Air conditioning haishande: sei kudzivirira kudziya kwepasi mumotokari yako

Nzendo dzeZhizha nemotokari negokora rekuruboshwe rakaburitsa hwindo uye mamwe mahwindo akavhurika kuti pave nemhepo yakakwana yekabhini chinhu chekare. Vatyairi vazhinji nhasi vane maair-conditioning masisitimu mumotokari dzavo anoita kuti kutyaira mukupisa kuve kwakanaka. Nekudaro, mota dzeair conditioning masisitimu dzakaoma uye dzisina njodzi midziyo mumigwagwa yakaoma. Zvinoita here kukurumidza kumisa malfunctions amuka mumhepo conditioner uye zvakakodzera here kuedza kuzvigadzirisa iwe pachako?

Iyo air conditioner mumotokari haishande - zvikonzero uye kubviswa kwavo

Iyo air conditioner isingabatike kana kubatika, asi isingatonhodze kamuri yevatakuri, inotungamira kune zvakaenzana zvinosiririsa, kunyangwe zvikonzero zveizvi zvinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya. Izvo zvinonyanya kushata mumotokari air conditioning system zvinokonzerwa ne:

• refrigerant kushomeka;
• kusvibiswa kwemhepo yemhepo;
• chikuru chipingamupinyi;
• compressor dambudziko;
• kukundikana kwe capacitor;
• kuparara kwe evaporator;
• mugamuchiri kukundikana;
• kukundikana kweiyo thermostatic valve;
• matambudziko fan;
• kukundikana kwe sensor pressure;
• kukundikana mukushanda kwegadziriro yemagetsi.
  

  Aya ndiwo mashandiro anoita air conditioning system mumotokari.

Haina kukwana firiji

Kana pane kushayikwa kwefiriji nenzira yefreon muhurongwa, inovharwa pakarepo. Muchiitiko ichi, hazvibatsiri kuedza kuvhara air conditioner uchishandisa unit control unit. Hapana zvishoma zvinonetsa kuedza kuzvimiririra kutsiva kushomeka kwefreon muhurongwa. Nyanzvi dzinoti hazvigoneke nehunyanzvi tekinoroji kuita oparesheni iyi mugaraji. Kunyanya kana pane refrigerant leak muhurongwa, izvo zvisingakwanisi kuona iwe pachako. Kuedza kwevamwe vatyairi kuzadza hurongwa neR134 freon vari voga vachishandisa spray kazhinji vanogona kupera nesando yemvura inodzima air conditioner. Vashandi pachiteshi chebasa vanozadza iyo air conditioning system nefreon vachishandisa yakakosha kuisirwa uye kubhadharisa sevhisi muhuwandu hwe700-1200 rubles.

Nyanzvi hadzikurudzire kuzadza mamiriro ekunze nefreon pachavo, kunyangwe vamwe vatyairi vanoita izvi nekubudirira kwakasiyana.

Air conditioner kusvibiswa

Dambudziko iri ndiro rinonyanya kukonzera kutadza kwe auto-coding system. Kuunganidza tsvina uye unyoro kunokonzera kuora pamapombi emutsara uye condenser, iyo inozopedzisira yakonzera kuora mwoyo kwemhepo inotonhora. Sechiyero chekudzivirira chechiitiko ichi, iwe unofanirwa kugeza mota yako kazhinji nekugezesa mota, kana usakanganwa nezve injini yekamuri paunenge uchigeza mota yako. Zviratidzo zvekunyanya kusvibiswa kweair conditioner ndezvi:

• system kutadza kuvhura;
• kuvharika kwechimbichimbi paunenge usingaiti mumotokari;
• shutdown paunenge uchityaira pa low speed.

Ichi chiitiko chinotsanangurwa nekupisa kwechigadzirwa, izvo zvinotungamira mukuwedzera kwekumanikidza mudunhu uye kunotevera otomatiki kudzima kwehurongwa. Paunenge uchityaira nekumhanya kwazvo, kuvhuvhuta kwakanyanya kwemhepo yezvikamu zvemhepo inofefetera system inovabvumira kuti vatonhore pasi uye air conditioner inotendeuka zvakare. Iyi mamiriro ndiwo chiratidzo chakajeka chekunyatsogeza motokari.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, iyo air conditioning system haigoni kuumba mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka muimba.

Kuvhiringidzwa kwedunhu

Mamiriro ezvinhu aya ndeekuenderera mberi kwezviri pamusoro uye chimwe chezvikonzero zvinowanzoitika zvekukundikana kwemhepo inogadzirisa mhepo. Tsvina inounganidza panguva yekushanda kwemotokari mumakona emugwagwa mukuru uye munzvimbo dzine kuderera kwakaderera kunotungamirira pakuumbwa kwemigwagwa yemigwagwa inodzivirira kutenderera kwefriji uye inoshandura air conditioner kuita chinhu chisingabatsiri. Pamusoro pezvo, kuita kwecompressor kuri panjodzi, iyo inotanga kusangana nekushomeka kwemafuta anopihwa nefreon. Uye kubva pano haisi kure nejamming ye compressor - kuparara kunodhura zvakanyanya. Kuti ubvise kuvharidzirwa kwedunhu, iwe uchafanirwa kuparadzanisa chikamu chemhepo inogadzirisa uye kubvisa mutsara pasi pekumanikidzwa.

Imwe dambudziko rinogona kuitika mukushanda kwedunhu rinowanzoita depressurization. Kazhinji kazhinji, deformation yezvisimbiso uye gaskets pasi pesimba remamiriro ekunze uye ekunze zvinhu zvinotungamira kwazviri. Zvimwe chete zvinogona kuitika nehosi huru. Kuti abvise dambudziko racho, zvakakosha kutsiva zvikamu zvedunhu guru izvo zvave zvisingagoneki, izvo zvinokurudzirwa kuita muchiteshi chebasa. Uye seyero yekudzivirira, iwe unofanirwawo kubatidza air conditioner kanenge kaviri pamwedzi muchando uye rega ishande kwemaminitsi gumi. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, inofanira kuyeukwa kuti munguva yechando air conditioner inogona kuvhurwa chete kana kabhini ichidziya.

Compressor kuputsika

Sezvineiwo, dambudziko iri hariwanzo kuitika, sezvo mhinduro yaro, sezvatotaurwa, inodhura. Uye zvinotungamira kune kana kupfeka kweyuniti kubva kushanda kwenguva refu, kana kushomeka kwekuzora. Chinhu chekupedzisira ndicho chikuru uye mhedzisiro yezvikonzero zvakurukurwa pamusoro apa. Uye zvakare, yakanamatira compressor inogona kuita kuti air conditioner imhanye kwenguva yakawandisa isina kuibatidza. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, jammed compressor inoda kuchinjwa kwayo, iyo inogona kuitwa chete nerubatsiro rwenyanzvi.

Zviri nyore kwazvo kugadzirisa dambudziko rakabatana nekutadza kwe compressor kushanda nekuda kwemamiriro ebhandi rekutyaira. Kana iyo isina simba kana kubvaruka zvachose, saka inofanira kusimbiswa kana kutsiviwa neimwe itsva. Kushanda kwese kuri mukati mesimba remutyairi wese. Seyero yekudzivirira, zvinokurudzirwa kugara uchiongorora bhandi rekutyaira. Kunyangwe kana ichiwanzo tension, kukuvara kudiki kwairi kunofanirwa kutoshanda sechiratidzo chekutsiviwa kwayo.

Izvi ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosha zveair conditioning system zvinotaridzika

Capacitor kukundikana

Iyo condenser yeair conditioning system, iri pamberi pemota radiator, inoratidzwa kumhepo inouya panguva yekufamba, iyo inotakura nehunyoro, tsvina, guruva, marara, uye zvipembenene. Zvose izvi zvinovhara masero e-condenser uye zvakanyanya kuderedza kupisa kwekushisa, semugumisiro wekuti chigadzirwa chacho chinopisa. Izvi zvinokanganisa nekukurumidza mota painenge iri mutraffic jam kana pakutyaira ichimhanya yakaderera, sezvatotaurwa pamusoro apa.

Ichi chikamu chemamiriro ekunze emotokari chinomira pamberi pe radiator uye chinotora marara ose anounzwa nemhepo iri kuuya.

Kuti ugadzirise dambudziko, ridza kunze condenser nemhepo yakamanikidzwa kana kuipusha nemvura yakakwira. Muchiitiko ichi, zvinokurudzirwa kubvisa radiator grille pamotokari, kusunungura mabhaudhi anokwirisa pane condenser uye kuwana mukana kune iyo reverse side. Iyo inoshandiswa inobvisa zvipembenene inogona kunyatsochenesa condenser mukati mehafu yeawa, uye peturu inogona kubvisa madhipoziti emafuta uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa kubva mairi.

Kana huchi hwakaremara hunowanikwa pane condenser radiator, saka zviri nani kuvaruramisa nezvinhu zvehuni zvakadai setoothpick.

Evaporator kukundikana

Kakawanda, kutenderedza air conditioner kunoperekedzwa nekuonekwa kwekunhuhwirira kusingafadzi muimba yeimba. Tsime yavo ndeye evaporator, iri pasi pedhibhodhi uye inomiririra radiator. Panguva yekushanda, inokwanisa kuvhara neguruva uye kuunganidza unyoro, izvo zvinogadzira mamiriro akanaka ekuberekwa kwe microorganisms, iyo inobudisa kunhuhwirira kusingafadzi.

Iwe unogona kugadzirisa mamiriro acho pachako nekushandisa yakakosha chishandiso chakapfapfaidzwa neaerosol can. Nekudaro, zvinonyanya kukosha kutendeukira kune nyanzvi dzave nadzo michina yebiological uye ultrasonic yekuchenesa kwete chete evaporator radiator, asiwo ese ari padyo nemhepo ducts. Izvi ndizvo zvakanyanya kudiwa, sezvo evaporator yakavharika, kuwedzera kune kunhuhwirira kusingadiwi, inogona kuve tsime rezvirwere zvinotapukira.

Inobva muchigadzirwa ichi kuti kunhuhwirira kusingafadzi kunogona kubva mukati memotokari.

Kukundikana kwesefa yekuomesa

Kana iyo mota yemhepo inofefetera system ikatadza nekuvharika kwega kwega, uye masisitimu hosi akafukidzwa nechando, zvino izvi zvinoratidza kusashanda kweanogamuchira, anonziwo sefa drier. Basa rayo nderekubvisa mvura kubva muhurongwa uye kusefa firiji. Iyo sefa inoburitsa freon kubva kune tsvina zvigadzirwa zvinobva kune compressor.

Hazvina kuoma kusvika kune iyi kifaa, iyo isingagoni kutaurwa pamusoro pekuzviongorora kwekudonha.

Kazhinji, mhosva yekuora mwoyo kweanogamuchira, nekuda kwekuti inorega kuita mabasa ayo, ndeye freon pachayo, somuenzaniso, makirasi R12 uye 134a. Iine fluorine uye chlorine, iyo refrigerant, kana yasanganiswa nemvura, inoumba maasidhi anoparadza zvinhu zvemhepo inofefetera. Naizvozvo, vagadziri veairconditioner vanokurudzira kuti vatengi vachinje sefa yekuomesa kamwechete pamakore maviri.

Kuora mwoyo kweanogamuchira uye kubuda kwefreon kubva kwairi kunoperekedzwa nekuumbwa kwekumiswa kwechena pamusoro pechigadzirwa. Waona izvi, zvinodikanwa kuti uende pakarepo kune nyanzvi dzinozozadza sisitimu nedhayi gasi uye nekukurumidza kuona kudonha uchishandisa ultraviolet mwenje. Mune mamiriro egaraji reamateur, zvinonetsa kuita izvi uri wega.

Kusashanda kwevharuvhu yekuwedzera

Ichi chinhu cheair conditioner chakagadzirirwa optimize tembiricha hutongi uye kuibatanidza pamwe nekumanikidza muhurongwa, izvo zvinodiwa kune yakajairika mamiriro efiriji. Kana vharuvhu yekuwedzera ikakundikana, pachava nekukanganisa mukupihwa kwemhepo inotonhora. Kazhinji kazhinji, kutonhora kwemahosi makuru kunoonekwa.

Chikonzero chikuru chekukundikana kwechikamu ichi chemhepo inogadzirisa kukuvara kwemagetsi kana kugadzirisa kusina kunaka. Muchiitiko chekupedzisira, zvakakosha kugadzirisa kugadzirisa, uye kukanganisa kwemagetsi kunoda kuchinjwa kwechigadzirwa. Panewo zviitiko apo kusvibiswa kwegadziriro kunotsamwisa valve yekuwedzera kune jam, iyo inodawo kuchinjwa kwayo.

Kazhinji kacho, mudziyo uyu wakashata unofanirwa kutsiviwa.

Fani kukundikana

Ichi chinhu chemotokari yemhepo yemhepo haipo mune ese air conditioners, uye pairi, haawanzokundikana. Nekudaro, kana izvi zvikaitika, zvinonzwika kuburikidza nekutonhodza kushoma kwekamuri yevafambi, kana kunyangwe nekudzima mudziyo. Mabasa efan ndeyekuwedzera kutonhodza freon uye kukurudzira kuyerera kwemhepo inotonhora mucabin. Kana iyo fan ikakundikana, iyo firiji inopisa, ichisimudza kudzvanywa muhurongwa, iyo inongovhara kushanda kwayo. Iyo fan inogona kukundikana nekuda kwe:

• kuputsa mumagetsi ekugadzirisa magetsi;
• kuparara kwemotokari yemagetsi;
• kupfeka kupfeka;
• kusashanda kwema sensors ekumanikidza;
• mechanical defects mumashizha.

Kazhinji, vatyairi vanoona zviri nyore kushamwaridzana kusina kuvimbika mumagetsi emagetsi uye kubvisa kusashanda. Kana zviri mukati mehurema hwe fan, pano kazhinji kazhinji unofanirwa kutendeukira kune nyanzvi kana kutsiva zvachose chikamu.

Kuputsika kwayo kunoonekwa pakarepo panguva yekushanda kwemhepo inogadzirisa.

Pressure sensor kutadza

Ichi chinhu chemukati memota yekutonhora system chakagadzirirwa kudzima air conditioner kana dzvinyiriro muhurongwa ichikwira zvakanyanya, sezvo kudzvanywa pamusoro peiyo chiyero kunogona kutungamira mukuparara kwemuviri system. Iyo yekumanikidza sensor inewo basa rekuchinja kana kudzima panguva ye fan. Kazhinji, iyo sensor yekumanikidza inotadza nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwakanyanya, kukuvadzwa kwemechini, kana kutyorwa mabhatani mumajoini. Nerubatsiro rwekuongorora kwekombuta pachiteshi chebasa, kutadza mukushanda kwechigadzirwa ichi kunoonekwa nekukurumidza. Mumamiriro egaraji, izvi zvinonetsa, asi mushure mekuita kuongororwa kwakakodzera, hazvisi zvakaoma kutsiva sensor isingashande iwe pachako. Izvi zvinoda gomba rekuona uye wrench yakavhurika pa "14". The part replacement process ndeiyi inotevera:

1. Izvo zvinodikanwa kudzima injini, sezvo kutsiva kunoitwa chete nekudzima moto.
2. Ipapo iwe unofanirwa kufambisa zvishoma iyo yepurasitiki bumper kuchengetedza uye kuwana mukana kune yekumanikidza sensor iri kurudyi.
3. Kuti uibvise, sunungura latch paplug uye wobvisa waya dzakabatanidzwa.
4. Iye zvino zvakakosha kusunungura sensor ne wrench, pasina kutya freon leakage, sezvo system yacho ine yakakosha kuchengetedza valve.
5. Mushure meizvozvo, zvinongosara kupinza mudziyo mutsva munzvimbo ino uye kuita nhanho dzakapfuura mukudzosera kumashure.
   

   Iyi diki diki inopihwa kugona kudzima otomatiki mamiriro ekunze ese.

Zvimwe zvikonzero zvinogoneka nei air conditioner isingashande

Kana mumotokari dzakawanda dzimwe nzvimbo dzine dambudziko muchikamu chemagetsi dzichiwanikwa nekufamba kwenguva, saka, maererano nenyanzvi, chikamu chehurombo-hunyoro hwekutengesa uye husina simba hwekubatanidza mumakonikisheni mumagetsi emagetsi emagetsi emhepo inotowedzera.

Kazhinji, magetsi e-on-board emotokari ndiwo ane mhosva yekukundikana kweair conditioner kutendeuka. Semuyenzaniso, kana bhatani rekubatidza air conditioning system rikadzvanywa, chiratidzo chinobva pairi chinoenda kune electronic control unit (ECU) yemota. Kana pane matambudziko mumagetsi emagetsi ehurongwa kana mubhatani pachayo, komputa inogona kusapindura chiratidzo kubva kubhatani remhepo, uye iyo system haingoshande. Nokudaro, mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro uye seyero yekudzivirira, zvinobatsira "kuridza" magetsi emagetsi emhepo yemhepo uye bhatani remagetsi pacharo uchishandisa multimeter.

Kazhinji, iyo electromagnetic clutch ye compressor inotadza. Pachiteshi chebasa, inowanzotsiviwa zvachose. Ichi chikamu chinodhura, asi hazvikurudzirwi kuchigadzirisa muzvikamu uye zvakasununguka, sezvinoratidzwa nemaitiro. Kutanga, zvikamu zvaro zvega muhuwandu huchadhura zvakafanana ne clutch itsva, uye, chechipiri, kuzvigadzirisa pachako kwakaoma uye zvinotora nguva yakawanda uye simba rekutya.

Ichi chikamu chinodhura kazhinji chinofanira kutsiviwa zvachose.

Kuzvigadzirisa pachako kwakakosha?

Muenzaniso une yemagetsi compressor clutch inoratidza kuti kuzvigadzirisa kwega kwezvinhu zvakakundikana zve auto air conditioning system iri kure nekugara kwakarurama. Kunyangwe iine mwero wakakodzera wekukodzera kwemutyairi, inogamuchirwa uye inowanzoitwa. Chiyero chemutengo wezvinhu zvega zvemotokari yemhepo yemhepo system (zvichienderana nekirasi yayo uye mhando) uye mutengo wekugadzirisa pachiteshi chebasa unogona kutongwa nenhamba dzinotevera:

• iyo yemagetsi clutch ye compressor inodhura muhuwandu hwe1500-6000 rubles;
• iyo compressor pachayo - 12000-23000 rubles;
• evaporator - 1500-7000 rubles;
• vharafu yekuwedzera - 2000-3000 rubles;
• air conditioner radiator - 3500-9000 rubles;
• cabin filter - 200-800 rubles;
• kuzadza hurongwa ne freon, compressor mafuta - 700-1200 rubles.

Mutengo wekugadzirisa unoenderana nekuoma kwayo, mhando yemotokari, mhando yemhepo inofefetera uye nhanho yemukurumbira wechiteshi chebasa. Kana tikaenderera kubva paavhareji zviratidzi, ipapo kugadzirisa kwakazara kompressor, semuenzaniso, kunodhura pakati pe2000-2500 rubles, uye kutsvaira imwe-circuit air conditioning system (+ flushing fluid) inogona kuguma zviuru gumi rubles. Kutsiva iyo compressor pulley, iyo iri nyore kuita iwe pachako, inodhura (kunze kwemutengo webhanhire pachayo) kanenge 10000 rubles. Kana tikatora mutengo wekugadzirisa kwakaoma kweair conditioner pamotokari yepamusoro pamwe nekutsiviwa kwefiriji, mafuta uye compressor sesirin'i inogadziriswa, ipapo mari yacho inogona kusvika ku500 rubles.

Nzira yekudzivirira sei air conditioner kukundikana

Inoshanda zvakanaka air conditioner pamotokari itsva ichiri kuda kuongororwa makore ose 2-3. Ichi chinodiwa chinotsanangurwa nenyaya yekuti kunyange yakanyatsovharwa system gore negore inorasikirwa kusvika ku15% yefreon inotenderera mairi. Motokari yasvika pazera remakore matanhatu yatova pasi pekuongororwa kwegore negore kwemamiriro ekunze ayo, sezvo gaskets mumajoini inopera panguva yekushanda, uye kuputika kuduku kunoonekwa pamapombi makuru. Mukuwedzera, seyero yekudzivirira, nyanzvi dzinokurudzira:

1. Isa imwe mesh pane bumper kuchengetedza air conditioner radiator kubva kumarara nematombo madiki. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kumotokari dzine mahombe-mesh radiator grilles.
2. Nguva dzose shandura air conditioner uye panguva yakareba yekudzikisa motokari, uye kunyange munguva yechando. Kushanda kwemaminetsi gumi kwechishandiso kakati wandei pamwedzi kuchabatsira kudzivirira kuomesa kunze kwezvinhu zvikuru.
3. Dzima mudziyo wemamiriro ekunze nguva pfupi rwendo rusati rwapera nechitofu chichishanda, izvo zvinoita kuti mweya unodziya uomese madhakisi emhepo, zvichisiya pasina mukana wekuti utachiona huwande maari.

Vhidhiyo: maitiro ekukurumidza kutarisa kushanda kweair conditioner iwe pachako

Ita-iwe-iwe wega air conditioner diagnostics

Kukundikana mukushanda kwemamiriro ekunze emotokari kunogona kukonzerwa nezvinetso zvose zvakadzika mumudziyo wakabatana nekushanda kusina kunaka kwezvinhu zvayo zvega, uye nekushayikwa kwefiriji yekutanga. Asi chero zvipi zvazvo, zviito zvekudzivirira, zvinonyanya kuratidzwa mukutarisira kuchena kwemotokari yako, kubhadhara kakawanda pamusoro pezvinogona kuitika zvinogadzirisa mari.