Iyo clutch inoshanda sei mumotokari uye kuti ungaitarisa sei?

Chii chinonzi clutch?

Chikonzero chekufamba kwemota iri muinjini yayo, zvakanyanya, mune torque iyo inogadzira. Iyo clutch ndiyo nzira yekufambisa iyo ine basa rekufambisa nguva ino kubva kumota yemotokari kuenda kumavhiri ayo kuburikidza negiya bhokisi.

Iyo clutch yakavakirwa muchimiro chemuchina pakati pegiya bhokisi uye mota. Inosanganisira zvinhu zvakadai se:

• maviri drive discs - flywheel uye clutch basket;
• imwe inofambiswa disk - clutch disk ine pini;
• kupinza shaft negiya;
• yechipiri shaft ine gear;
• kusunungura kutakura;
• clutch pedal.

Clutch inoshanda sei mumotokari?

Iyo dhisiki yekutyaira - iyo flywheel - yakanyatsoiswa mu crankshaft yeinjini. Iyo clutch tswanda, zvakare, inosungirirwa kune flywheel. Iyo clutch disc inotsikirirwa pamusoro peiyo flywheel nekuda kweiyo diaphragm spring, iyo yakashongedzerwa ne clutch basket.

Kana mota yatangwa, injini inomutsa kutenderera kwe crankshaft uye, zvinoenderana, iyo flywheel. Iyo yekupinza shaft yegiya bhokisi inoiswa kuburikidza nekubereka mu clutch basket, flywheel uye inotyairwa dhisiki. Kutenderera hakufambiswe zvakananga kubva kuflywheel kuenda kune shaft yekupinza. Kuti uite izvi, pane dhisiki inofambiswa mu clutch dhizaini, iyo inotenderera ne shaft panguva imwechete uye inofamba ichienda mberi uye mberi.

Nzvimbo iyo magiya ekutanga uye echipiri shafts asina mesh kune mumwe nemumwe anonzi kwaakarerekera. Mune chinzvimbo ichi, mota inogona kungokunguruka kana mugwagwa wakatenuka, asi kwete kutyaira. Nzira yekuendesa sei kutenderera kune yechipiri shaft, iyo inogadzirisa zvisina kunanga mavhiri mukufamba? Izvi zvinogona kuitwa uchishandisa clutch pedal uye gearbox.

Achishandisa pedal, mutyairi anoshandura nzvimbo ye disc pane shaft. Inoshanda seizvi: kana mutyairi achidzvanya clutch pedal, iyo inoburitsa inotsikirira pa diaphragm - uye clutch discs yakavhurika. Iyo shaft yekupinza mune iyi kesi inomira. Mushure mezvo, mutyairi anofambisa lever pa gearbox uye anobatidza sipidhi. Panguva ino, iyo yekuisa shaft giya mesh ine inobuda shaft magiya. Iye zvino mutyairi anotanga kuburitsa zvakanaka clutch pedal, achidzvanya disc inofambiswa ichipokana neflywheel. Uye sezvo shaft yekupinza yakabatana nedhisiki inofambiswa, inotangawo kutenderera. Kutenda kune meshing pakati pemagiya e shafts, kutenderera kunoendeswa kumavhiri. Nenzira iyi, injini yakabatana nemavhiri, uye motokari inotanga kufamba. Kana mota yave kutomhanya kuzere, unogona kusunungura zvizere clutch. Kana iwe ukawedzera gasi munzvimbo iyi, injini inomhanya ichasimuka, uye pamwe navo kumhanya kwemotokari.

Zvisinei, clutch inodiwa kwete chete kuti motokari itange uye iwedzere. Iwe haugone kuita pasina iyo kana braking. Kuti umire, unoda kusvina clutch uye zvinyoronyoro shandisa brake pedal. Mushure mokumira, bvisa gear uye usunungure clutch. Panguva imwecheteyo, mubasa re clutch, maitiro anoitika anopesana neaya akaitika pakutanga kwekufamba.

Iyo yekushanda kweiyo flywheel uye clutch basket yakagadzirwa nesimbi, uye iyo ye clutch disc inogadzirwa neyakasiyana friction zvinhu. Icho chinhu ichi chinopa disc slip uye inobvumira kuti itsvedze pakati peflywheel uye clutch basket kana mutyairi akabata clutch pakutanga kwekufamba. Iko kuvonga kune kutsvedza kwema discs kuti mota inotanga zvakanaka.

Kana mutyairi achinge aburitsa clutch, tswanda inobva yadzvanya dhisiki rinofambiswa, uye injini haina nguva yekutangisa mota uye kutanga kufamba nekukurumidza. Naizvozvo, injini inomira. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kune vatyairi vekutanga vasati vaona chinzvimbo che clutch pedal. Uye ane pfungwa huru nhatu:

• kumusoro - kana mutyairi asingaitsikiri;
• yakaderera - kana mutyairi akanyatsoisvina kunze, uye inozorora pasi;
• pakati - kushanda - apo mutyairi anosunungura zvinyoronyoro pedal, uye clutch disc inosangana neflywheel.

Kana iwe ukakanda clutch nekumhanya kwakanyanya, ipapo mota inotanga kufamba nekutsvedza. Uye kana iwe ukaichengeta muhafu-yakasvinwa nzvimbo apo motokari ichangotanga kufamba, uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera gasi, ipapo kuputika kwedhisiki inofambiswa pamusoro pesimbi ye flywheel ichave yakanyanya. Muchiitiko ichi, kufamba kwemotokari kunoperekedzwa nekunhuhwirira kusingafadzi, uye zvino vanoti clutch "inopisa". Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kukurumidza kupfeka kwenzvimbo dzekushanda.

Iyo clutch inoita sei uye chii?

Iyo clutch inorongedzerwa zvinoenderana neakawanda anoshanda zvishandiso. Zvinoenderana nekubatana kwezvinhu zvinongoitika uye zvinoshanda, iwo anotevera mapoka emanodhi anosiyaniswa:

• Hydraulic.
• Electromagnetic.
• Friction.

Mune hydraulic version, basa rinoitwa nekuyerera kwekumiswa kwakakosha. Kubatana kwakafanana kunoshandiswa mune otomatiki magiya mabhokisi.

1 - dura re hydraulic drive yekubatanidza / iyo huru brake silinda; 2 - mvura yekupa hose; 3 - vacuum brake booster; 4 - guruva cap; 5 - brake servo bracket; 6 - clutch pedal; 7 - kubuda ropa kwevhavha ye clutch master cylinder; 8 - clutch master cylinder; 9 - nut yekusungirirwa kweruoko rwehumburumbira huru yekubatanidza; 10 - kubatanidza pombi; 11 - pipeline; 12 - gasket; 13 - kutsigira; 14 - bushing; 15 - gasket; 16 - yakakodzera kubuda ropa iyo clutch muranda silinda; 17 - clutch muranda humburumbira; 18 - nuts yekusungira bhakiti ye cylinder inoshanda; 19 - clutch housing; 20 - flexible hose coupling; 21 - flexible hose

Electromagnetic. Magnetic flux inoshandiswa kutyaira. Yakaiswa pamotokari diki.

Frictional kana hunhu. Kuendeswa kwekukurumidza kunoitwa nekuda kwesimba rekupokana. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa mhando yemotokari ine bhuku rekutumira.

1.* Zviyero zvekunongedza. 2. Kusimbisa torque ye crankcase mounting bolts 3. The clutch disengagement drive yemotokari inofanira kupa: 1. Clutch movement kuti ibvise clutch 2. Axial simba painopinza mhete kana clutch isati yabviswa 4. Mukuona A-A, iyo clutch uye gearbox casing haina kuratidzwa.

 Nemhando yekusika. Muchikamu ichi, marudzi anotevera ekubatanidza anosiyaniswa:

• centrifugal;
• chikamu centrifugal;
• nechitubu chikuru
• ine peripheral spirals.

Maererano nehuwandu hwemashafts anofambiswa, pane:

• Single disk. Rudzi rwakanyanya.
• Double disk. Inomiswa pakutakura zvinhu kana mabhazi ane simba rakasimba.
• Multidisk. Inoshandiswa mumidhudhudhu.

Dhiraivha mhando. Zvinoenderana nechikamu cheiyo clutch drive, iwo akaiswa mu:

• Mechanical. Ipa kuchinjisa kwesimba paunenge uchidzvanya lever kuburikidza netambo kuenda kune yekuburitsa forogo.
• Hydraulic. Dzinosanganisira huru uye yevaranda cylinders ye clutch, iyo yakabatanidzwa nepamusoro-soro tube. Kana iyo pedal yakamanikidzwa, tsvimbo yekiyi cylinder inoshandiswa, iyo piston iripo. Mukupindura, inodzvanya pane inomhanya mvura uye inogadzira muchina unotumirwa kune huru silinda.

Iko kune zvakare electromagnetic mhando yekubatanidza, asi nhasi haisati yashandiswa muinjiniya yemechani nekuda kwekugadzirisa kunodhura.

Ungaongorora sei batira basa?

4 speed test. Kune mota dzine manyorerwo ekufambisa, pane imwe nzira yakapusa yaunogona kuona nayo kuti bhuku rekutumira clutch rakakundikana zvishoma. Kuverengwa kweyejasi speedometer uye tachometer yemotokari iri padashibhodhi yakakwana.

Usati watarisa, unofanirwa kutsvaga mugwagwa wakatsetseka une nzvimbo yakatsetseka inenge kiromita imwe kureba. Ichada kufambiswa nemotokari. Iyo clutch slip cheki algorithm yakaita seiyi:

• mhanyisa mota kusvika kugiya rechina uye kumhanya kweanenge 60 km / h;
• wobva wamira kumhanyisa, bvisa tsoka yako kubva pagasi pedal uye rega mota ichidzike;
• apo motokari inotanga "kudzipwa", kana kumhanya kweanenge 40 km / h, kupa zvakanyanya gasi;
• panguva yekukurumidza, zvinodikanwa kunyatsoongorora kuverenga kweiyo speedometer uye tachometer.

Neclutch yakanaka, miseve yezviridzwa zviviri zvakaratidzwa ichaenda kurudyi synchronously. Kureva, nekuwedzera kweinjini kumhanya, kumhanya kwemotokari kuchawedzerawo, iyo inertia ichave shoma uye nekuda kwehunyanzvi hunhu hweinjini (simba rayo uye uremu hwemotokari).

Kana ma clutch discs akasakara zvakanyanya, ipapo panguva yaunodzvanya gasi pedal, pachava nekuwedzera kwakasimba kweinjini kumhanya uye simba, izvo, zvisinei, hazvizoendeswe kumavhiri. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kumhanya kuchawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Izvi zvicharatidzwa mukuti miseve ye speedometer uye tachometer inoenda kurudyi kunze kwekuenderana. Mukuwedzera, panguva yekuwedzera kwakanyanya kweinjini kumhanya, muridzo unonzwika kubva pairi.

Cheki yebhureki remaoko. Iyo yakaratidzwa bvunzo nzira inogona chete kuitwa kana ruoko (yekupaka) brake yakanyatsogadziriswa. Inofanira kunyatsogadziriswa uye kunyatsogadzirisa mavhiri kumashure. Iyo clutch mamiriro ekutarisa algorithm ichave inotevera:

• isa mota pahandbrake;
• tanga injini;
• dzvanya clutch pedal uye shandisa giya rechitatu kana rechina;
• edza kusuduruka, ndiko kuti, pinda gasi chitiviri uye kusunungura chinobatirira chitiviri.

Kana panguva imwe chete injini inoputika uye matanda, saka zvinhu zvose zvakarongeka ne clutch. Kana injini ichimhanya, ipapo pane kupfeka pane clutch discs. Madhisiki haagone kudzoserwa uye kana kugadzirisa kwechinzvimbo chavo kana kutsiva kwakazara kweseti yese kunodiwa.

Zviratidzo zvekunze. Kushanda kweclutch kunogonawo kutongwa zvisina kunanga kana mota ichifamba, kunyanya, kukwira kana pasi pemutoro. Kana iyo clutch ichitsvedza, saka kune mukana wepamusoro wekunhuhwirira kunopisa mukamuri, iyo ichauya kubva mubhasikiti. Chimwe chiratidzo chisina kunanga kurasikirwa kwesimba rinoita hunhu hwemuchina panguva yekumhanyisa uye / kana kana uchityaira uchikwidza.

Iyo clutch "inotungamira". Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, izwi rekuti "inotungamira" rinoreva kuti tenzi weclutch uye madhisiki anofambiswa haasiyane zvizere kana pedal yakaora mwoyo. Sekutonga, izvi zvinoperekedzwa nezvinetso paunenge uchibatidza / kushandura magiya mune dhizaini yekufambisa. Panguva imwecheteyo, kusingafadzi kurira uye kurira kunonzwika kubva mubhokisi regiya. Iyo clutch bvunzo mune iyi kesi ichaitwa zvinoenderana neinotevera algorithm:

• tanga injini uye uisiye isina basa;
• kudzvinyirira zvizere clutch pedal;
• shandisa giya rekutanga.

Kana iyo gearshift lever yakaiswa pasina matambudziko pachigaro chakakodzera, maitiro haatore simba rakawanda uye haaperekedzwe nerattle - izvo zvinoreva kuti clutch "haitungamiri". Kana zvisina kudaro, pane mamiriro ezvinhu apo disc haina kurega kubva kune flywheel, iyo inotungamirira kumatambudziko anotsanangurwa pamusoro apa. Ndapota cherechedza kuti kuparara kwakadaro kunogona kutungamirira kukukundikana kwakakwana kwete kwete chete clutch, asiwo kutungamirira kune kusashanda kwebhokisi regiya. Iwe unogona kubvisa kuparara kwakatsanangurwa nekupomba iyo hydraulics kana kugadzirisa clutch pedal.