Lancia

Zviri mukati MuvambiEmblemNhoroondo yemota mumamodheru Iyo Lancia mhando yagara ichionekwa seyakanyanya kukakavara. Mune dzimwe nzira, motokari dzaive dzakakwirira zvikuru kune motokari dzevakwikwidzi, asi mune dzimwe nzira dzakanga dzakaderera zvikuru kwavari. Zvose zvinogona kutaurwa zvechokwadi ndezvokuti havana kumbosiya vanhu vasina hanya, pasinei nekusawirirana kwakasimba. Ichi chinyorwa chine mukurumbira chakasangana nekukwira nekudzika kwakasimba, asi chakakwanisa kuchengetedza mukurumbira wakanaka uye chinzvimbo chinoremekedzwa. Iye zvino Lancia inogadzira modhi imwe chete, inova mhedzisiro yekuderera kwechido mukambani uye dambudziko rakakura rehupfumi, nekuda kwekuti kambani yakarasikirwa zvakanyanya. Zvakadaro, mukurumbira wake wakavimbiswa nemhando dzekare dzakaburitswa panguva yeheyday yemhando. Ivo vachiri kuunza kufarira kwakawanda kupfuura mamwe mamodheru emazuva ano, ndosaka gore rega rega Lancia inova nhoroondo. Uye, zvichida, izvi ndezvezvakanakisisa, kuitira kuti vatyairi vasarasikirwa neruremekedzo rwechiratidzo uye nzira yayo yakareba yekusimudzira mumusika uyu. Mushure mezvose, zvakakosha kumira nenguva, uye kwete kusiiwa usina mukana wekusangana nezvinotarisirwa zvevose vanoda Lancia nemotokari dzayo dzinozivikanwa. Muvambi weLancia Automobiles SpA injiniya yekuItaly uye mutyairi wemijaho Vincenzo Lancia. Akaberekerwa mumhuri yakajairika uye aiva mukomana wekupedzisira pavana 4. Kubvira achiri muduku, akaratidza kufarira masvomhu uye aifarira teknolojia. Vabereki vaidavira kuti Vincenzo zvechokwadi aizova akaunzi, uye iye pachake akateerera basa rakadaro. Asi nekukurumidza zvikuru, mota dzekutanga dzehafu yechipiri yezana ramakore reXNUMX dzakava chinhu chakakosha chekuzvivaraidza kwaari. Vincenzo akava mudzidzi waGiovanni Battista Seirano, uyo akazotanga kambani yeFiat uye akabatsira pakusikwa kweLancia. Chokwadi, aidzokera kubasa reakaunzi nguva nenguva. Lancia paakasvitsa makore 19, akagadzwa semutyairi webvunzo uye Fiat inspector. Akaita mabasa ake nenzira isina mhosva, achiwana ruzivo runoshanda runokosha, rwakabatsira kutanga zita rake. Nenguva isipi Vincenzo akava mutyairi wemujaho: muna 1900, mumotokari yeFiat, akahwina First French Grand Prix. Kunyange ipapo, akava munhu anoremekedzwa, naizvozvo kusikwa kwefekitari yakaparadzana kwakanga kusati kuri chisarudzo chokuzvidira. Kusiyana neizvi, zvakawedzera kufarira: vatyairi vemotokari vakanga vakamirira mhando itsva nekusashivirira kukuru. Muna 1906, mutyairi wemujaho uye injiniya akatanga kambani yake, Fabbrica Automobili Lancia, achitsigirwa naClaudio Forgiolin. Pamwe chete vakawana fekitari duku muTurin, kwavakagadzira motokari yemberi. Yokutanga modhi yainzi 18-24 HP, uye nezviyero zvenguva idzodzo yaigona kunzi revolutionary. Zvisinei, Lancia akakurumidza kuteerera zano romunun’una wake ndokutanga kutumidza motokari dzacho nemabhii echiGiriki kuitira kuti vatengi vabatsirwe. Mainjiniya nevagadziri vakaunza mumotokari matekinoroji epamusoro uye budiriro yepamusoro iyo vanga vachishanda kwegore rimwe chete. Mukati memakore mashoma, Fabbrica Automobili Lancia yakagadzira mota nhatu, mushure meizvozvo kambani yakachinjira kugadzirwa kwemarori nemotokari dzehondo. Makore ehondo akaita zvigadziriso zvawo, kunetsana kwenyika kwaida shanduko. Zvadaro, nokuda kwebasa rinorwadza, injini itsva dzakagadzirwa, iyo yakanga ine budiriro yakakura muindasitiri yemotokari. Mushure mekupera kwekurwisana, nzvimbo yekugadzira yakawedzera zvakanyanya - kurwisana kwezvombo kwakabatsira kugadzirwa kwekambani itsva panguva iyoyo. Nechekare muna 1921, kambani yakabudisa muenzaniso wekutanga nemuviri we monocoque - zvino yakava iyo yega yerudzi rwayo. Zvakare, iyo modhi yaive yakashongedzerwa nekumisa yakazvimirira, iyo yakawedzera kutengesa uye yakavabvumira kuti vaende pasi munhoroondo. Iyo inotevera Astura modhi yakashandisa patented meshini inobvumidza iwe kubatanidza furemu uye injini. Nekuda kweiyi tekinoroji nyowani, kudedera hakuna kunzwikwa mukabhini, saka nzendo dzakava dzakasununguka uye dzinonakidza sezvinobvira kunyangwe mumigwagwa ine makomba. Motokari yaitevera yakanga yakasiyana panguva iyoyo - Aurelia akashandisa 6-cylinder V-injini. Panguva iyoyo, vagadziri vakawanda uye mainjiniya vakatenda zvisizvo kuti haigoni kuenzana, asi Lancia akaratidza zvakasiyana. Muna 1969, vakuru vekambani vakatengesa chikamu chikuru muFiat. Pasinei nekupinda mune imwe kambani, Lancia akagadzira mhando dzose sekambani yakaparadzana uye haana kuvimba nemuridzi mutsva nenzira ipi zvayo. Munguva ino, mamwe mashoma akakosha mota akabuda, asi kubva 2015 nhamba yemotokari dzakagadzirwa yakaderera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye ikozvino kambani inongoburitsa Lancia Ypsilon yevatengi veItaly. Mumakore achangopfuura, mhando yakatambura kurasikirwa kukuru - inenge 700 euros, saka vatungamiri vakafunga kuti hazvibviri kumutsiridza chimiro chekare chechiratidzo. Emblem Muna 000, apo kambani yakatanga basa rayo, yakanga isina logo yayo. Pamota paive nerunyoro rwakachena "Lancia" pasina ruzivo rusina basa. Kare muna 1911, nekuda kwa Count Carl Biscaretti di Ruffia, shamwari yepedyo yaVincenzo Lancia, yekutanga logo yakaonekwa. Yaiva 4-spoke chidhiraivho chakatarisana nemureza weblue. Mureza kwaari waive mufananidzo wepfumo, sezvo iyi ndiyo nzira iyo zita rekambani rinoshandurwa kubva kuItaly. Pedyo, kurudyi, paive nemufananidzo wemubato wekumhanyisa kurudyi, uye zita rerudzi rweLancia rakanga ratove pakati. Nenzira, kambani inochengetedza font yakanaka kudaro kusvika nhasi. Muna 1929, Count Carl Biscaretti di Ruffia aida kugadzirisa mamwe magadzirirwo echiratidzo. Akaisa iyo yakafanana denderedzwa logo kumberi kwenhovo, uye kubva ipapo logo yakaramba yakadaro kwemakore mazhinji. Muna 1957, chiratidzo chakachinjwa zvakare. Maspokashi akabviswa kubva pachidhiraivho, uye logo pachayo yakarasikirwa nemavara ayo. Maererano nevagadziri, nzira iyi yaitaridzika zvakanyanya uye yemazuva ano. Muna 1974, nyaya yekushandura logo yaive yakakosha zvakare. Madhiraivha edhiraivha uye akapfuma ruvara rwebhuruu akadzoserwa kwaari, asi mifananidzo yezvimwe zvinhu pachayo yakarerutswa zvakanyanya kuita schematic minimalistic mifananidzo. Muna 2000, zvakakosha chrome zvinhu zvakawedzerwa kune iyo Lancia logo, nekuda kwekuti chiratidzo chaitaridzika-mativi matatu kunyangwe mumifananidzo ine mativi maviri. Nguva yekupedzisira iyo logo yakashandurwa yaive muna 2007: ipapo nyanzvi dzeRobilant Associati dzakashanda pairi. Sechikamu chekuchinja kwakakomba, vhiri rakapendwa zvakajeka, richibvisazve 2 spokes, uye mamwe akashanda se "pointer" yakatenderedza Lancia branding. Ichokwadi, vanoda brand havana kukoshesa chokwadi chokuti ikozvino logo yakanga isina pfumo uye mureza unodiwa nevakawanda. Nhoroondo yemotokari mumamodheru Iyo yekutanga modhi yakagamuchira zita rekushanda 18-24 HP, ndokuzonzizve Alpha. Yakabuda muna 1907 uye yakagadziriswa mugore rimwe chete. Yakashandisa cardan shaft panzvimbo yeketani, uye imwe yekutanga 6-cylinder injini yakatangwa zvakare. Kubva pamotokari yekutanga yakabudirira, imwe modhi yakagadzirwa inonzi Dialpha, yakabuda muna 1908 iine maitiro akafanana. Muchina weTheta unoonekwa muna 1913. Akava imwe yemotokari dzakavimbika dzepanguva iyoyo. Muna 1921, Lambda yakasunungurwa. Zvimiro zvayo zvaive zvakamira zvakazvimiririra uye muviri unotakura mutoro, panguva iyoyo mota yaive imwe yekutanga yerudzi rwayo. Muna 1937, Aprilia akakunguruka kubva pamutsetse wegungano - muenzaniso wekupedzisira, mukugadzirwa kwaro Vincenzo Lancia pachake akabatanidzwa zvakananga. Dhizaini yemotokari yaive yakati yeuchidza nezveMay bug, iyo yakazozivikanwa seyakasarudzika uye inimitable maitiro emuvambi wekambani. Aprilia yakatsiviwa naAurelia - motokari yakatanga kuratidzwa muTurin muna 1950. Vittorio Yano, mumwe wevatenzi vakanakisisa venguva yake, akatora chikamu mukugadzirwa kwemuenzaniso mutsva. Ipapo injini itsva yakagadzirwa nealuminium alloys yakaiswa mumotokari. Muna 1972 pamusika mumwe muenzaniso wakaonekwa - Lancia Beta, umo injini camshafts maviri akaiswa. Panguva imwecheteyo, rally Stratos yakaburitswa zvakare - vamhanyi vakahwina mibairo kuseri kwevhiri panguva yekutyaira kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana kuLe Mans. Muna 1984, itsva Lancia Thema sedan yakakunguruka kubva pamutsetse wegungano. Iri kudiwa kunyange nhasi, nokuti kunyange mumazuva iwayo, air conditioning, mamiriro ekunze uye mabhodhi emashoko akaiswa mumotokari, iyo yakaratidza ruzivo pamusoro pehutano hwemotokari. Dhizaini yeThema ndeyechinyakare, asi vanofarira mota vanocherekedza kuti mota yakagadzirwa zvakanaka, tichifunga kuti yakaburitswa muna 1984. Kare muna 1989, Lancia Dedra yakatangwa, sedan iyo yakarongerwa sekirasi yepamusoro. Ipapo mota yemitambo yakaita manyemwe nekuda kweiyo tekinoroji chikamu uye inofungisisa dhizaini. Muna 1994, kuburikidza nekuedza pamwe chete kwePeugeot, FIAT neCitroen, ngoro yeLancia Zeta yakaonekwa, uye nokukurumidza nyika yakaona Lancia Kappa, Lancia Y, Lancia Thesis naLancia Phedra. Motokari hadzina kuwana mukurumbira wakawanda, saka nekufamba kwenguva, nhamba yemhando dzakaratidzwa dzakava shoma uye shoma. Kubva 2017, kambani yanga ichigadzira mota imwe chete yeLancia Ypsilon, uye inotariswa chete pamusika weItaly.