Chii chinofanira kunge chiri kudzvanywa kwemafuta muinjini? Sei pressure ichidonha kana kukwira?
Kumanikidzwa kwemafuta muinjini ndiyo parameter iyo kushanda kwesimba remagetsi kunoenderana. Zvisinei, kana iwe ukabvunza muvhareji wemuridzi wemotokari mubvunzo: "Chii chinofanira kunge chiri kumanikidzwa kwemafuta mujini?", Haakwanisi kupa mhinduro yakajeka kwairi.
Icho chokwadi ndechekuti mumotokari zhinji dzemazuva ano pane chiridzwa pane hapana yakaparadzana geji yekumanikidza inoratidza iyi parameter. Uye kusashanda muhurongwa hwekuzora kunoratidzwa nemwenje mutsvuku muchimiro chekudiridza. Kana ikavhenekera, ipapo kudzvanywa kwemafuta kwakawedzera zvakanyanya kana kudonha kune zvakakosha zvakakosha. Saka, iwe unofanirwa kumisa mota uye kugadzirisa dambudziko.
Chii chinotarisa kudzvanywa kweoiri muinjini?
Kumanikidzwa kwemafuta mujini hakusi kukosha kwekugara, zvichienderana nemiganhu yakawanda. Chero mugadziri wemotokari anotsanangura miganhu inogamuchirwa. Semuyenzaniso, kana tikatora avhareji data yemhando dzakasiyana dzemotokari, ipapo hunhu hunoshanda hunotaridzika seizvi:
- 1.6 uye 2.0 litre peturu injini - 2 atmospheres pasina basa, 2.7-4.5 atm. pa 2000 rpm;
- 1.8 litita - 1.3 pakutonhora, 3.5-4.5 atm. pa 2000 rpm;
- 3.0 litre injini - 1.8 pa x.x., uye 4.0 atm. pa 2000 rpm.
Kune injini dzedhiziri, mufananidzo wacho wakasiyana zvishoma. Kumanikidzwa kwemafuta pavari kwakaderera. Semuyenzaniso, kana tikatora yakakurumbira TDI injini nevhoriyamu 1.8-2.0 litres, zvino pakusashanda kumanikidza iri 0.8 atm. Paunosimudzira uye uchichinjika mumagiya epamusoro pa2000 rpm, kudzvanywa kunokwira kune maviri anga.
Rangarira kuti iyi ingori data yekufungidzira kune chaiwo maitiro ekushandisa eiyo magetsi unit. Zviri pachena kuti nekuwedzera kwekukurumidza kusvika kune simba guru, iyi parameter ichakura kunyange yakakwirira. Chiyero chinodiwa chinoputirwa nerubatsiro rwechigadzirwa chakakosha zvakadaro mugadziriro yekuzora sepombi yemafuta. Basa rayo nderekumanikidza oiri yeinjini kuti itenderere kuburikidza nejaketi reinjini uye kugeza ese anodyidzana esimbi zvinhu: madziro emapiston nemasilinda, crankshaft journals, valve mechanism uye camshaft.
Kudonha kwekumanikidzwa, pamwe nekuwedzera kwayo kwakanyanya, mamiriro ezvinhu anotyisa. Kana iwe ukasateerera kune inopisa icon pane panhizha munguva, mhedzisiro ichave yakakomba, sezvo panguva yenzara yemafuta, inodhura cylinder-piston boka uye crankshaft inopfeka nekukurumidza.
Sei mafuta emafuta asina kujairika?
Kunyanya kudzvinyirira kunotungamirira kune chokwadi chokuti mafuta anotanga kuyerera kubva pasi pezvisimbiso uye kuvhara kwevhavha, inopinda mumakamuri ekupisa, sezvinoratidzwa nekusagadzikana kushanda kwejini uye kupera nekunhuhwirira kunobva kune muffler. Pamusoro pazvo, oiri inotanga kupupa kana crankshaft counterweights ichitenderera. Mune izwi, mamiriro acho haafadzi, anotungamira kumarara makuru, kusvika pakugadzirisa kukuru.
Sei izvi zviri kuitika:
- mafuta asina kusarudzwa, anowedzera viscous;
- fake mafuta;
- kuvharidzirwa kwepombi dzemafuta, mafuta uye nzira - nekuda kwekuvhara kana kuwedzera viscosity;
- clogged sefa;
- kusashanda kwekumanikidza kuderedza kana kuti bypass valve;
- yakawandisa gasi kudzvanywa mu crankcase nekuda kwekutadza kuparadzanisa oiri.
Aya matambudziko anogona kugadziriswa nekuchinja mafuta uye sefa. Zvakanaka, kana mavharuvhu, muparadzi wemafuta kana pombi pachayo isingashande zvakajairika, ichafanirwa kuchinjwa. Hapana imwe nzira yekubuda nayo.
Ziva kuti high pressure inyaya yakajairika kunyangwe kumota nyowani. Asi kana ikatanga kudonha, ichi chatova chikonzero chekufunga, sezvo chero munhu anofungisisa anonyatsoziva kuti kuderera kwemafuta chiratidzo cheinjini yakasakara uye kuvandudzwa kuri kuuya. Nei pressure yeoiri ichiderera?
Kana tikarasa chikonzero chakadaro seyero isina kukwana nekuda kwekukanganwa kwemuridzi wemotokari, saka zvimwe zvikonzero zvinogona kunge zvinotevera:
- kukanganisa (kunamatira) kwevhavha yekuderedza kudzvinyirira;
- kuderedzwa kwemafuta nekuda kwe cylinder musoro gasket kupfeka uye antifreeze kupinda mukati me crankcase;
- kusakwana viscosity yemafuta einjini;
- kuwedzera kupfeka kwezvikamu zvepombi yemafuta, mhete dzepiston, mabheji etsvimbo ekubatanidza crankshaft.
Kana pane kupfeka pazvikamu zvejini, ipapo kudonha kwekumanikidza kunoperekedzwa nekuderera kwekumanikidza. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinopupurira izvi: kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta uye oiri pachayo, kudonha kweinjini yekusundidzira, kusagadzikana idling uye kana uchichinja kune akasiyana spidhi renji.
Chii chandingaita kuti ndisadonha?
Chekutanga pane zvese, iwe unofanirwa kuve neshuwa kuti iyo yekumanikidza sensor iri kushanda nemazvo. Kana chiedza chine chigadziko chekudiridza pamudziyo wezviridzwa chichivhenekera kana kuti chinopenya, tinomisa motokari, tinozarura hood uye tinoyera kudzvinyirira tichishandisa geji yakakosha. Iyo yekumanikidza gauge yekubuda inopindirwa munzvimbo ye sensor pane injini. Motokari inofanira kunge ichidziya. Isu tinogadzirisa kudzvanywa mu crankcase pasina basa uye pa2000 rpm. Ngatitarisei tafura.
Kuti kumanikidzwa kugare kwakajairika, unofanirwa kutevedzera mitemo inotevera:
- zadza mafuta anokurudzirwa nemugadziri maererano nezinga re viscosity - takatokurukura nyaya iyi pa vodi.su;
- tinocherechedza kuwanda kwekushandura mafuta nemafuta sefa;
- gara uchitsvaira injini nekuwedzera kana mafuta ekutsvaira;
- kana zviratidzo zvekufungira zvikaonekwa, tinoenda kunoongororwa kwekutanga kuziva chikonzero.
Chinhu chiri nyore chinogona kuitwa nemuridzi wemotokari kugara achiyera huwandu hwemafuta mu crankcase ne dipstick. Kana iyo lubricant ine simbi particles uye tsvina, inofanira kuchinjwa.
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