Rezinesi rekutyaira repasi rese

Kazhinji, pakufamba kunyika dzakavakidzana, vanhu vanoda motokari yavo pane zvifambiso zvevoruzhinji. Sarudzo iyi inokumanikidza kuti ufunge nezve nzira yekuwana rezinesi rekutyaira renyika dzese, izvo zvinokutendera kuti ufambe wakasununguka kune dzimwe nyika.

Rezinesi rekutyaira renyika dzese: chii uye nei zvichidikanwa

Muzana ramakore rechimakumi maviri, nharaunda yepasirese yakaita kuyedza kwakati wandei kudzora kufambiswa kwemigwagwa yepasirese kuitira kufambisa kufamba kwevanhu pakati penyika mumotokari dzakazvimirira. Kuedza uku kwakaguma kwekutanga muParis Convention yeRoad Traffic ya1926, tevere muGeneva Kokorodzano ye1949 uye pakupedzisira muVienna Kokorodzano ye1968 pachinhu chimwe chete.

Rezinesi rekutyaira renyika dzese igwaro rinosimbisa kuti muridzi waro ane kodzero yekutyaira mota dzemamwe mapoka kunze kwemiganhu yenyika inotambira.

Maererano nendima. ii ndima 2 yechinyorwa 41 cheVienna Chibvumirano, rezinesi rekutyaira repasi rose (rinozonzi zvakare IDP, rezinesi rekutyaira repasi rose) rinoshanda chete kana raunzwa pamwe chete nerezinesi renyika.

Nekuda kweizvozvo, IDP, nechinangwa chayo, igwaro rekuwedzera kumutemo wepamba, iro rinodzokorora ruzivo rwurimo mumitauro yemapato eVienna Convention.

Chitarisiko uye zviri mukati meIDP

Maererano neAppendix No. 7 yeVienna Treaty ye1968, IDPs inobudiswa nenzira yebhuku rakapetwa pamutsara wakapetwa. Zviyero zvayo 148 ne 105 millimeters, iyo inoenderana neyakajairwa A6 fomati. Chivharo chine grey uye mamwe mapeji machena.

Iyo IDP modhi kubva paAppendix No. 7 kuenda kuVienna Convention ye1968 inofanirwa kutungamirwa nenyika dzese dziri muchibvumirano.

Mukuvandudzwa kwezvirongwa zvegungano muna 2011, Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs Nhamba 206 yakagamuchirwa. MuAppendix No. 1 kwairi, mamwe maitiro eIDP akatsanangurwa. Semuyenzaniso, zvitupa blanks anorondedzerwa sedanho "B" magwaro akadzivirirwa kubva manyepo, sezvo achigadzirwa uchishandisa anonzi mawatermark.

Hwaro hweIDP, inogadzirwa muRussia, sampuli yepasi rose, yakagadziridzwa kune yakatarwa yenyika

Sezvatotaurwa, IDL imhando yekuwedzera kune kodzero dzenyika, iyo yakakosha ndeyekuita kuti ruzivo rwurimo rwuwanikwe kune vamiriri vemasangano ehurumende yenyika yemuridzi wemotokari. Nechikonzero ichi, zvirimo zvakashandurirwa mumitauro inodarika gumi. Pakati pavo: Chirungu, Arabic, German, Chinese, Italian uye Japanese. Mutemo wepasi rose une ruzivo rwunotevera:

• surname uye zita remuridzi wemotokari;
• zuva rekuzvarwa;
• nzvimbo yekugara (kunyoresa);
• chikamu chemotokari inobvumirwa kutyaira;
• zuva rekuburitsa IDL;
• nhevedzano uye nhamba yerezinesi rekutyaira renyika;
• zita rechiremera chakapa chitupa.

Kutyaira mota muRussia pakutyaira kwepasirese uye kodzero dzekunze

Kune vagari veRussia avo, mushure mekugamuchira IDP, vakasarudza kuvashandisa pakutyaira motokari munyika yedu, nhau dzinoodza mwoyo. Maererano nendima 8 yeArt. 25 yeFederal Law "Pamugwagwa Kuchengetedzwa" Nhamba 196-FZ nokuda kwezvinangwa izvi, IDP haina kukodzera. Inogona kushandiswa chete kune dzimwe nyika nzendo.

Ndiko kuti, kutyaira motokari munharaunda yeRussia ine chitupa chepasi rose nevamiririri vemutemo uye kurongeka kuchafananidzwa nekutyaira motokari pasina magwaro. Mhedzisiro yekutyorwa kwakadaro inogona kunge iri kuunza kune maneja maneja pasi peArt. 12.3 yeCode of Administrative Offences yeRussian Federation ine faindi inosvika mazana mashanu rubles.

Kana mutyairi asina kodzero yenyika zvachose, achakwezvwa pasi peArt. 12.7 yeCode of Administrative Offences yeRussian Federation. Nekuda kwechikamu 1 chechinyorwa chino, faindi ye5 kusvika ku15 rubles inogona kubhadhariswa paari.

Mamiriro ezvinhu anonyanya kufadza nevatorwa vanosarudza kutyaira motokari maererano nekodzero dzavo dzenyika.

Ndima 12 yeChinyorwa 25 cheFederal Law "Pane Road Safety" inobvumira vanhu kugara kwenguva pfupi uye zvachose panharaunda yavo pasina marezinesi ekutyaira emukati ekushandisa ekunze.

Pamberi pekugamuchirwa kwemutemo mumashoko azvino, pakanga paine mutemo wekuti mugari weRussia aive nekodzero yekushandisa kodzero dzekunze mukati memazuva makumi matanhatu mushure mekugamuchira ugari. Munguva iyi yakagadzwa neChirevo cheHurumende, aifanira kuchinjana rezinesi rekutyaira rekunze kune reRussia.

Kana vari vashanyi vekunze, havana kumbozvipira kuwana kodzero dzemumba. Nekuda kwendima 14, 15 yechinyorwa 25 cheyakataurwa Federal Law, vatorwa vanogona kutyaira mota pahwaro hwemitemo yenyika kana yenyika ine shanduro yepamutemo mumutauro wenyika yenyika yedu.

Izvo chete kunze kwemutemo mukuru ndevaya vatorwa vanoshanda mumunda wekutakura zvinhu, zvifambiso zvega: vatyairi vematekisi, vatyairi vemarori, nezvimwewo (ndima 13 yechinyorwa 25 cheFederal Law No. 196-FZ).

Nekutyora mutemo uyu wemutemo, iyo Code of Administrative Offences yeRussian Federation inopa chirango nenzira yefaindi muhuwandu hwe50 zviuru zveRubles pasi pechinyorwa 12.32.1.

Vatorwa vanoshanda muRussia sevatyairi, marori, vatyairi vetekisi vanofanirwa kuwana rezinesi rekutyaira reRussia

Hutongi hwakakosha hwakapihwa vatyairi vanobva kuKyrgyzstan, avo, kunyangwe vachityaira mota pahunyanzvi, vane kodzero yekusachinja rezinesi ravo rekutyaira kune reRussia.

Nokudaro, tinokurudzira nyika dzinoratidza ruremekedzo rwavo kumutauro weRussia uye dzinoisa izvi mubumbiro remitemo, maererano nemutauro wavo wepamutemo.

Mutungamiriri weKomiti yeHurumende Duma yeRussian Federation yeCIS Affairs Leonid Kalashnikov

http://tass.ru/ekonomika/4413828

Kutyaira motokari kunze kwenyika pasi pemutemo wenyika

Parizvino, nyika dzinopfuura makumi manomwe neshanu dziri mapato eChibvumirano cheVienna, pakati pacho unogona kuwana nyika zhinji dzeEurope (Austria, Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, zvichingodaro), dzimwe nyika muAfrica (Kenya, Tunisia, South). Africa), Asia (Kazakhstan, Republic of Korea , Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia) uye kunyange dzimwe nyika dzeNyika Itsva (Venezuela, Uruguay).

Munyika dziri kutora chikamu muVienna Convention, vagari vekuRussia vanogona, pasina kuburitsa IDP, kushandisa rudzi rutsva rwerezinesi rekutyaira renyika: makadhi epurasitiki akabudiswa kubvira 2011, sezvo vachinyatsoenderana nezvinodiwa zveAppendix No. 6 yeChibvumirano chakataurwa.

Nekudaro, iyi yakanakisa mamiriro ezvinhu papepa haaenderane zvizere nekuita. Vazhinji vanofarira mota, vachivimba nesimba rechibvumirano chepasi rose, vakatenderera Europe nekodzero dzeRussia uye vakatarisana nematambudziko akati wandei pakuedza kushandisa masevhisi emakambani ekurenda mota. Kunyanya kudzidzisa mumamiriro ehurukuro iri kukurukurwa inyaya yevanozivana neni avo vakabhadhariswa mari yakawanda nemapurisa emigwagwa yeItaly nekuda kwekusava neIDP.

Nyika zhinji, nechikonzero chimwe kana chimwe, dzakaramba kupinda muchibvumirano chepasi rose, uye nekudaro kucherechedza zvese zviri zviviri zvitupa zvenyika nepasirese panharaunda yavo. Nyika dzakadaro dzinosanganisira, semuenzaniso, United States uye dzinenge nyika dzese dzeNorth America neAustralia. Kana uchida kutyaira mota yakazvimirira munzvimbo dzakadai, unozofanirwa kuwana chitupa chemuno.

Nyaya yeJapan inonyanya kufarirwa. Iyo inyika isingawanzo yakasaina Geneva Convention ye1949, asi haina kubvuma kuVienna Treaty yakaitsiva. Nekuda kweizvi, nzira chete yekutyaira muJapan ndeyekutora rezinesi reJapan.

Nekudaro, zvakakosha zvakanyanya kuona kana nyika iri bato kune chero gungano remigwagwa usati wafamba nemotokari yega.

Chero zvazvingaitika, pane yangu pachangu, ndinoda kukurudzira kusachengetedza pane dhizaini yeIDL. Naiye, unovimbiswa kuti hauzove nekusanzwisisana nemapurisa emunharaunda uye mahofisi ekurenda.

Musiyano uripo pakati perezinesi rekutyaira renyika dzese uye renyika

Marezinesi ekutyaira emunyika nemaIDP haasi magwaro anokwikwidza. Zvakasiyana, mutemo wepasi rose wakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa zviri mukati memutemo wemukati kune zviremera kubva kune dzimwe nyika.

Tafura: Misiyano pakati peIDL neRussia marezinesi ekutyaira

Rezinesi rekutyaira reRussia	MSU
Material	Plastiki	Pepa
zera	85,6 x 54 mm, ine mipendero yakatenderedzwa	148 x 105 mm (bhuku reA6)
Kuzadza mitemo	rakadhindwa	Yakadhindwa uye yakanyorwa nemaoko
Zadza mutauro	Russian uye Latin dubbing	9 mitauro mikuru yemapato eMusangano
Kudoma nzvimbo	kwete	Zvichida
Chiratidzo cheimwe rezinesi rekutyaira	kwete	Zuva uye nhamba yechitupa chenyika
Kushandiswa kwezviratidzo zvekuverenga zvemagetsi	kune	kwete

Kazhinji, maIDP nekodzero dzenyika dzine misiyano yakawanda pane kufanana. Iwo anodzorwa nemagwaro akasiyana, iwo anooneka uye ane revo akasiyana. Ivo vanobatanidzwa chete nechinangwa: kusimbiswa kwezvikwaniriso zvakafanira zvemutyairi kutyaira mota yeimwe chikamu.

Kurongeka uye maitiro ekutora rezinesi rekutyaira renyika dzese

Nzira yekupa zvitupa zvose zvenyika uye zvepasi rose zvinogadziriswa nemutemo mumwe chete: Chirevo cheHurumende yeRussian Federation yaOctober 24, 2014 No. Rezinesi rekutyaira reRussia, maitiro ekuiburitsa anoitwa ari nyore uye nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Semuenzaniso, kupasa zvakare bvunzo kana uchiwana kodzero dzepasi rese hazvidiwi.

State traffic inspectorate inopa basa rehurumende rekubudiswa kweIDL maererano neAdministrative Regulations No. 20.10.2015 yaOctober 995, XNUMX. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, inotsanangura zvirevo zvekupa rezinesi rekutyaira: anosvika maminetsi gumi nemashanu akagoverwa kugamuchira nekutarisa magwaro uye anosvika makumi matatu maminetsi ekupa rezinesi pachayo (clause 15 uye 30 ye Administrative Regulations). Ndokunge, iwe unogona kuwana IDL pazuva rekushandisa.

Mapurisa emumigwagwa anogona kumisa kupihwa kwechitupa chepasi rose kana kuramba chete munyaya dzinotevera, dzakatemwa neAdministrative Regulations:

• kushaikwa kwemagwaro anodiwa;
• kuendeswa kwemagwaro akapera;
• kuvapo mumagwaro akatumirwa ezvinyorwa zvakaitwa mupenzura kana nekudzima, kuwedzera, mazwi akayambuka, zvigadziriso zvisina kutaurwa, pamwe nekusavapo kwemashoko anodiwa, siginecha, zvisimbiso mazviri;
• kusasvika zera re18;
• kuvapo kweruzivo pamusoro pekunyimwa kwemunyoreri kodzero yekutyaira mota;
• kuendeswa kwezvinyorwa zvisingasviki zvinodiwa nemutemo weRussian Federation, pamwe chete neine ruzivo rwenhema;
• kuendeswa kwemagwaro ane zviratidzo zvekunyepedzera, pamwe chete neaya ari pakati pevakarasika (vakabiwa).

Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvese, zvinyorwa zvako zvinofanirwa kugamuchirwa uye sevhisi yeruzhinji inopiwa. Kana ukanyimwa zvisiri pamutemo rezenisi rekutyaira repasi rose, ipapo chiito chakadaro (kusaita) chemukuru chinogona kukwidzwa newe mukutonga kana kutonga. Semuenzaniso, nekutumira chichemo kune mukuru mukuru kana muchuchisi.

Zvinyorwa zvinodiwa

Zvinoenderana nendima 34 yeHurumende Decree No. 1097, magwaro anotevera achadikanwa kuti uwane IDL:

• shanduro;
• pasipoti kana rimwe gwaro;
• Rezinesi rekutyaira reRussia;
• saizi yemufananidzo 35x45 mm, yakagadzirwa mutema uye chena kana mufananidzo wemavara pabepa rematte.

Kusiyana nemarezinesi ekutyaira emunyika, marezinesi ekutyaira epasi rese haatore mafoto, saka uchafanirwa kuunza mufananidzo newe

Kusvikira 2017, rondedzero yacho yaisanganisirawo mushumo wezvokurapa, asi panguva ino haina kubatanidzwa kubva pakurongwa, sezvo mamiriro ehutano, sezvimwe zvinhu zvose zvinokosha zvepamutemo, zvinojekeswa pakuwana kodzero dzenyika.

Rondedzero kubva kuHurumende Decree No. 1097 haitauri shoko pamusoro pekudiwa kwekupa gwaro rinotsigira kubhadhara mari yehurumende kana pasipoti yekunze. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vamiriri vemasangano ehurumende havana kodzero yekukumbira magwaro aya kubva kwauri. Nekudaro, ini ndichiri kuda kukurudzira kubatanidza pasipoti inoshanda kune magwaro anodiwa. Ichokwadi ndechokuti kana iwe ukanyatsoomerera kune tsamba yemutemo uye usingatsauki kubva pane zvinyorwa zvinyorwa, ipapo kupereta kwezita rako mupasipoti yekunze uye IDL inogona kusiyana. Kusawirirana kwakadaro kunovimbiswa kukonzera dambudziko risingakoshi nemapurisa parwendo rwekunze.

Vhidhiyo: zano kune avo vanoda kuwana IDL kubva kumukuru wedhipatimendi reMREO muKrasnoyarsk

Kuwana rezenisi rekutyaira repasi rose

Muenzaniso Application

Fomu rekunyorera rinotenderwa muAnnex 2 kune Administrative Regulations yeMinistry of Internal Affairs Nhamba 995.

Kana uchibata MFC kana mapurisa emumigwagwa, unopihwa chikumbiro chemuenzaniso wakadaro, saka hazvifanirwe kuuya nawo.

Basic application details:

1. Details of the traffic police department kwauri kunyorera IDP.
2. Zita rake, data repasipoti (yakatevedzana, nhamba, nani, kana yapihwa, nezvimwewo).
3. Chaizvoizvo chikumbiro chekuburitswa kweIDP.
4. Rondedzero yemagwaro akabatanidzwa kune application.
5. Zuva rekugadzirira kwegwaro, siginecha uye chinyorwa.

IDP yekuwana kupi uye inodhura marii

Maererano netsika yakagadzwa neHurumende Decree No. 1097, vhiza yepasi rose inogona kuwanikwa paMREO STSI (interdistrict registration and examination department), pasinei nenzvimbo yekunyoreswa kwemugari anoratidzwa mupasipoti.

Panguva imwecheteyo, hapana anovimbisa kuti chero dhipatimendi remapurisa emigwagwa richakwanisa kukupa basa rakadaro risingawanzoitiki. Naizvozvo, ndinoda kukuraira kuti utarise kana mapurisa epadhuze epaMREO emigwagwa achiburitsa zvitupa zvepasi rose. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa zvese nenhamba dzenhare dzesangano rauri kutsvaga, uye pawebhusaiti yepamutemo yemapurisa emigwagwa mudunhu rako.

Chitupa chepasi rese chinogona kuwanikwa zvakare kuMFC. Sezvakaitika kumadhipatimendi emapurisa emigwagwa, kero yekunyoreswa kwako yekupihwa kwesevhisi iyi haina basa, nekuti unogona kubata chero multifunctional centre. Panguva imwecheteyo, mari yakawedzerwa yekugoverwa kwebasa haizotorwa kubva kwauri uye ichaganhurwa chete kune huwandu hwemari yehurumende, iyo ichakurukurwa gare gare.

Kazhinji, kuwana chitupa chepasi rose kunoitika nenzira inotevera:

1. Kushanya kwako pachako kuMFC. Kuti ubvise kana kuti uderedze nguva yakashandiswa mumutsara, unogona kuita musangano pachine nguva nekufonera dhipatimendi raunosarudza kana pawebhusaiti.
2. Kubhadhara kwebasa rehurumende. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa mumakina ari mukati meMFC, kana mune chero bhangi riri nyore.
3. Kuendeswa kwemagwaro. Chikumbiro, pasipoti, mufananidzo uye chitupa chenyika. Makopi anodiwa emagwaro ako achaitwa ipapo ipapo nemushandi wepakati.
4. Kuwana IDL itsva. Nguva yekushandura sevhisi iyi inosvika mazuva gumi nemashanu ekushanda. Maitiro ekushanda pakodzero dzako anogona kudzorwa nenhamba yekugamuchira nerunhare kana pawebhusaiti.

MFC, mukukosha kwayo, murevereri pakati pemugari nesangano rehurumende rinopa basa rehurumende.

Yazvino uye yakanakira kutumira chikumbiro cheIDL kuburikidza nepeji rinoenderana reiyo public services portal. Pamusoro penyaya yekuti panguva yekunyorera iwe uchadzivirira kukosha kwekuzviratidza kumadhipatimendi emapurisa emigwagwa uye kudzivirira mitsetse yakareba, vese vanonyorera kodzero dzepasirese pamhepo vanowana kuderedzwa kwe30% pamubhadharo wenyika.

Saka, kana mari yakajairika yekuburitsa IDP maererano nendima 42 yeChikamu 1 cheArt. 333.33 yeMutero weMutero weRussian Federation ndeye 1600 rubles, ipapo pawebhusaiti yebasa revanhu kodzero dzakafanana dzichadhura iwe chete 1120 rubles.

Nekudaro, iwe une nzira nhatu dzekuwana IDL: kuburikidza nemapurisa emigwagwa, iyo MFC uye neinternet application kuburikidza neruzhinji masevhisi webhusaiti. Mutengo wekutora chitupa unotarwa nehuwandu hwebasa rehurumende uye unosiyana kubva pa1120 rubles kana uchishandisa veruzhinji masevhisi portal kusvika 1600 rubles.

Vhidhiyo: kuwana IDP

Kutsiva rezinesi rekutyaira uye kuwana IDP

Kutsiviwa kwerezinesi rekutyaira renyika dzese

Zvinoenderana nendima 35 yeChirevo cheHurumende yeRussian Federation No. 1097, maIDP anoonekwa seasina basa uye anogona kubviswa muzviitiko zvinotevera:

• kana rezinesi rekutyaira rapera;
• kana iyo data yega yega iri mune rezinesi rekutyaira yachinja;
• kana rezinesi rekutyaira rave risingagone kushandiswa nekuda kwekupfeka, kukuvara kana zvimwe zvikonzero uye ruzivo rwakaratidzwa mairi (kana muchikamu chayo) harugone kutariswa nemeso;
• kana rezinesi rekutyaira rakapihwa pahwaro hwemagwaro aizivikanwa seakanyengerwa (akagadzirwa) maererano neyakagadziriswa maitiro, kana akapihwa mukutyora nzira yakagadzwa neMitemo iyi;
• kana chirevo chakagamuchirwa pamusoro pekurasikirwa (kuba) kwerezinesi rekutyaira;
• kana rezinesi idzva rekutyaira rapihwa;
• kana zvakasimbiswa kuti mutyairi wemotokari ane zvipikiso zvekurapa kana kuti zvisati zvambozivikanwa zvirambidzo zvekurapa pakutyaira.

Mukuwedzera, kana chiitiko chekuregererwa kwekodzero dzeRussia, nyika dzepasi rose dzinobva dzangove dzisina kukodzera uye dzinofanira kutsiviwa (ndima 36 yeHurumende Decree No. 1097).

Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti inoshamisa metamorphosis yakaitika nekukodzera kwechitupa chepasi rose muRussia. Maererano nendima 2 yechikamu che33 cheHurumende Chirevo che1097, IDP inobudiswa kwenguva yemakore matatu, asi kwete kwenguva yakareba kudarika nguva yepamutemo yechiziviso chenyika. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvitupa zveRussia zvinoramba zviripo kwemakore gumi akazara. Chinoramba chiri chakavanzika kuti sei mumiriri wemitemo akaita musiyano wakakosha pakati pemagwaro maviri aya.

Saka, panguva yekushanda kwerezinesi rekutyaira reRussia, ungangoda kuchinja kusvika kune matatu epasi rese.

Kugadziriswa kusinganzwisisike kwenguva yechokwadi yemamwe magwaro kunotungamirira pakuumbwa kwemitsara

Iko hakuna nzira yakakosha yekutsiva IDP muRussia. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kodzero dzepasi rose dzinotsiviwa maererano nemitemo yakafanana panguva yekutanga kubudiswa: mapepa akafanana ezvinyorwa, zviyero zvakafanana zvemubhadharo wehurumende, nzira mbiri dzakafanana dzekuwana. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, hazvina musoro kuti udzokorore zvakare.

Basa rekutyaira mota kunze kwenyika pasina IDL

Kutyaira mota isina IDL inofananidzwa nemapurisa ekunze kwenyika nekutyaira mota pasina chero magwaro zvachose. Zvinechekuita neizvi ndiko kuomarara kwezvirango zvekutyorwa kusingakuvadzi kwakadaro. Sezvo mutemo, faindi, kunyimwa kodzero yekutyaira mota, "penalty points" uye kunyange kusungwa kunoshandiswa sechirango.

Mari yeUkraine faindi yekutyaira mota isina rezinesi idiki: kubva pamadhora gumi nemashanu emarezinesi ekutyaira anokanganwa kumba kusvika makumi matanhatu nekuda kwekusavapo kwavo zvachose.

MuCzech Republic, chirango chakanyanya kuomarara: kwete chete faindi muhuwandu hwe915 kusvika 1832 euros, asiwo accrual ye4 demerit point (12 mapoinzi - kunyimwa kodzero yekutyaira mota kwegore).

MuItaly, munhu anotyaira mota asina rezinesi anogona kuburuka aine chirango chidiki che400 euros, asi muridzi wemotokari anobhadhara kakawanda - zviuru makumi mapfumbamwe zvemaeuro.

MuSpain neFrance, vatyairi vane hutsinye vanotyaira mota vasina mvumo yakakodzera vanogona kuiswa mujeri kubva pamwedzi mitanhatu kusvika pagore.

Saka mutyairi anofanira kufunga kakawanda asati aenda kunyika dzeEurope nemotokari yega asina magwaro anodiwa. Zvechokwadi, zviri nani kushandisa zuva rimwe uye 1600 rubles kuti uwane IDP pane kuisa pangozi yekubatwa mukutyora uye kubhadhara mari yakawanda.

Mazhinji enyika dzinozivikanwa nzvimbo dzekushanya pakati pevaRussia mapato eVienna Chibvumirano cha1968, zvinoreva kuti vanobvuma rezinesi rekutyaira reRussia. Zvisinei, chokwadi ichi hachiiti zvachose kunyoreswa kweIDP kutambisa nguva nemari. Vanobatsira kudzivirira kusanzwisisana nemapurisa emigwagwa yekunze kwenyika, inishuwarenzi uye makambani ekurojesa mota.