Maitiro ekuisa gudzazwi mumota

Car gudzazwi

Kune vatyairi vazhinji, ruzha uye mhando yepamusoro ndeimwe yesarudzo dzakakosha mumotokari nyaradzo system. Kakawanda vatyairi vatyairi kutenga redhiyo tepi rekodhi, vakaodzwa mwoyo musimba rayo, kunyange hazvo kurongedza kwacho kune masipika anoputika. Vamwe vanhu vanoedza kugadzirisa dambudziko nekutenga maspika ane simba, asi iro vhoriyamu rinova rakaderera.

Muchokwadi, chikonzero ndechekuti iro rinoburitsa simba remusoro wechikwata harikwani kuita kuti masipika ari mumota aridze zvakanyanya. Kugadzirisa dambudziko, gudzazwi rakabatana neiyo odhiyo sisitimu. Ngationei kuti zvinoshanda sei, zvavari, uyezve kuti ungaibatanidza sei nenzira kwayo.

Technical specifications

Pamusoro pekusiyana kwemutengo, ma amplififi emota anosiyana kubva kune mumwe kune mamwe maparamende. Aya ndiwo maitiro akakosha ekusarudza mama amplifaya emota.

Nehuwandu hwematanho:

• 1-chiteshi. Iyi monoblock, iri yakapusa mhando gudzazwi. Inowanzo shandiswa kubatanidza subwoofer. Kune maviri marudzi emonoblocks. Yekutanga ndiAB. Uku ndiko kushomeka kwesimba-simba iro rakabatanidzwa neiyo imwechete-ohm subwoofer. Iko kunakirwa kwemhando yakadaro ndeyekuti kurira kune simba rakaringana, asi panguva imwechete hushoma hwehupenyu hwebhatiri hunoshandiswa. Rudzi rwechipiri ikirasi D. Inogona kutoshanda nema amplifaya kubva kune imwe kusvika ina ohms.
• 2-chiteshi. Iyi nongedzo inoshandiswa kubatanidza imwe yekushambadzira mhando subwoofer (inotsigira mutoro usingasvike maviri ohms) kana maviri maspika ane simba. Iyi gudzazwi inoita kuti zvikwanisike kuwedzera mushe masekonzi.
• 3-chiteshi. Iko kushandurwa hakuwanzo. Muchokwadi, iyi yakafanana maviri-chiteshi gudzazwi, iyi chete modhi inokutendera kuti ubatanidze imwe mono uye ma stereo maviri.
• 4-chiteshi. Zvimwe zvakajairika mukuita. Muchokwadi, aya maviri maviri-chiteshi gudzazwi, akaunganidzwa kuita muviri mumwe. Chinangwa chikuru chekushandurwa uku kushandura chinhanho chemagetsi kumberi uye zvakasiyana pamatauri ekumashure. Simba rema amplifaya akadaro anosvika ku100W pachiteshi. Muridzi wemota anogona kubatanidza 4 maspika kana, achishandisa nzira yebhiriji, maviri subwoofers.
• 5-chiteshi. Sekufunga kunonzwisisika, shanduko iyi inoshandiswa kubatanidza maspika mana ane simba uye imwe subwoofer (kuburikidza ne mono chiteshi).
• 6-chiteshi. Iyo inodhura kupfuura vamwe vayo nekuda kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzeacoustics yekubatanidza sarudzo. Vamwe vanobatanidza vatauri vatanhatu. Vamwe - 6 vatauri uye bridged subwoofer. Mumwe munhu anoda gudzazwi kuti abatanidze matatu subwoofers (kana achibhiridhwa).

Nehunyanzvi uye nekukanganisa kwechiratidzo chezwi:

• A-kirasi. Iine kushomeka kushomeka kwechiratidzo cheodhiyo uye zvakare inogadzira yakanakisa mhando yemhando. Chaizvoizvo, emhando yepamusoro gudzazwi inoenderana nekirasi iyi. Izvo chete zvinokanganisa ndezvekuti vane yakaderera kushanda (yakanyanya 25 muzana), uye zvakare vanorasikirwa nemasaini esimba. Nekuda kwekukanganisa uku uye nemutengo wakakwira, kirasi iyi haiwanzo kuwanikwa pamusika.
• B -kirasi. Kana iri danho rekutsauka, iro rakaderera zvishoma, asi simba remagudziri akadaro rinoshanda. Vashoma vanoda mimhanzi vanosarudza ma amplifaya akadaro nekuda kwekusachena kwekunzwika.
• AV kirasi. Inowanikwa mune eodhiyo masystem zvakanyanya kazhinji, nekuti ma amplifaya akadaro anopa huwandu hwepakati kurira, simba rakaringana remasaini, kukanganisa kwakadzika, uye kugona kuri padanho re50 muzana. Kazhinji ivo vanotengwa kuti vabatanidze subwoofer, iro rakanyanya simba riri 600W. Usati watenga, zvakakosha kufunga kuti shanduko yakadaro ichave nehukuru hwakakura.
• D-kirasi. Aya maampu anoshanda nemasaini edhijitari. Hunhu hwavo kukura kwavo kwakabatana pamwe nesimba rakakwira. Panguva imwecheteyo, iro danho rekutsauswa kwechiratidzo rakaderera, asi mhando yemutinhiro inotambura. Kunonyanyisa kunyatsoshanda okunatsiridza akadai 98 muzana.

Uye heano mamwe maitiro ekufunga kana uchisarudza chigadziri chitsva:

1. Simba. Iyo yekuraira yekushandisa kwechigadzirwa inogona kuratidza iyo yepamusoro kana yepamusoro simba pamwe neayo mazita ezita. Muchiitiko chekutanga, iyi data haina kukanganisa mhando yeruzha munzira ipi neipi. Zvakangodaro, iko kusimbisa kuri pachikamu ichi kuitira kukwezva vatengi vakawanda. Zvirinani kutarisa pane iro rakatemwa simba.
2. Chiratidzo kune Ruzha Ratio (S / N Ratio). Iyo gudzazwi inogadzira imwe huwandu hweruzha rwemashure panguva yekushanda. Iyi paramende inoratidza kuti chiratidzo chakaburitswa chakasimba zvakadii kupfuura ruzha rwekumashure kubva kumagudzazwi. Kirasi D mota zvinowedzera simba zvine huwandu hwe60 kusvika 80 dB. Kirasi AB inoratidzwa nenhanho ye90-100. Chiyero chakanakira i110dB.
3. THD (Harmonic Kutsauka). Iyi ndiyo nhanho yekutsauka iyo inogadzira gudzazwi. Iyi paramende inokanganisa kuburitsa odhiyo. Iyo yakakwira iyo reshiyo, iyo yakaderera iyo mhando yemhando. Muganhu weiyi paramende yekirasi D amplifiers imwe muzana. Kirasi AB mamodheru ane chiyero cheisingasviki 0.1%
4. Damping Chinhu. Damping Factor ndeye coefficient inoratidza kudyidzana pakati pe amp & maspika. Panguva yekushanda, maspika anoburitsa kudedera, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakashata ruzha. Iyo gudzazwi inowedzera kuora kweaya oscillations. Iyo yakakwira mamiriro, iyo yakajeka ruzha ichave. Zvemabhadhibhi zvinowedzera, coefficient kubva pa200 kusvika ku300 ine hunhu, vepakati boka vane coefficient pamusoro pe500, uye premium mhando - pamusoro pe1000. Mamwe anodhura mota maamplifaya ane mwero weiyi coefficient inosvika 4000.
5. Hi-Chikamu Kuisa Iyi paramende yekuwedzera iyo inokutendera kuti ubatanidze kumaredhiyo asina kushongedzwa nemutsetse-kunze. Uchishandisa izvi zvinowedzera zvinokanganisa, asi zvakare zvinokutendera iwe kuti ubatanidze uchishandisa zvakajairika tambo tambo panzvimbo peanonyanya kudhura maumboni.
6. Yakadzika-kupfuura firita (LPF). Iyo gudzazwi iyo subwoofer yakabatana inofanirwa kuve yakagadzirirwa iyi firita. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti inokwanisa kufambisa chiratidzo ine frequency yakaderera pane iyo cutoff. Kukosha kwayo kunofanirwa kuve 80-150Hz. Iyi firita inokutendera iwe kunongedza mabass kurira kune yakakodzera mutauri (subwoofer).
7. Yakakwira-pasa firita (HPF). Masipika epamberi neshure akabatana neiyi gudzazwi. Sefa iyi inongodarika chiratidzo ine frequency yakakwira kupfuura iyo cutoff. Iyi parameter mune acoustics ine subwoofer inofanira kunge ichibva pa80 kusvika ku150Hz, uye mune analogue nevatauri chete - kubva pa50 kusvika 60Hz. Iyi firita inodzivirira yakakwira-frequency maspika kubva mukukuvara kwechimakanisi ne yakaderera-frequency chiratidzo - haina kuenda kwavari.
8. Bridge Mode inoshanda. Ichi chimiro chinokutendera iwe kuti uwedzere zvakanyanya iro simba reyero ye amp amp nekubatanidza magero maviri kuita rimwe. Iyi modhi inoshandiswa mumatauri akashongedzerwa ne subwoofer. Muchiitiko ichi, zvakakosha kufunga nezve paramende yekupokana nemutoro. Inofananidzwa nemutoro uri mugero, iyi paramende yakanyanya kukwirira nekubatana kwebridho, saka, usati wabatanidza zvishandiso, zvakakosha kuti utarise chiyero chemitoro ye amplifera uye subwoofer.

Nei uchida gudzazwi

Zita rechishandiso rinotaura pacharo. Zvisinei, hazviiti chete kuti ruzha kubva kumatauri ruzha. Iyo inokutendera iwe kuendesa iyo siginecha neiri nani mhando, kuitira kuti kana uchitamba kuburikidza nemudziyo uyu, iwe unokwanisa kunzwa musiyano mune akanaka akaenzana maseturu.

Kune vanoda bass mimhanzi, subwoofer inogona kubatanidzwa kune chishandiso. Uye kana iwe ukabatanidza crossover kune odhiyo system, unogona kunakidzwa neruzha munzvimbo dzese pasina kupisa masipika emagetsi akasiyana. Imwe yekuwedzera capacitor mudhiyo redhiyo wedunhu haibvumidze iwo mabass kuti "anyure" panguva yepamusoro mutoro pane yakasarudzika chiteshi.

Idzi dzese node dzakakosha pakuendesa kwemhando yepamusoro inzwi. Asi hazvishande nemazvo kana ukasavapa chiratidzo chakasimba. Iri chete basa rinoitwa ne auto gudzazwi.

Iyo gudzazwi inoshanda sei

Mota amplifiers ese ane zvinhu zvitatu.

1. Input. Inogamuchira chiratidzo cheodhiyo kubva kune tepi rekodhi. Chigadziro chega chega chinogumira kwete chete nesimba rekubuditsa, asiwo nesimba rechiratidzo chekuisa. Kana iri yepamusoro kupfuura kunzwisisika kwenzvimbo yekuisa, ipapo mimhanzi ichamonyaniswa mumatauri. Naizvozvo, kana uchisarudza chishandiso, zvakakosha kuti utarise kuenderana kwemasaini pane zvinobuda pawairesi uye pane zvinowedzerwa kumusimudziri - angave ari mune imwechete nhanho.
2. Magetsi. Chikwata ichi chakashongedzwa nechinoshandura kuti chiwedzere iwo magetsi anopiwa kubva kubhatiri. Sezvo chiratidzo cheodhiyo chakasiyana, iwo magetsi ari mune mutauri magetsi magetsi system inofanirwawo kuve yakanaka uye isina kunaka. Iyo yakakura mutsauko muzviratidzo izvi, iyo inowedzera simba rekusimudzira richava. Heino muenzaniso. Kana iyo magetsi ichipa 50V (+ 25V uye -25V), saka kana uchishandisa maspika ane kuramba kwe4 Ohm, iro simba hombe rekusimudzira richava 625 W (iyo mraba yemagetsi 2500V yakakamurwa nekupokana kwe4 Ohm). Izvi zvinoreva kuti iwo musiyano mukuru mumagetsi emagetsi, inowedzera simba.
3. Kubuda. Mune ino node, chiratidzo chakashandurwa odhiyo inogadzirwa uye inopihwa kune maspika. Iyo yakagadzirirwa ma transistors ane simba anodzima uye kudzima zvichienderana nerinongedzo kubva kuredhiyo.

Nekudaro, ichi chishandiso chinoshanda zvinoenderana neshoko rinotevera. Chiratidzo chine kadikidiki chidiki chinobva kumusoro wechikamu cheiyo odhiyo sisitimu. Magetsi anowedzera kune iyo paramende inodiwa, uye kopi yakawedzeredzwa yechiratidzo ichi inogadzirwa padanho rekuburitsa.

Mamwe mashoko nezve musimboti wekushanda kwea auto gudzazwi anotsanangurwa mu inotevera vhidhiyo:

Ongororo yemamota amplifiers

Amplifier mhando

Zvese zvinogadziriswa zvekusimudza michina zvakakamurwa kuita maviri marudzi:

1. analoginen - gamuchira chiratidzo muchimiro chekuchinjisa zvazvino nemagetsi, zvichisiyana zvichienderana nekuwanda kweyekuteerera, wozoikurisa usati waenda kumaspika;
2. dhijitari - vanoshanda chete nezviratidzo mudhijitari fomati (iwo uye zero, kana mapurse mu "on / off" fomati), kuwedzera kwavo amplitude, uye wozozvishandura kuita analogogo fomu.

Midziyo yerudzi rwekutanga inotumira ruzha isina kuchinjika. Panyaya yekujeka kwezwi, chete kurarama kuita ndiko kunogona kuve kwakanyanya mukuenzanisa neanalog. Nekudaro, iyo yekurekodha pachayo inofanirwa kuve yakakwana.

Rudzi rwechipiri rwechigadzirwa runokanganisa zvishoma kurekodha kwepakutanga, kuchibvisa ruzha rudiki.

Iwe unogona kunzwa musiyano uripo pakati pemhando mbiri dzezvigudziri nekuzvibatanidza kune chinotenderera. Iye anoda mimhanzi achasarudza iyo yekutanga mhando yemagudzazwi, nekuti ruzha mune maspika mune ino nyaya ichave yakasarudzika (ine hunhu, zvisinganzwisisike, tsono creak). Nekudaro, kana uchitamba mimhanzi kubva kudhijitari midhiya (diski, flash drive, memory kadhi), ese ari maviri ma amplifaya anoshanda zvakaenzana mazwi.

Musiyano wezwi iri unogona kunzwika mune inotevera vhidhiyo kuyedza (teerera nemahedhifoni):

Dhijitari vs.Analog - Iyo Fuzzy Eeee kuyedza!

Mota dzinosimudzira dzinosarudzika nenhamba yematanho:

• single-chiteshi - inoshandiswa kubatanidza subwoofer ine yakanyanya impedance inosvika ku2 ohms, kazhinji ine yakaderera frequency frequency;
• maviri-chiteshi - inogona kushandiswa kubatanidza maviri maspika kana imwe subwoofer ine impedance inopfuura 2 ohms;
• ina-chiteshi - yakauya kuzotsiva matatu-chiteshi nekuda kwekusaita kwavo, mhando yeiyi gudzazwi ndiyo yakajairika, nekuti unogona kubatanidza kana mana maspika kana maviri maspika uye imwe subwoofer kwavari;
• shanu-chiteshi - ina vatauri uye imwe subwoofer zvakabatana kwavari;
• nhanhatu-chiteshi - inoshandiswa chete kana iyo subwoofer iine impedance yakakwira kupfuura yakanyanya kubvumidzwa kukosha kwekushandurwa kwekare.

Maitiro ekuisa

Usati waisa chishandiso, zvakakosha kuti uzvizive nemimwe miitiro iyo kuchengetedzeka kwemota uye kugona kweiyo odhiyo sisitimu kunotsamira.

Kusarudza nzvimbo

Zvinhu zvinoverengeka zvinoenderana nesarudzo yenzvimbo yekumisikidza mudziyo.

• Iyo gudzazwi inodziya zvakanyanya panguva yekushanda, saka zvakakosha kusarudza nzvimbo panowanikwa mhepo yakanakisa. Haifanire kuiswa padivi, rakatarisa pasi, kana pasi peganda. Izvi zvinowedzera kupisa chishandiso uye, kana zvirinani, mira kushanda. Chiitiko chakaipisisa moto.
• Kure kure neredhiyo kwayakaiswa, iko kukura kwekurwisa kuchave. Izvi zvichaita kuti masipika aridze runyararo zvishoma.
• Iyo wiring inofanirwa kuendeswa pasi pechikamu chemukati, saka zvakakosha kuita zviyero chaizvo, uchifunga kutendeuka.
• Usachiisa pane subwoofer kabhineti, sezvo isingashiviriri kudedera kukuru.

Ndeipi nzvimbo yakanaka yekuisa iyi odhiyo system chinhu? Heano dzimwe nzvimbo ina dzakajairika.

1. Pamberi pemba. Zvinoenderana nemota yemota. Kana paine nzvimbo yemahara pasi peiyo torpedo uye haizovhiringidze mufambi. Iyi nzvimbo inoonekwa seyakanaka, nekuti iyo yakajeka kurira kwekujekesa kunoitwa (ipfupi chiratidzo tambo kureba).
2. Pasi pechigaro chepamberi chemutyairi. Kune yakanaka mhepo inotenderera (inotonhorera mweya inogara ichipararira pamwe nepazasi) uye yemahara kuwana kune chishandiso. Kana paine nzvimbo yakawanda pasi pechigaro, pane mukana wekuti vafambi vari kumashure vanogona kukanda mudziyo netsoka dzavo.
3. Pasherufu pasherefu. Kwete yakaipa sarudzo yesedan uye coupe miviri, nekuti kusiyana nezvakakanganiswa, yakamira.
4. Muhunde. Izvi zvinonyanya kushanda kana uchibatanidza ma amplifaya maviri (imwe mukamuri remba uye imwe iri mudhishi).

Waya dzekubatanidza

Vamwe vatyairi vanokanganisa kutenda kuti zvakajairika waya dzakaonda dzinouya nespika dzakakwanira kune odhiyo system. Nekudaro, yakakosha tambo inodiwa kuti isimbise gudzazwi.

Semuenzaniso, mutyairi akatenga 200W chishandiso. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uwedzere makumi matatu muzana kuchiratidzo ichi (kurasikirwa pane zvakaderera kushanda). Nekuda kweizvozvo, simba rekushandisa gudzazwi richava 30 W. Chikamu chemuchinjikwa chetambo yemagetsi chinoverengerwa uchishandisa fomati inotevera: simba rakakamurwa nemagetsi (260/260). Mune ino kesi, iyo tambo inofanirwa kumira yazvino ye12A.

Vagadziri vemagetsi vanogadzirira kutenga mawaya ane chikamu chidiki chemuchinjikwa-chikamu kuitira kuti kuputira kwavo kusanyungudike nekuda kwekupisa. Mushure mekuverenga kwakadai, vazhinji vanoshamisika kuti wiring yeiyo gudzazwi ichave yakakora sei.

Fuse

Fiyuzi inofanirwa kuve iripo mune chero magetsi wedunhu, kunyanya kana iine yazvino ine yakakura amperage. Icho chinhu chinokanganisa chinoputsa dunhu kana chapisa. Ichachengetedza zvemukati memotokari kubva pamoto nekuda kwenzira pfupi pfupi.

Iyo fiyuzi yemasisitimu akadaro inowanzoita segirazi regirazi ine fusible simbi simbi mukati. Izvi zvinoshandurwa zvine chakakosha kudzora. Iwo maficha ari pavari akasanganiswa, nekuda kwekuti simba rechishandiso rarasika.

Dzimwe nzira dzinodhura dzefiyuzi dzakashongedzwa nemabhaudhi ekusungira iyo fusible ndiro. Kusangana mukubatana kwakadai hakutsakatika kubva mukugwinha nguva dzose panguva yekushanda kwemota.

Ichi chekudzivirira chinofanira kuiswa padyo nebhatiri sezvinobvira - mukati me30 masentimita. Kugadziridza kwakanyanya kudarika kugona kwetambo hakugone kushandiswa. Semuenzaniso, kana tambo ichikwanisa kumira nemagetsi e30A, fiyuzi mune iyi kesi haifanire kukosha kukosha kwe50A.

Batanidza tambo

Izvi hazvina kufanana netambo yemagetsi. Tambo yekubatanidza inobatanidza zvinobuda muwairesi uye gudzazwi. Basa hombe rechinhu ichi kupfuudza chiratidzo cheodhiyo kubva pa tepi rekodhi kuenda kune yekuisa node yekukudziridza pasina kurasikirwa kwehunhu.

Iyo tambo yakadaro inofanirwa kugara iine yakasimba kuputira ine izere kudzivirirwa uye gobvu repakati conductor. Inofanira kutengwa zvakasiyana, sezvo kazhinji ichiuya nesarudzo yebhajeti.

Amplifier yekubatanidza madhirama

Usati watenga gudzazwi, unofanirwa kusarudza kuti vatauri vachabatanidzwa nechirongwa chipi. Pane matatu ekubatanidza sarudzo:

• Inopindirana. Iyi nzira yakakodzera kune vatauri vakapakata yakazara-renji uye yakaderera-frequency maspika akabatanidzwa kune gudzazwi. Nekuda kweizvi, ina-chiteshi system ichagovera iyo chiratidzo chemasaini kumativi;
• Kufanana. Iyi nzira inobvumidza iwe kuti ubatanidze yakakwira impedance vatauri kune chishandiso chisina kugadzirirwa yakakwira mutoro impedance. Iyi nzira zvakare inobvumidza iwe kuti ubatanidze yakakwira-frequency maspika uye wideband moditions kana serial kubatana isina kupa yunifomu vhoriyamu pane ese maspika (imwe yacho inonzwika yakanyarara kana kurira kwazvo);
• Serial-yakafanana. Iyi dhizaini inogadzira masisitimu akaomarara ehurukuro. Iyo inowanzo shandiswa mune zviitiko apo kubatanidza akati wandei masipika kune maviri-chiteshi gudzazwi haina kupa chaunoda chaicho.

Tevere, iwe unofanirwa kuona kuti gudzazwi ichabatana sei neredhiyo. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa uchishandisa mutauri tambo kana mitsara kubuda.

Funga maficha echimwe nechimwe chezvirongwa zvataurwa pamusoro zvekubatanidza maspika kune gudzazwi.

Inopindirana

Muchiitiko ichi, iyo subwoofer yakabatana mune dzakateedzana neyekuruboshwe kana kurudyi mutauri kune maviri-chiteshi gudzazwi. Kana iyo 4-chiteshi gudzazwi yakaiswa mumota, saka subwoofer inosunganidzwa nenzira yebridge kana muchikamu chegeji kuruboshwe kana kurudyi.

Kuti zvive nyore, iyo yakanaka terminal inoitwa yakafara kupfuura isina kunaka. Kubatana kunoitwa seinotevera. Iyo yakaipa terminal yeiyo wideband yekumashure mutauri yakabatana kune yakanaka terminal yeiyo subwoofer. Acoustic tambo kubva pagudzazwi dzakabatana kune emahara terminals emutauri uye subwoofer.

Usati washandisa gudzanzwi, tarisa kana matanda acho ari echokwadi. Kune izvi, 1.5-volt bhatiri rakabatana netambo. Kana mutauri mutauri achifamba munzira imwechete, saka polarity iri pachokwadi. Zvikasadaro, vokukurukura vakatsinhaniswa.

Iyo impedance pane vese vatauri inofanira kunge yakafanana. Zvikasadaro, mutauri mumwe nemumwe anonzwika zvakanyanya kana kudzikama.

Kufanana

Mune ino kesi, tweeters kana subwoofer zvakabatana kune makuru maspika akaenzana. Sezvo iyo tweeter membrane isingaoneke, iyo polarity inofanira kuongororwa nenzeve. Kune chero ruzha rusina kujairika, waya dzinodzoserwa.

Izvo zvinonyanya kushanda kubatanidza tambo kwete maviri nekaviri musoketi imwe, asi kushandisa branched speaker tambo. Tambo kubva kumatauri dzakakwenenzverwa kune imwe kumagumo, uye kuitira kuti mharadzano isasanganise, inofanirwa kuvharirwa netepi yemagetsi kana cambric inopisa kupisa.

Serial-yakafanana

Iyi nzira yekubatanidza inokutendera iwe kuti upe yepamusoro mhando kurira. Mhedzisiro iyi inowanikwa kuburikidza nekubatanidza maspika, pamwe nekuenzanisa yavo impedance neiyo imwecheteyo chiratidzo pane yekukwiridzira.

Muchiitiko ichi, kune misiyano mizhinji yekubatanidza mutauri. Semuenzaniso, subwoofer uye yakazara-renji mutauri akabatana mune akateedzana. Mukufanana nemukurukuri webandaneti, twitter ichiri kubatana.

Maitiro ekubatanidza nemaoko ako pachako

Iwe haufanire kuve neruzivo rwakadzika rwemagetsi kuti ubatanidze gudzazwi. Zvakakwana kutevera mirairo inouya nechigadzirwa. Zvisinei nekushandurwa kwechigadzirwa, kubatana kunoitwa maererano nechirongwa chinotevera.

1. Kutanga, gudzazwi rinosungirirwa munzvimbo yakasarudzika yemota (kwaisingazopisa).

2.Kuti udzivise netsaona kuputsika kwetambo, iyo wiring inofanirwa kuiswa pasi peyaifamba mupanda trim. Maitiro ekuita izvi anotemwa nemuridzi wemota iye. Nekudaro, kana uchiisa tambo yekubatanidza, zvakakosha kuti urangarire kuti nzvimbo iri padyo nechetambo yesimba yemuchina inokanganisa chiratidzo cheaudio nekuda kwemagetsi emagetsi.

yekutanga sarudzo yekuisa tambo yemagetsi

3. Iyo tambo yemagetsi inogona kuendeswa pamwe chete neiyo huru mota wiring sunga. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakakosha kuti uigadzirise kuitira kuti irege kuwira pasi pezvinhu zvinofambisa zvemuchina - vhiri rekufambisa, pedals kana kumhanya (izvi zvinowanzoitika kana basa racho risingaitwe nenyanzvi). Munzvimbo umo tambo inopfuura nepakati pemadziro emuviri, grommets epurasitiki inofanira kushandiswa. Izvi zvinodzivirira kutsva kwetambo. Kuti uve nekuchengetedzeka kukuru, mutsetse unofanirwa kuiswa uchishandisa mutubhu (chubhu yakaumbirwa yakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvisina kutsva).

4. Iyo waya isina kunaka (nhema) inofanira kugadziriswa kumutumbi wemota. Mune ino kesi, iwe haugone kushandisa screws uye twists - chete mabhaudhi ane nzungu, uye yekudyidzana poindi inofanira kucheneswa. Iyo yekupedzisira pane gudzazwi yakamisikidzwa GND ivhu, kana kubvisa. Iyo Remote terminal ndiyo nzvimbo yekubatanidza iyo tambo yekudzora kubva kuredhiyo (inogona kupihwa simba kubva kune iyo kanyanga connector). Inotumira chiratidzo kuti chishande kana rekodhi yakavhurwa. Kazhinji kazhinji pane tambo yebhuruu kana mutsetse chena mune iyo kit nekuda kweichi chinangwa.

iyo yechipiri sarudzo yekuisa tambo yemagetsi

5. Iyo tambo yechiratidzo yakabatana neiyo Line-kunze (radio) uye Line-in (gudzazwi) zvinongedzo. Mazhinji mamodheru ane akati wandei eaya majeki: kumberi (Mberi), kumashure (Kumashure), subwoofer (Sub).

6.Vatauri vachasunganidzwa zvinoenderana nebhuku ravo rekudzidzisa.

7. Ko kana redhiyo iri mbiri-chiteshi uye gudzazwi iri ina-chiteshi? Muchiitiko ichi, shandisa tambo yekubatanidza ine mahwanda. Iine ma tulips maviri kune rimwe divi uye mana kune rimwe.

Kubatanidza gudzazwi kune redhiyo isina tulips

Yakaderera-mutengo mota redhiyo mamodheru ane akajairwa macomputer ane clip. Mune ino kesi, iwe uchafanirwa kutenga yakakosha adapta kuti ubatanidze tambo tambo. Kune rimwe divi, ine yakajairika waya, uye kune imwe - "tulip amai".

Saka kuti tambo dziri pakati peadapter neredhiyo dzisatsemuka nekuda kwekuzunguzika kwechigadzirwa, inogona kuputirwa nefuro rabha (haimhanye paunenge uchityaira) woigadzirisa pamusoro wechikwata.

Maitiro ekubatanidza maviri kana anopfuura ma amplifaya

Kana uchibatanidza chechipiri chinokudza mudziyo, zvimwe zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutariswa.

• Iyo ine simba capacitor (ingangoita 1F) inodikanwa. Inoiswa nekubatana kwakafanana nebhatiri.
• Kubatana kwetambo yechiratidzo kunoenderana nekushandurwa kwema amplifaya pachawo. Iyo mirairo icharatidza izvi. Kazhinji crossover (frequency kugovera microcontroller) inoshandiswa izvi.

Nei iwe uchida crossover uye kuti ungaimisa sei inotsanangurwa mune inotevera ongororo:

Mota odhiyo. Zvakavanzika zveMagadziriso # 1. Crossover.

Kubatanidza maviri-chiteshi uye ina-chiteshi gudzazwi

Kuti ubatanidze gudzazwi, kuwedzera kune iyo kifaa pachayo, iwe zvakare uchada yakakosha wiring. Sezvatotaurwa, waya dzemasaini dzinofanirwa kunge dziine skrini yepamusoro kuitira kuti ruzha rurege kuita mutsindo. Tambo dzemagetsi dzinofanira kumira dzakakwira voltages.

Maviri-chiteshi uye mana-chiteshi analogs ane zvakafanana nzira dzekubatanidza, zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yaunoda kuzadzisa.

Mbiri chiteshi gudzazwi

Vaviri-chiteshi mamodheru anozivikanwa nevazhinji mota odhiyo vanofarira. Mune bhajeti acoustics, shanduko dzakadai dzinoshandiswa sechiwedzeredza chepamberi maspika kana yekubatanidza subwoofer. Aya ndiwo masanganisiro akadaro achasunganidzwa mune ese ari maviri kesi:

• Kumberi acoustics. Mune ino kesi, gudzazwi ichashandiswa mu stereo. Muchiitiko ichi, tambo yemasaini inogona kusunganidzwa padanho repamusoro (kana redhiyo tepi rekodha isina zvigadzirwa zvemutsara, ipapo gudzazwi ine chiteshi chepamusoro chekupinza cheizvi) kana padanho repasi (apo redhiyo tepi rekodhi inoshongedzerwa nezvakabuda zvine mutsetse - akajairwa majeki erudzi rwe "tulip"). Kana uchibatanidza, zvakakosha kuti usavhiringidze polarity uye chiteshi. Iwe unofanirwa zvakare kushandisa HPF kana yakaderera pasa firita. Mune ino kesi, mutoro pane yega yega chiteshi unogona kuva 2 ohms.
• Subwoofer. Mune ino kesi, iyo gudzazwi yakabatana mu "zambuko" maitiro. Iri zano rinowanikwa kune akawanda 4-chiteshi mamodheru. Sangano iri rinotevera. Iko kusanganisa kweimwe gudzazwi gwara uye kubvisa kwemumwe kunotorwa ndokubatanidzwa kune subwoofer. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mazhinji emamodeli anoshanda pane mashoma mutoro mubridge mode kubva pa50 Ohm. Mune chirongwa chakadai chekubatanidza, iwe unozoda iyo LPF firita. Inodimbura masaini ne frequency ye100-XNUMXHz inouya kubva kune subwoofer.  

Four chiteshi gudzazwi

Kubatanidza gudzazwi rakadaro rine dunhu rakada kufanana. Musiyano chete kugona kubatanidza kana mana maspika kana maviri maspika uye subwoofer. Unofanirwa kusimbisa chishandiso uchishandisa tambo yakakora.

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, pamwe neyekuwedzera, iyo kit inosanganisirawo mirairo yekubatanidza nenzira dzakasiyana. Izvi zvinoshanda kune ese stereo modhi (iwo maspika akabatana zvinoenderana ne polarity inoratidzwa mumufananidzo mune mirairo) uye mono (2 vatauri uye sub).

Kuti ubatanidze subwoofer, iwe unofanirwa kutevedzera mutauri wekugadzira mutauri zvakanyatsonaka. Dhayagiramu yekubatanidza yakafanana neiyo yekubatanidza subwoofer kune maviri-chiteshi gudzazwi - miviri migero inosanganiswa kuita bhiriji rimwe. Chete mune mana-chiteshi imwe inobatanidza maviri maspika.

Maitiro ekubatanidza mashanu-chiteshi gudzazwi

Mune iyi vhezheni, chishandiso chakabatana nebhatiri nenzira imwecheteyo seimwe gudzazwi. Iyo yekubatanidza kune redhiyo tepi rekodhi zvakare haina kusiyana. Musiyano chete uripo mukubatanidza mutauri.

Sezvatakataura, mune mashanu-chiteshi shanduro, ina chiteshi dzakagadzirirwa kufudza iyo chiratidzo kune vatauri. Iyo subwoofer inogara panzira yechishanu. Sezvo iyo tweeter inoda simba rakawanda, mugove weshumba wesimba rekusimudzira unozoshandiswa kutyaira iyo sub membrane.

Iko kusakosha kweaya ma amplifaya ndeyekuti mabhesi ane ruzha anotora rinenge rese simba kubva kumatitter. Nechikonzero ichi, shanduko iyi inotengwa nevaridzi vemota vanokoshesa kunaka kwerwiyo uye nekudzika kwenzvimbo dzese, kwete huwandu hwemimhanzi. MaTweets anogona kuiswa pamipini imwechete sepamberi maspika (parallel connection).

Maitiro ekumisikidza gudzazwi

Kugadziridza gudzazwi ndechimwe chinhu chinokanganisa mhando yemimhanzi mumota. Kana pasina ruzivo rwekuita marongero akadaro, zviri nani kutsvaga rubatsiro kune nyanzvi kwekutanga. Kana marongero acho asiri iwo, unogona kupisa chiteshi kana kukuvadza mamenha emutauri (iyo twitter yakaedza kuburitsa mabass, ikatyoka).

Heano ma parameter aunoda kuisa pane yekukwidziridza yemhando dzerudzi rwema speaker.

• HPF kana High Pass Sefa. Iyo subwoofer gudzazwi inofanira kuiswa yakatenderedza 20Hz. Pamadhiraivha emidrange, iyo HPF yakaiswa panosvika 80Hz. Izvi zvinodimbura mafambiro ari pasi ayo mutauri asingakwanise kuendesa. Kana maTitter akabatana zvakasiyana kune yekuwedzera, saka iyi paramende yavo yakaiswa padanho re5000Hz (zvinoenderana nemhando yavo).
• LPF kana yakaderera pasa firita. Pane iyo subwoofer gudzazwi, iyi firita yakaiswa pakati pe50 ne80Hz. Nezve midrange sarudzo, iyo cutoff inofanirwa kunge iri panosvika 1600Hz. Kune twitters, unogona kuita muganho we20Hz, asi izvi hazvisi zvakakosha.
• Kuwana kana kunzwisisika kwezvakatorwa kubva muredhiyo. Iyi paramende inokutendera kuti uenzanise gudzazwi uye redhiyo. Kunzwisisa kunoyerwa mumagetsi. Kuwedzera iyi paramende kunowedzera huwandu hwevatauri. Paunenge uchigadzirisa iyi parameter pane subwoofer maspika, unofanirwa kudzima yakaenzana uye dzimwe sarudzo dzinodzora mabass. Tichazonyanya kutarisa kugadzirirwa kwaGein chinguva chidiki.
• Subsonic yakasarudzika yepasi-pasa firita iyo inodimbura infrasound. Inogona kuwanikwa pane subwoofer amplifiers (monoblocs). Nokusingaperi, iyi paramende inofanira kuiswa kumusoro kusvika 25Hz.
• Bassboost. Uku kutonga otomatiki uko kune yakatarwa frequency (kazhinji iri mukati me40-45Hz) inowedzera vhoriyamu yemukurukuri. Kana wekutanga ari kugadzirisa iyo gudzazwi, saka zviri nani kuti usatendese ino regulator zvachose, sezvo paine mukana wepamusoro wekupisa iyo sub.
• X-pamusoro. Uku kuchinja kwema filters akasiyana. Inowanikwa mumamodheru asina marongero akapatsanurwa pasefa rega rega. HPF - yakakwira frequency masheni anochekwa, LPF - yakaderera frequency masheni anodimburwa, Mafirita akazara - haashandiswe.
• Phase - Iyi yekugadzika inokutendera iwe kuti uchinje zvikamu zvemutauri. Kana iwe usina ruzivo mumasetwork, zvirinani kuti usabata ino switch.
• Tenzi / Muranda. Iyi switch inokutendera iwe kuti utaure maspika. Chinzvimbo chekutanga chine chekuita nekubatana kubva ku "tulips" (RCA) kunouya kubva kuredhiyo, uye yechipiri inoiswa kana monoblock yakabatana.

Ngatitaurei zvishoma nezve maitiro ekugadzirisa chaizvo iyo Gain paramende. Pane nzira mbiri. Chekutanga chinoda kubatsirwa nemumwe wako. Kutanga, pawairesi, vhoriyamu yemumhanzi inoiswa kune yakaderera kukosha. Ipapo runyorwa runosanganisirwa, rwunowanzo rira mumotokari, uye zvatozivikanwa kuti inofanirwa kurira sei.

Iyo vhoriyamu yechigadzirwa inoiswa zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika kungangoita matatu-makota eiyo yepamusoro kukosha. Kana ruzha rukatanga kukanganisa zvisati zvaitika, saka iwe unofanirwa kumira kuwedzera iro vhoriyamu, uye kudzora kudzikisira nezvikamu zvidiki.

Tevere, gudzazwi rakamiswa. Mubatsiri zvishoma nezvishoma anowedzera iyo (Gain) kudzora kumashure kweiyo gudzazwi kusvikira kutsva kutsva kwaonekwa. Pakangotanga mimhanzi kurira zvisiri zvechisikigo, iwe unofanirwa kumira uye kudzora kudzikisira neinenge gumi muzana.

Nzira yechipiri inoda kutora kurira kwakasarudzika kwakarongedzwa kugadzirisa akasiyana ma parameter ekuwedzera. Aya manzwi anonzi sinus. Kugadzirira subwoofer, iyo frequency yakaiswa kusvika makumi mana kana makumi mashanu (kana mutauri ari mubhokisi rakavharwa). Kana midbass yakaiswa, ipapo hwaro hunofanirwa kunge huri paramende ingangoita 40Hz.

Tevere, maitiro akafanana anoitwa senge mune yakapfuura nzira. Iyo redhiyo tepi rekodhi inoisirwa padiki, iyo sine yakavhurwa (toni kurira iyo inonzwika pane yakasarudzika frequency, kana ikachinja, ichabva yanzwika), uye zvishoma nezvishoma vhoriyamu yacho inowedzerwa kusvika zvisizvo zvioneke. Uku ndiko kuchave kurira kwepamusoro paradio.

Tevere, gudzazwi rinogadzirirwa nenzira imwecheteyo nenzira yekutanga. Kuwana kunowedzerwa kusvika kusakanganiswa kwaitika, mushure meizvozvo kudzora kunoendeswa 10 muzana pasi.

Amplifier kusarudza nzira

Chero zvigadzirwa, kunyanya izvo zvinokutendera kuti utore yakachena ruzha kubva kudhijitari midhiya, ine yayo maitiro. Sezvo redhiyo tepi rekodhi, maspika, gudzazwi uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinoshanda muhombodo imwechete, gudzazwi nyowani inofanirwa kuenderana nezvimwe zvinhu zveodhiyo system. Heano zviratidzo zvaunoda kuti utarise paunenge uchisarudza gudzazwi nyowani:

1. Simba pachiteshi;
2. Sipika mutauri uye subwoofer yakarongwa simba. Iyi paramende inofanira kuve yakati kurei kupfuura simba reimwe chiteshi mu amplifaya. Kutenda neizvi, zvichave zvinogoneka kuzadzikisa rucheno ruzha uye maspika haazo "choke" kubva pakuwandisa;
3. Mutoro kuramba. Iyo gudzazwi inotakurwa neacoustic michina. Chinodiwa chinofanirwa kunge chiri mutambo wekurwisa pane maspika uye pane gudzazwi. Semuenzaniso, kana vatauri vaine impedance ye4 ohms, saka gudzazwi rinofanirwa kuve neyakaenzana kukosha. Zvakajairika kuti mukurukuri apfuure iyo impedance yegudzazwi. Kana mutsauko uyu wakasiyana (gudzazwi rine zvinopfuura maspika), saka panogona kunge paine mukana wakakura wekuti gudzazwi nemazwi achatsemuka;
4. Mota dzinosimudzira mota dzinofanirwa kubva pa20 hertz kusvika 20 kilohertz. Kana uku kupararira kuri kukuru, saka zviri nani, izvi chete zvinokanganisa mutengo wemidziyo;
5. Kuvapo kwekroska. Paunenge uchitenga gudzazwi yemazuva ano, ichi chinhu chinofanira zvakare kutarisirwa. Mune mazhinji mamodheru, zvakajairwa. Chinhu ichi chinokutendera iwe kuti uchinje modes uye nekushandisa iyo yekukudziridza munzvimbo dzakasiyana mafrits;
6. Kuvapo kwetambo transistor kuburitsa, kana paine chikonzero chekubatanidza chechipiri gudzazwi.

Nzira yekusarudza gudzazwi kana subwoofer yaiswa

Panogona kuve nekugadziriswa kwakawanda kwemota mutauri system. Kusarudzwa kwechigadziro kunoitwa zvinoenderana nematanho akatsanangurwa pamusoro apa. Asi kana subwoofer yatove kuiswa mumota, saka kuwedzera kune aya ma parameter, unofanirwa kusarudza maviri-chiteshi modhi. Nenzira, kana uchisarudza chishandiso, unofanirwa kuona kuti inotsigira kukwikwidza. Iyo yakawanda inotyisa yemamodeli akadaro ari pamotokari yezvishandiso musika.

Sezvatakambokurukura, kukwikwidza kunoreva nzira yekubatanidza iyo inotsamira pamatanho maviri ekukudziridza pamutauri we subwoofer. Amp mamodheru ayo asingatsigire kukwikwidza akabatana nenzira yakasarudzika kuitira kuti chiratidzo kubva kumatanho ekukudza chipfupikiswe kune subwoofer mutauri. Vamwe mutauri hookups vanoita izvi nekubatanidza masekondi kubva kune akawanda gudzazwi zvinobuda (kana izwi rechipiri coil rinoshandiswa mune subwoofer).

Neiyi kubatana, tambo dzemasaini kubva kumagudziri dzakabatana nemhepo yeiyo subwoofer mutauri (polarity inofanirwa kucherechedzwa). Kana paine imwe chete subwoofer ichitenderera, saka unofanirwa kutenga chaiyo inowedzera. Nechibvumirano ichi, gudzazwi rinofambisa monos chiratidzo kaviri simba reiyo chiteshi, asi mune iyi kesi hapana kurasikirwa kana uchiita summation yechiratidzo.

Imwe nzira yakakwenenzverwa inogona kushandiswa kubatanidza iripo subwoofer kune itsva gudzazwi. Mune ino kesi, ese ma amplifera chiteshi anoshanda akapatsanurwa mutauri system, asi akapfupikiswa kune iyo subwoofer chinguva chidiki. Kuti udzivise kuwandisa mudziyo, zvakakosha kuti maratidziro ematanho arege kuwanda. Mune ino kesi, yekungoita mupise mudziyo yakabatana neinoburitsa chiteshi. Asi zviri nani kuisa kwakadaro kubatana kune nyanzvi.

Vhidhiyo: sei kubatanidza gudzazwi nemaoko ako

Paunenge uchisarudza gudzazwi yemota, unofanirwa kufunga kuti zvimwe zvekushandisa zvinoda simba rekushandisa, saka zvakakosha kuti utarisire kuvimbika kwebhatiri - kuitira kuti panguva isina kukodzera ingorega kuburitswa. Unogona kudzidza kutarisa hupenyu hwebhatiri kubva Chitsauko chakaparadzana.

Kuti uwane ruzivo rwekuti ungabatanidza sei gudzazwi, ona vhidhiyo:

Ungabatanidza sei gudzazwi remota

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Maitiro ekubatanidza iyo 4-chiteshi gudzazwi kune redhiyo tepi rekodhi ine 1 RCA. Pane zvingasarudzwa zviviri zvegadziriro iyi. Yokutanga kutenga Y-splitters. Iyi ndiyo sarudzo yakachipa, asi ine zvayakaipira. Kutanga, zvinokanganisa zvisizvo mhando yeinzwi. Chechipiri, hazvigoneke kuchinja chiyero pakati pevatauri vachishandisa kutonga kwakakodzera pawairesi. Izvi zvinofanirwa kuchinjika pane iyo gudzazwi pachayo. Iyo yechipiri nzira iri kushandisa maviri-chiteshi gudzazwi, ichibatanidza kune yayo mutsara zvabuda. Iyo mbiri-chiteshi gudzazwi yakabatana neredhiyo tepi rekodhi, uye 4-chiteshi gudzazwi yakabatana nayo. Iko kusakosha kweiyo bundle yakafanana - hazvigoneke kugadzirisa chiyero chepamberi / kumashure masipika kubva kuredhiyo. Chechitatu - processor / equalizer yakaiswa pakati pemusoro wechinhu uye gudzazwi. Chinhu chakakosha chinokanganisa ndeye mutengo wakakwira, pamwe nekuoma kwekubatana.

Maitiro ekubatanidza maviri ekukudziridza kune redhiyo tepi rekodhi ne1 RCA. Nzira iri nyore yekuita izvi ndeyeY-splitters. Asi mune ino kesi, pachave nekukanganiswa. Iyo inotevera nzira ndeye 4-chiteshi gudzazwi inogara pane yepakati uye tweeters. 1-chiteshi gudzazwi inotyaira mashure masipika. Kazhinji kazhinji, ichi ndicho chisumbu chinoshandiswa.

Ungabatanidza sei gudzazwi kune musoro wechikwata? Chekutanga, gudzazwi rakabatana nemota sisitimu yemagetsi (yakanaka uye asina kunaka mabhatiri). Ipapo, uchishandisa tambo, iyo Line-in (pane iyo gudzazwi) uye Line-kunze (pane redhiyo) zvinongedzo zvakabatana. Yakabatana nemutauri gudzazwi.

Nzira yekubatanidza sei gudzazwi kuburikidza negirobhu remwenje? Chiedza mudunhu riri pakati pechidzidziro nebhatiri chinodiwa kudzivirira dunhu pfupi mudunhu. Nechibatanidzo ichi, mwenje unofanirwa kupenya zvakajeka uye kubuda, kana kupenya zvishoma-kusviba. Iyi yekubatanidza nzira inoshandiswa nevateereri kuzviita iwe pachako. Nzira iri nyore ndeyekubatanidza gudzazwi neakavhurika wedunhu breaker.