Ndeipi acid inoshandiswa mumabhatiri?

Wakambozvibvunza here kuti bhatiri rine acid here uye kana zvirizvo chii? Kana iwe usingazive uye uchifarira kudzidza zvishoma nezve kana paine acid imomo, kuti chii uye nei ichikodzera mabhatiri auri kushandisa, saka gara wakatarisana.

Ngatitangei pamusoro ...

Iwe unoziva kuti lead acid ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa bhatiri mune angangoita 90% emota dzazvino.

Zvichida kutaura, bhatiri rakadai rine bhokisi umo mahwendefa (anowanzo tungamira) anoiswa mumasero, ayo anoita seakanaka uye asina kunaka maelektrode. Aya mahwendefa anotungamira akaputirwa nemvura inonzi electrolyte.

Iyo electrolyte mass mune bhatiri ine acid nemvura.

Ndeipi acid iri mumabhatiri?

Asidhi iri mubhatiri remota is sulfuric. Sulfuric acid (chemically pure sulfuric acid) imvura isina ruvara uye isinganhuwi yakasimba dibasic viscous fluid ine density ye1,83213 g/cm3.

Mubhatiri rako, asidhi haina kukosheswa, asi yakasanganiswa nemvura (yakadonhedzwa mvura) pachiyero chemakumi manomwe emvura uye 70% H30SO2 (sulfuric acid).

Nei iyi acid inoshandiswa mumabhatiri?

Sulfuric acid ndiyo inonyanya kushanda inorganic acid iyo inopindirana pamwe neese simbi uye oxides yavo. Pasina izvi, zvichave zvisingaite zvachose kuburitsa uye kuchaja bhatiri. Nekudaro, mashandiro ekuchaja uye kuburitsa mashandiro achaitika zvinoenderana neuwandu hwemvura yakasvibiswa iyo iyo asidi yakasanganiswa.

Kana ... Pfupiso yatinogona kupa pamubvunzo werudzii rweasidhi iri mumabhatiri ndeiyi inotevera:

Yese inotungamira asidi bhatiri ine sulfuric acid. Iyi (acid) haina kuchena, asi yakasanganiswa uye inonzi electrolyte.

Iyi electrolyte ine huwandu uye huwandu hunodzikira nekufamba kwenguva, saka zvinobatsira kuti uzviongorore uye uzviwedzere kana zvichidikanwa.

Electrolyte iri mubhatiri inodzorwa sei?

Kuti uone kuti urikuchengeta bhatiri remotokari yako, zvinokurudzirwa kuti iwe ugare uchitarisa padanho uye kuenzana kwemvura inoshanda (electrolyte).

Iwe unogona kutarisa iyo nhanho uchishandisa diki girazi tsvimbo kana yakajeka kunze kwepeni peni. Kuyera iyo nhanho, unofanirwa kusunungura bheteri remakamuri (ichi cheke chinogoneka chete kana bhatiri rako rakamira) uye nyudza tsvimbo muelectrolyte.

Kana mahwendefa akafukidzwa zvizere nemvura uye kana iri gumi nemashanu mm. pamusoro pemahwendefa zvinoreva kuti mwero wakanaka. Kana mahwendefa asina kuputirwa zvakanaka, iwe uchafanirwa kukwidza mwero we electrolyte zvishoma.

Iwe unogona kuita izvi nekutenga uye nekuwedzera yakadonhedzwa mvura. Kuzadza kuri nyore kwazvo (munzira yakajairwa), ingo chenjera kuti usazadza bhatiri nemvura.

Shandisa chete yakadonhedzwa mvura, kwete yakajairwa mvura. Mvura isina mvura ine tsvina iyo isingangopfupisa zvakanyanya hupenyu hwebhatiri, asi kana paine zvakakwana, vanogona kuidzima zvakananga.

Kuyera huwandu, unoda chimbo chinonzi hydrometer. Ichi chishandiso chinowanzo girazi chubhu ine chikero kunze uye nemekiyuri chubhu mukati.

Kana iwe uine hydrometer, iwe unongoda kuidzikisa pasi pebhatiri, tora iyo electrolyte (mudziyo unoshanda sepipette) uye uone kukosha kwaichaverenga. Yakajairika density ndeye 1,27 - 1,29 g / cm3. uye kana mudziyo wako ukaratidza kukosha uku saka density yakanaka, asi kana hunhu husina kudaro iwe uchafanirwa kuwedzera density ye electrolyte.

Nzira yekuwedzera sei kuwanda?

Kana iyo density iri pasi pe1,27 g / cm3, iwe unofanirwa kuwedzera iyo sulfuric acid yevasungwa. Pane sarudzo mbiri pane izvi: kana kutenga yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa electrolyte, kana kugadzira yako electrolyte.

Kana iwe ukasarudza iyo yechipiri sarudzo, iwe unofanirwa kuve wakanyanya, chenjera!

Usati watanga basa, pfeka magirovhosi erabha uye magogorosi uye chengetedza zvakanaka. Sarudza kamuri ine mweya wakakwana uye chengetedza vana kure newe paunenge uchishanda.

Dilution ye sulfuric acid inoitwa mumvura yakasvibiswa murukova rwakaonda / rwakayerera. Paunenge uchidira acid, iwe unofanirwa kugara uchimutsa mhinduro negirazi regirazi. Kana wapedza, unofanirwa kuvhara chinhu icho nemucheka uye wochitonhora uye ugare usiku hwese.

Zvinonyanya kukosha! Nguva dzose dururira mvura mundiro uye wobva wawedzera asidhi pairi. Kana iwe ukachinja akateedzana, iwe unowana kupisa kupisa uye kupisa!

Kana iwe uine chinangwa chekushandisa bhatiri mune yakadzikama mamiriro ekunze, iyo acid / mvura reshiyo inofanira kunge iri 0,36 litita. acid pa1 litre yemvura yakadonhedzwa, uye kana mamiriro ekunze achidziya, chiyero chiri 0,33 litita. asidhi pa litita yemvura.

Kanzuru. Nepo iwe uchikwanisa kuwedzera kuwanda kwemvura inoshanda iwe pachako, mhinduro yakangwara, kunyanya kana bhatiri rako rachembera, ndere kungoitsiva neimwe nyowani. Nenzira iyi, haufanire kunetseka nezvekunyungudutsa asidhi nenzira kwayo, pamwe nekukanganisa kana uchisanganisa kana kuzadza bhatiri.

Izvo zvakave pachena kuti rudzii rweacid iri mumabhatiri, asi zvine njodzi here?

Battery acid, kunyangwe yakasanganiswa, chinhu chisina kugadzikana uye chine njodzi chisina kungosvibisa nharaunda chete asi chinogona kukuvadza zvakanyanya hutano hwevanhu. Kufema mweya weacid fumes hakugone chete kuti kufema kuome, asi kunogona kukonzera mhedzisiro mumapapu nemumhepo.

Kugara kwenguva yakareba kune mhute kana bhatiri asidhi mhute kunogona kutungamira kuzvirwere senge yekumusoro kufema turakiti cataract, tishu corrosion, kunetseka kwemuromo uye nevamwe.

Kamwe paganda, iyi acid inogona kukonzera kutsvuka, kupisa, uye nezvimwe. Kana ikapinda mumaziso ako, inogona kutungamira kuhupofu.

Kuwedzera pakuva nenjodzi kuhutano, bhatiri acid inewo njodzi kune zvakatipoteredza. Bhatiri rekare rakaraswa mukurasa kana electrolyte spill inogona kusvibisa mvura yepasi, zvichitungamira kunjodzi yezvakatipoteredza.

Naizvozvo, kurudziro yenyanzvi iri seinotevera:

• gara uchitarisa chiyero uye kuwanda kweiyo electrolyte munzvimbo dzine mweya;
• Kana iwe ukawana bhatiri asidi pamaoko ako, geza ivo nekukasira nemhinduro yemvura uye kubika pasoda.

Tora matanho anodiwa pakubata acid.

• kana iyo density ye electrolyte yakaderera, zviri nani kubata yakasarudzika sevhisi uye usayedze kuzviita iwe pachako. Kushanda nesulfuric acid usina kudzidziswa kwakakodzera uye ruzivo hakugone chete kukuvadza bhatiri rako zvachose, asi zvakare kunokuvadza hutano hwako;
• kana uine bhatiri rekare, usarikande mumarara emarara, asi tsvaga nzvimbo dzakazara dzekurasa marara (kana zvitoro zvinogamuchira mabhatiri ekare). Sezvo mabhatiri ari marara ane njodzi, kuraswa mumabhomba ekurasa marara kana mumidziyo kunogona kutungamira kunjodzi yezvakatipoteredza. Nekufamba kwenguva, iyo electrolyte iri mubhatiri inodurura nekusvibisa ivhu nemvura yepasi.

Nekupa bhatiri rako rekare kunzvimbo dzakatarwa, hauzongodziviriri nharaunda nehutano hwevamwe, asi iwe zvakare unobatsira hupfumi sezvo mabhatiri anodzoreka anogona kugadziriswazve.
Isu tinoshuvira kuti tiunze kujeka kushoma pane rudzi rweasidhi iri mumabhatiri uye nei iyi chaiyo asidi ichishandiswa. Isu tinotarisirawo kuti nguva inotevera paunofanira kutsiva bhatiri rako neimwe nyowani, iwe uchave nechokwadi chekuti chekare chinoshandiswa kudzokorodza, kuitira kuti zvisasvibisa nharaunda uye zvisakanganisa hutano hwevanhu.

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Chii chinonzi acid mubhatiri? Lead-asidhi mabhatiri anoshandisa sulfuric acid. Inosanganiswa nemvura yakasvibiswa. Asidhi inosvika 30-35% yehuwandu hwe electrolyte.

Chii chinonzi sulfuric acid mubhatiri? Kana yachajiwa, mahwendefa akanaka anoburitsa maerekitironi, nepo mahwendefa asina kunaka achigamuchira lead oxide. Munguva yekubuda, iyo reverse process inoitika kuseri kwe sulfuric acid.

Chii chinoitika kana bhatiri acid ikapinda paganda? Kana iwe ukashandisa electrolyte pasina midziyo yekudzivirira (magirovhosi, respirator uye goggles), ipapo kemikari inopisa inogadzirwa apo asidhi inosangana neganda.