri emotokari.

Clutch discs uye simbi ndiro inzvimbo yakajairika uko kutsvedza kunoitika. Pakupedzisira, kutsvedza uku kunokonzeresa simbi machipi kuti apinde mune yakasara yekufambisa uye pakupedzisira kukonzera kutapurirana kutadza. A makanika anoongorora kutapurirana kana mota iine matambudziko nekutapurirana kutsvedza.

Hydraulic pombi, mavharuvhu uye regulator

Asi iro "chaiyo" simba rinobva kupi mune otomatiki kutapurirana? Simba rechokwadi riri muma hydraulics akavakwa mudzimba dzekutakura, kusanganisira pombi, mavharuvhu akasiyana-siyana uye regulator. Iyo pombi inodhonza mvura yekutapurirana kubva kune sump iri pazasi pekutapurirana uye inoendesa kune iyo hydraulic system kuti iite ma clutches nemabhendi arimo. Mukuwedzera, iyo yemukati giya yepombi yakabatana kune yekunze casing yeiyo torque inoshandura. Izvi zvinoita kuti itenderere nekumhanya kwakafanana neinjini yemotokari. Iyo yekunze giya yepombi inotenderera zvinoenderana negiya remukati, ichibvumira pombi kudhonza mvura kubva kune sump kune rimwe divi uye kuidyisa kune iyo hydraulic system kune rimwe divi.

Gavhuna anogadzirisa kutapurirana nekuitaurira kumhanya kwemota. Iyo regulator, iyo ine chitubu-yakatakura vharafu, inovhura zvakanyanya nekukurumidza mota inofamba. Izvi zvinobvumira kutapurirana ma hydraulics kupfuudza mvura yakawanda nekumhanya kwakanyanya. Kutumira otomatiki kunoshandisa imwe yemhando mbiri dzemidziyo, vharafu remanyorero kana vacuum modulator, kuona kuoma kweinjini, kuwedzera kumanikidza sezvinodiwa uye kudzima mamwe magiya zvichienderana nereshiyo iri kushandiswa.

Nekuchengetedza kwakakodzera kwekutapurirana, varidzi vemotokari vanogona kutarisira kuti igare hupenyu hwemotokari. Iyo yakasimba kwazvo sisitimu, otomatiki dhiraivha inoshandisa akawanda akasiyana mativi, anosanganisira torque converter, magiya epuraneti, uye clutch dhiramu, kupa simba kumavhiri emotokari, ichiichengeta iri kumhanya kwaunoda.

Kana iwe uine matambudziko neiyo otomatiki kutapurirana, iva nemakanika rubatsiro kuchengetedza iyo fluid level, iongorore iyo kukuvara, uye kugadzirisa kana kuitsiva kana zvichidikanwa.

Matambudziko Akajairwa uye Zviratidzo zveOtomatiki Transmission Matambudziko

Mamwe ematambudziko akajairika ane chekuita nekutadza kutapurirana anosanganisira:

• Kushaikwa kwemhinduro kana kuzeza kana uchichinja mugiya. Izvi zvinowanzoratidza kutsvedza mukati megiya bhokisi.
• Iyo gearbox inoita ruzha rwakasiyana-siyana rusinganzwisisike, clanks uye hums. Ita kuti makanika atarise mota yako painoita ruzha urwu kuti aone kuti dambudziko nderei.
• Kubuda kwemvura kunoratidza dambudziko rakakura uye makanika anofanira kugadzirisa dambudziko nekukurumidza. Transmission fluid haitsva semafuta einjini. Kuve nehuwandu hwemvura huchiongororwa nguva dzose ne mechanic kunogona kubatsira kugadzirisa dambudziko risati raitika.
• Kunhuhwirira kunopisa, kunyanya kubva kunzvimbo yekutapurirana, kunogona kuratidza kuderera kwakanyanya kwemvura. Transmission fluid inodzivirira magiya uye zvikamu zvekutapurirana kubva pakupisa.
• Iyo Cheki Engine mwenje inogona zvakare kuratidza dambudziko neiyo otomatiki kutapurirana. Ita mechanic mhanyisa diagnostics kuti uwane iro chairo dambudziko.