Mafuta

Ziva nzira yekududzira chirongo chemafuta

Musika wacho uzere nemafuta uye zviyero zvakanyorwa pamabhangi hazviiti kuti zvive nyore kududzira, kunyanya sezvo zviyero zvakanyorwa pabhangi zvinobva kumasangano akati wandei. Mhedziso yemhuri huru yeOiri.

Tekinoroji yemudhudhudhu: decoding gaba reoiri

Synthesis, semi-synthesis, zvicherwa

Mafuta akakamurwa kuita mhuri nhatu. Synthetic oiri ndeyemhando yepamusoro uye inoshanda zvakanyanya. Iwo akanakira kumhanyisa injini senge hypersport. Mazhinji mamwe midhudhudhu anofara ne semi-synthetic oiri pasina nyaya: yepakati renji, synthetic mafuta uye mineral oiri musanganiswa. Mineral oil iri pazasi pechiyero. Inouya zvakananga kubva kumafuta akacheneswa.

SAE: viscosity

Uyu chiyero chakatarwa neSosaiti yeMotokari Injiniya inotarisana nekuona viscosity yeoiri.

Viscosity inosarudza kuramba kuyerera kwemafuta sebasa rekushisa. Zvechokwadi, viscosity yemafuta inoenderana nekushanda kwayo kwekushisa.

Nhamba yekutanga ine ruzivo nezve inotonhora viscosity. Saka, 0W oiri inoramba iri mvura kusvika -35 ° C. Saka zvinozoenda nekukurumidza kukwira lubrication circuit kuzora zvese. Nhamba yechipiri inoratidza kupisa viscosity (yakayerwa pa100 ° C). Izvi zvinoratidza kushorwa kwemafuta uye kugona kwayo kutsungirira kupisa kwakanyanya. Muchirevo, iyo yakaderera nhamba yekutanga (kusvika ku0) uye yakakwirira yechipiri digit (kusvika makumi matanhatu), zviri nani kuita. Asi izvo, mafuta angave akayerwa 60W0 angave akawandisa mvura uye anotungamira mukunyanya kushandiswa, kunyanya kune injini yekuchembera.

API

IAmerican Petroleum Institute yakagadzira kupatsanurwa kwemafuta zvichienderana nemaitiro akati wandei akadai se dispersibility, detergent, kana corrosion protection. Zvichienderana nekuita kwayo, mafuta anogara nhaka tsamba mushure meS (yebasa): SA, SB… S.J. Kuwedzera iyo tsamba muarufabheti, zvinoita nani kuita. Iyo SJ standard ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka nhasi.

CCMC

Uyu chiyero cheEuropean uye parizvino chiri kutungamirwa neMubatanidzwa weEuropean Automobile Manufacturers. Kuita kunoratidzwa nenhamba yakawedzerwa kune vara G, kubva paG1 kusvika G5. Iyi chiyero yakasimudzwa muna 1991 neACEA standard.

KUTI

Sangano reEuropean Automobile Manufacturers rakaisa mwero mutsva wekushandiswa kweoiri. Mutsara uyu mubatanidzwa webhii nenhamba. Tsamba inozivisa mafuta (A = peturu injini, B = injini yedhiziri). Nhamba yacho inotsanangura kushanda uye inogona kubva pa1 (zvishoma) kusvika pa3 (zvakanakisa).

mhedziso

Nekuti miganho yeinjini yemudhudhudhu inowanzopfuura miganho yeinjini yemotokari, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa mafuta emudhudhudhu chaiwo.

Zvinowanzotaurwa kuti mafuta akasiyana haafaniri kusanganiswa. Muchokwadi, mafuta kubva kune vakasiyana vanogadzira anogona kusanganiswa, chero iwo hunhu hwemafuta hwakafanana: muenzaniso 5W10, nezvimwe.